WordNet

plant with trees; "this lot should be treed so that the house will be shaded in summer"
stretch (a shoe) on a shoetree (同)shoetree
a figure that branches from a single root; "genealogical tree" (同)tree diagram
a tall perennial woody plant having a main trunk and branches forming a distinct elevated crown; includes both gymnosperms and angiosperms
chase an animal up a tree; "the hunters treed the bear with dogs and killed it"; "her dog likes to tree squirrels"
English actor and theatrical producer noted for his lavish productions of Shakespeare (1853-1917) (同)Sir Herbert Beerbohm Tree

PrepTutorEJDIC

『木』,樹木;(潅木)(bush, shrub),低木に対し)喬木,高木 / (低木や草質植物でも形が高木に似ている)木; / 木製具 / 久分かれした図;系統図;(特に)家系図(family tree) / 〈動物・人〉‘を'木に通い上げる

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1. ピーナッツ　、木の実、および種子アレルギー：診断 peanut tree nut and seed allergy diagnosis
2. ピーナッツ　、木の実、および種子アレルギー：管理 peanut tree nut and seed allergy management
3. ピーナッツ　、木の実、および種子アレルギー：臨床的特徴 peanut tree nut and seed allergy clinical features
4. Food allergy in children: Prevalence, natural history, and monitoring for resolution
5. 食物アレルゲン：臨床的特徴および交叉反応の概要 food allergens overview of clinical features and cross reactivity

English Journal

Characterization of y-type high-molecular-weight glutenins in tetraploid species of Leymus.

Sun Y1, Pu Z, Dai S, Pu X, Liu D, Wu B, Lan X, Wei Y, Zheng Y, Yan Z.Author information 1Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211, Huimin Road, Wenjiang Region, Chengdu City, 611130, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.AbstractThree y-type high-molecular-weight (HMW) glutenin gene open reading frames (ORFs), Chiy1, Chiy2, and Racy, were isolated and characterized from Leymus chinensis PI499516 and Leymus racemosus ssp. racemosus W623305. They shared an extra glutamine in the N-terminal and LAAQLPAMCRL peptides in the C-terminal with x-type HMW glutenins but had different N-terminal lengths. Like other y-type HMW glutenins, Chiy2 and Racy had 104 (or 105) amino acid (aa) residues at the N-terminal and started with EGEASR, whereas Chiy1 had 99 aa in this domain and started with QLQCER because of the deletion of EGEASR. Five other y-type glutenins, including those from Elymus ciliaris, Pseudoroegneria libanotica, and Leymus mollis, were similar to Chiy1. The ORF of Chiy2 was probably not expressed. The ORFs of both Chiy1 and Racy were expressed in bacteria. The maximum likelihood phylogenic tree based on the signal peptide and N-terminal and C-terminal aa residues revealed two clades of y-type HMW glutenins in Triticeae; the first contained Ay, By, Cy, Dy, Eey, Gy, Ky, Ry, Tay, and Uy, while the second clade contained the remaining y types, including those from Leymus. Within the second clade, HMW glutenins lacking the EGEASR peptide formed a subclade. These y-type HMW glutenins in Leymus could not be targeted to the Xm or Ns genome.
Development genes and evolution.Dev Genes Evol.2014 Feb;224(1):57-64. doi: 10.1007/s00427-013-0455-7. Epub 2013 Sep 26.
Three y-type high-molecular-weight (HMW) glutenin gene open reading frames (ORFs), Chiy1, Chiy2, and Racy, were isolated and characterized from Leymus chinensis PI499516 and Leymus racemosus ssp. racemosus W623305. They shared an extra glutamine in the N-terminal and LAAQLPAMCRL peptides in the C-te
PMID 24068388

Molecular characterization and expression analysis of the small GTPase ROP members expressed in laticifers of the rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis).

