瞼裂
WordNet
- break into fissures or fine cracks
- (anatomy) a long narrow slit or groove that divides an organ into lobes
PrepTutorEJDIC
- (細長い)裂け目,亀裂(きれつ)(crack)
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』「2015/01/20 21:42:56」(JST)
[Wiki en表示]
Palpebral fissure |
Front of left eye with eyelids separated to show medial canthus. (Palpebral fissure, visible but not labeled, is artificially widened.)
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Details |
Latin |
rima palpebrarum |
Identifiers |
Gray's |
p.1025 |
Dorlands
/Elsevier |
r_14/12711768 |
TA |
A15.2.07.030 |
FMA |
FMA:59110 |
Anatomical terminology |
The Palpebral fissure is the elliptic space between the medial and lateral canthi of the two open lids. In simple terms, it refers to the opening between the eye lids. In adults, this measures about 10mm vertically and 30mm horizontally.
It can be reduced (short) in horizontal size by fetal alcohol syndrome[1] and in Williams Syndrome. The chromosomal conditions Trisomy 9 and Trisomy 21 (Down Syndrome) can cause the palpebral fissures to be upslanted,[2] while Marfan Syndrome can cause a downslant.[3]
The fissure may be increased in vertical height in Graves' disease, which is manifested as Dalrymple's sign. This is one of the numerous symptoms of genetic disorders like Cri-du-chat.
Narrowing of the fissure can be a prominent indicator of myofascial trigger points in the ipsilateral sternocleidomastoid muscle's sternal division, a common cause of tension headaches, particularly those felt around the eyes & sinuses.[4]
In animal studies, using four times the therapeutic concentration of the ophthalmic solution Latanoprost, the size of the palpebral fissure can be increased. The condition is reversible. Latanoprost is a prostaglandin F receptor agonist.[5]
See also
References
- ^ "UNSW Embryo- Abnormal Development - Fetal Alcohol Syndrome". Retrieved 2007-12-23.
- ^ Kannan, TP, Hemlatha, S, Ankathil, R, Zilfalil, BA (2009). "Clinical manifestations in trisomy 9". Indian journal of pediatrics 76 (7): 745–6. doi:10.1007/s12098-009-0158-2. PMID 19475342.
- ^ Loeys, BL, Dietz, HC, Braverman, AC, Callewaert, BL, De Backer, J, Devereux, RB, Hilhorst-Hofstee, Y, Jondeau, G et al. (2010). "The revised Ghent nosology for the Marfan syndrome". Journal of Medical Genetics 47 (7): 476–85. doi:10.1136/jmg.2009.072785. PMID 20591885.
- ^ Travell, Janet G. & Simons, David G. Myofascial Pain and Dysfunction: The Trigger Point Manual, 2nd ed. (1999): p. 314. 978-0-683-08363-7.
- ^ United States Food and Drug Administration (Nov. 2006). Xalatan® (latanoprost ophthalmic solution) 0.005% (50 µg/mL). Accessed 5 Feb 2011.
External links
- Facial Neurological Examination from University of Toronto
Head and neck anatomy – accessory visual structures (TA 15.2.7, TH H3.11.08.6, GA 10.1021)
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Eyelid |
- Tarsus
- Medial palpebral ligament
- Epicanthic fold
- Meibomian gland
- Ciliary glands
- Eyelash
- Palpebral fissure
- Canthus
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Lacrimal apparatus |
- Krause's glands
- Lacrimal canaliculi
- Lacrimal caruncle
- Lacrimal gland
- Lacrimal lake
- Lacrimal papilla
- Lacrimal punctum
- Lacrimal sac
- Nasolacrimal duct
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Other |
- Conjunctiva
- Eyebrow
- Extraocular muscles
- Trochlea of superior oblique
- Orbital septum
- Periorbita
- Suspensory ligament of eyeball
- Tenon's capsule
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Description |
- Anatomy
- bones
- muscles
- organs
- neural pathways
- Physiology
- Development
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Disease |
- Congenital
- Neoplasms and cancer
- Other
- Symptoms and signs
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Treatment |
- Procedures
- Drugs
- infection
- glaucoma and miosis
- mydriatics
- vascular
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UpToDate Contents
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English Journal
- The eye of the red-eared slider turtle: morphologic observations and reference values for selected ophthalmic diagnostic tests.
- Somma AT1, Lima L, Lange RR, Turner-Giannico A, Montiani-Ferreira F.
