WordNet

cause emotional anguish or make miserable; "It pains me to see my children not being taught well in school" (同)anguish, hurt
a symptom of some physical hurt or disorder; "the patient developed severe pain and distension" (同)hurting
a bothersome annoying person; "that kid is a terrible pain" (同)pain in the neck, nuisance
a somatic sensation of acute discomfort; "as the intensity increased the sensation changed from tickle to pain" (同)pain_sensation, painful sensation
emotional distress; a fundamental feeling that people try to avoid; "the pain of loneliness" (同)painfulness
(physiology) the effect of a stimulus (on nerves or organs etc.)
the act of arousing an organism to action
any stimulating information or event; acts to arouse action (同)stimulus, stimulant, input

PrepTutorEJDIC

〈C〉〈U〉(肉体のある部分の)『苦痛』,『痛み』 / 〈U〉(精神的な)『苦痛』,心痛 / 《複数形で》骨折り,苦労,努力 / 〈C〉不快感,いやな感じ;うんざりさせるもの,やっかい者 / (肉体的・精神的に)…‘に'苦痛を与える(受動態にできない)
刺激,興奮;激励
《補語にのみ用いて》腹を立てて / 《補語にのみ用いて》(心が)鐘ついて / 不愉快な,気まずい
とうちゃん(papa)

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Mood, stop-rules and task persistence: no mood-as-input effects in the context of pain.

Ceulemans K, Karsdorp PA, Vlaeyen JW.SourceDepartment of Clinical Psychological Science, Research Group Behavioral Medicine, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands. Ken.Ceulemans@maastrichtuniversity.nl
Journal of behavior therapy and experimental psychiatry.J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry.2013 Dec;44(4):463-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jbtep.2013.06.002. Epub 2013 Jun 28.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Task persistence despite experiencing pain might be a risk factor for development and maintenance of chronic pain. The Mood-as-Input (MAI) model predicts that the impact of mood on individuals' motivation to persist in a task depends on the interpretation of current mood w
PMID 23850589

Antidepressants suppress neuropathic pain by a peripheral β2-adrenoceptor mediated anti-TNFα mechanism.

Bohren Y, Tessier LH, Megat S, Petitjean H, Hugel S, Daniel D, Kremer M, Fournel S, Hein L, Schlichter R, Freund-Mercier MJ, Yalcin I, Barrot M.SourceInstitut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 67084 Strasbourg, France; Université de Strasbourg, 67084 Strasbourg, France.
Neurobiology of disease.Neurobiol Dis.2013 Dec;60:39-50. doi: 10.1016/j.nbd.2013.08.012. Epub 2013 Aug 23.
Neuropathic pain is pain arising as a direct consequence of a lesion or disease affecting the somatosensory system. It is usually chronic and challenging to treat. Some antidepressants are first-line pharmacological treatments for neuropathic pain. The noradrenaline that is recruited by the action o
PMID 23978467

rhTSH-aided low-activity versus high-activity regimens of radioiodine in residual ablation for differentiated thyroid cancer: a meta-analysis.

Ma C, Tang L, Fu H, Li J, Wang H.SourceaDepartment of Nuclear Medicine, Affiliated Xinhua Hospital School of Medicine Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai bDepartment of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
Nuclear medicine communications.Nucl Med Commun.2013 Dec;34(12):1150-6. doi: 10.1097/MNM.0b013e328365ac05.
The effects of low-activity versus high-activity radioiodine regimens in thyroid remnant ablation for patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) under recombinant human thyrotropin (rhTSH) stimulation have been widely quoted but there has been no systematic review of the evidence. We under
PMID 24025918