Qin Y1, Huang Y2, Fang Y1, Qi J1, Tang C3.Author information 1Rubber Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources of Rubber Tree, Ministry of Agriculture, Danzhou, Hainan 571737, China.2Rubber Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources of Rubber Tree, Ministry of Agriculture, Danzhou, Hainan 571737, China; College of Agronomy, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China.3Rubber Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources of Rubber Tree, Ministry of Agriculture, Danzhou, Hainan 571737, China. Electronic address: chaorongtang@126.com.AbstractROP (Rho of plants) proteins are plant-specific Rho-type small GTPases which play important roles in cellular processes and stress responses. This study explores the characteristics and possible functions of ROPs that are expressed primarily in laticifers of the rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis). The work serves as a preliminary step to determining their involvement in latex flow and regeneration, laticifers formation and tapping panel dryness (TPD, a physiological disorder in rubber trees that result in the stoppage of latex flow). In this connection, we (i) identified five HbROPs (HbROP1-HbROP5) by searching latex transcripts database and the genome databases, (ii) characterized molecular and phylogenic aspects of the HbROPs and examined the cis-regulatory elements in their promoter regions; (iii) analyzed by Real-time Quantitative PCR (QPCR) the tissue specificity of the HbROPs and their expression patterns in response to tapping, bark wounding and growth regulator treatments. All five HbROP genes were strongly expressed in the latex, with HbROP1, 3, 4 and 5 showing the highest expression among the six Hevea tissues examined, viz. latex, bud, mature leaf, bark, male flower and seed. When tapping was initiated on previously untapped trees, HbROP3 transcription was substantially down-regulated whereas HbROP5 expression was markedly up-regulated. Transcripts of HbROP3 rose gradually with the development of TPD. Except for the cytokinin 6-benzyl aminopurine that induced a rise in HbROP5 transcripts by more than 2-fold, the other growth regulators tested had little effect on HbROPs expression. The roles of HbROPs in rubber tree are discussed in relation to the diverse functions of ROP homologs reported in other plant species.
Plant physiology and biochemistry : PPB / Société française de physiologie végétale.Plant Physiol Biochem.2014 Jan;74:193-204. doi: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2013.11.013. Epub 2013 Nov 20.
ROP (Rho of plants) proteins are plant-specific Rho-type small GTPases which play important roles in cellular processes and stress responses. This study explores the characteristics and possible functions of ROPs that are expressed primarily in laticifers of the rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis). The
PMID 24308989

Bacterial microbiome of Coptotermes curvignathus (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae) reflects the coevolution of species and dietary pattern.

King JH1, Mahadi NM, Bong CF, Ong KH, Hassan O.Author information 1Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia Bintulu Sarawak Campus, Sarawak.AbstractCoptotermes curvignathus Holmgren is capable of feeding on living trees. This ability is attributed to their effective digestive system that is furnished by the termite's own cellulolytic enzymes and cooperative enzymes produced by their gut microbes. In this study, the identity of an array of diverse microbes residing in the gut of C. curvignathus was revealed by sequencing the near-full-length 16S rRNA genes. A total of 154 bacterial phylotypes were found. The Bacteroidetes was the most abundant phylum and accounted for about 65% of the gut microbial profile. This is followed by Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, Spirochetes, Proteobacteria, TM7, Deferribacteres, Planctomycetes, Verrucomicrobia, and Termite Group 1. Based on the phylogenetic study, this symbiosis can be a result of long coevolution of gut enterotypes with the phylogenic distribution, strong selection pressure in the gut, and other speculative pressures that determine bacterial biome to follow. The phylogenetic distribution of cloned rRNA genes in the bacterial domain that was considerably different from other termite reflects the strong selection pressures in the gut where a proportional composition of gut microbiome of C. curvignathus has established. The selection pressures could be linked to the unique diet preference of C. curvignathus that profoundly feeds on living trees. The delicate gut microbiome composition may provide available nutrients to the host as well as potential protection against opportunistic pathogen.
Insect science.Insect Sci.2013 Oct 2. doi: 10.1111/1744-7917.12061. [Epub ahead of print]
Coptotermes curvignathus Holmgren is capable of feeding on living trees. This ability is attributed to their effective digestive system that is furnished by the termite's own cellulolytic enzymes and cooperative enzymes produced by their gut microbes. In this study, the identity of an array of diver
PMID 24123989

Japanese Journal

Relatedness between Host Species and Genotype of Beak and Feather Disease Virus Suggesting Possible Interspecies Cross Infection during Bird Trade

OGAWA Hirohito,CHAHOTA Rajesh,OHYA Kenji,YAMAGUCHI Tsuyoshi,FUKUSHI Hideto
Journal of Veterinary Medical Science 75(4), 503-507, 2013
… In phylogenic analysis, almost BFDV sequences included in each genetic cluster of phylogenic tree belonged to the same psittacine subfamily. …
NAID 130002502210

Discrimination based on Gly and Arg/Ser at position 673 between dipeptidyl-peptidase (DPP) 7 and DPP11, widely distributed DPPs in pathogenic and environmental gram-negative bacteria

Rouf Shakh M.A.,Ohara-Nemoto Yuko,Hoshino Tomonori,Fujiwara Taku,Ono Toshio,Nemoto Takayuki K.
Biochimie 95(4), 824-832, 2012
… A more compelling phylogenic tree based on the conserved C-terminal region suggested two gene duplication events in the phylum Bacteroidetes, one causing the development of DPP7 and DPP11 with altered substrate specificities, and the other producing an additional DPP7 in the genus Bacteroides. …
NAID 120005196713