- Veterinary ophthalmology.Vet Ophthalmol.2014 Sep 10. doi: 10.1111/vop.12213. [Epub ahead of print]
- PURPOSE: To perform a descriptive investigation of the red-eared slider turtle (Trachemys scripta elegans) eye, performing selected ophthalmic diagnostic tests with the aim of establishing normal reference values for this species.METHOD: Thirty adult healthy red-eared slider turtles were used to est
- PMID 25209440
- Factors Affecting Eyelid Crease Formation Before and After Silicone Frontalis Suspension for Adult-Onset Myogenic Ptosis.
- Allen RC1, Hong ES, Zimmerman MB, Morrison LA, Nerad JA, Carter KD.
- Ophthalmic plastic and reconstructive surgery.Ophthal Plast Reconstr Surg.2014 Sep 5. [Epub ahead of print]
- PURPOSE:: To evaluate factors that affect eyelid crease formation before and after frontalis suspension.DESIGN:: Nonrandomized, comparative, interventional case series.METHODS:: Sixty-three patients (125 eyes) with myogenic ptosis were included. Data collected included age, gender, previous surgerie
- PMID 25198392
- Phacoemulsification using 8 flexible iris hooks in a patient with a short eye, small pupil, and phacodonesis.
- Kopsachilis N1, Carifi G2.
- Journal of cataract and refractive surgery.J Cataract Refract Surg.2014 Sep;40(9):1408-11. doi: 10.1016/j.jcrs.2014.07.009.
- We describe a technique that uses flexible iris hooks to dilate and stabilize the capsular bag in a patient with a very deep set and small eye, narrow palpebral fissure, shallow anterior chamber, and very small pupil, who was scheduled for routine phacoemulsification for a white cataract. At the tim
- PMID 25135530
Japanese Journal
- Duane症候群様の眼球運動障害を呈した外眼筋炎の一例
- 田巻 梢,中川 真紀,林 孝雄,金子 博行
- 日本視能訓練士協会誌 42(0), 97-101, 2013
- 27歳の女性。内斜視を主訴に来院した。現病歴は5年前に発症した外眼筋炎で他院にてステロイドおよび放射線治療を受けたが改善はみられず、眼位矯正目的で当院を受診した。MRI所見で右眼内外直筋の肥厚を確認した。眼球運動は内外直筋炎症後、筋が拘縮し、さらに付着部周囲が癒着したことで右眼の外転障害、内転時の瞼裂狭小と眼球後退を伴うDuaneI型様の眼球運動障害を呈した。Duane症候群様の病態を呈するもの …
- NAID 130004822843
- 広川 英一
- 視覚の科学 = Japanese journal of visual science 32(3), 59-66, 2012-01-30
- NAID 10030252593
- 福島 隆男,石川 紗織,牧野 邦比古,相場 豊隆,渡邉 徹,平石 哲也,藤原 秀元,桑原 武夫
- 脳卒中 34(4), 255-259, 2012
- 症例は73歳女性.右眼裂の狭小化にて発症.翌日歩行困難,めまい,嘔吐を伴い,3日目に当院救急外来を受診.右Horner徴候,右上下肢に測定障害,顔面を含む左半身の痛覚減弱,右上肢に軽度運動麻痺を認めた.来院数時間後,呼吸状態が不安定となり人工呼吸器管理となった.頭部MRI拡散強調画像において右延髄に梗塞巣を認めた.呼吸障害は遷延し1カ月半以上,人工呼吸器管理を行った.呼吸器離脱後も低酸素・高炭酸ガ …
- NAID 130004873571
Related Links
- fissure [fish´er] 1. a narrow slit or cleft, especially one of the deeper or more constant furrows separating the gyri of the brain. 2. a deep cleft in the ... These include microcephaly, short palpebral fissures, the long smooth philtrum and ...
- fis·sure (fĭsh′ər) n. 1. A long narrow opening; a crack or cleft. 2. The process of splitting or separating; division. 3. A separation into subgroups or ... These include microcephaly, short palpebral fissures, the long smooth philtrum and ...
Related Pictures
★リンクテーブル★
[★]
- 英
- palpebral fissure, palpebral fold
- ラ
- rima palpebrarum
- 同
- 眼瞼皺襞、眼瞼裂
[★]
[★]
- 関
- eyelid、palpebra
[★]
眼瞼
- 関
- eyelid、palpebral