optochin

オプトヒン

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2014/03/18 15:37:59」(JST)

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Optochin
IUPAC name (4β,8α,9R)-6'-Ethoxy-10,11-dihydrocinchonan-9-ol
Other names Ethylhydrocupreine
Identifiers
CAS number	522-60-1 Y
PubChem	71542
MeSH	Optochin
ChEMBL	CHEMBL534999 N
Properties
Molecular formula	C21H28N2O2
Molar mass	340.46 g/mol
N (verify) (what is: Y/N?) Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C (77 °F), 100 kPa)
Infobox references

Optochin (or ethylhydrocupreine) is a chemical used in cell culture techniques for the presumptive identification of Streptococcus pneumoniae, which is optochin-sensitive, from other alpha-hemolytic streptococci such as Streptococcus viridans, which are resistant. A common mnemonic is "OVRPS" (Optochin - Viridans [are] Resistant, Pneumoniae [are] Sensitive). Or "VROPS" (Viridans Resistant [to] Optochin, Pneumoniae Sensitive)

The growth of Bacteria that are optochin-sensitive will be inhibited around an optochin disc, while the growth of bacteria that are optochin-resistant will not be affected. In vitro, a solution of as little as 1:10,000,000 may be inhibitory to the pneumococcus, and 1:500,000 is bactericidal.

Resistance

Strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae have been found to be resistant to optochin in laboratory testing.

References

UpToDate Contents

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• 1. 肺炎連鎖球菌の微生物学および病因 microbiology and pathogenesis of streptococcus pneumoniae

English Journal

• Stress-triggered signaling affecting survival or suicide of Streptococcus pneumoniae.

• Cortes PR1, Piñas GE1, Cian MB1, Yandar N1, Echenique J2.
• International journal of medical microbiology : IJMM.Int J Med Microbiol.2015 Jan;305(1):157-69. doi: 10.1016/j.ijmm.2014.12.002. Epub 2014 Dec 9.
• Streptococcus pneumoniae is a major human pathogen that can survive to stress conditions, such as the acidic environment of inflammatory foci, and tolerates lethal pH through a mechanism known as the acid tolerance response. We previously described that S. pneumoniae activates acidic-stress induced
• PMID 25543170

• Late-onset bleb-related endophthalmitis caused by Streptococcus pseudopneumoniae.

• Kawakami H1, Nakane Y, Inuzuka H, Fukagawa T, Muto T, Mochizuki K, Ohkusu K, Suematsu H, Yamagishi Y, Mikamo H.
• International ophthalmology.Int Ophthalmol.2014 Jun;34(3):643-6. doi: 10.1007/s10792-013-9835-2. Epub 2013 Jul 25.
• We report our findings in a 63-year-old male who developed late-onset bleb-related endophthalmitis. The patient had undergone glaucoma surgery 46 years earlier, and had a thin-walled cystic bleb prior to the endophthalmitis in his right eye. He underwent immediate vitrectomy with intravitreal inject
• PMID 23884602

• Feasibility of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) networking in university hospitals in Brussels.

• Martiny D1, Cremagnani P, Gaillard A, Miendje Deyi VY, Mascart G, Ebraert A, Attalibi S, Dediste A, Vandenberg O.
• European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology.Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis.2014 May;33(5):745-54. doi: 10.1007/s10096-013-2006-6. Epub 2013 Nov 7.
• The mutualisation of analytical platforms might be used to address rising healthcare costs. Our study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of networking a unique matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) system for common use in several university hospi
• PMID 24197439

Japanese Journal

• Genetic Characterization of Optochin-Susceptible Viridans Group Streptococci

• ANTONIO J M
• Antimicrob Agents Chemother 47, 3187-3194, 2003
• NAID 30020631655

• Comparative study on the action of various derivatives of cinchona-alkaloids upon the electrically produced ventricular fibrillation of isolated frog's heart

• 厚地 千恵子
• 日本薬理学雑誌 51(3), 218-228,en19, 1955
• … Quinine sulfonic acid, quitenine, hydrochloroquinine, cinchonine, cinchonidine sulfonic acid, apoquinine, optochin, optochin-chloromethylate, quininetetrasulfate, cinchonidine tetrasulfate, all were found to be far less effective. …
• NAID 130001508249

Related Links

• Optochin Susceptibility Test - Intuitive Systems, Inc. - Makers ...

Optochin Susceptibility Test What is the purpose of the test? Optochin is a chemical that is toxic to some bacteria but harmless to others. It is useful in the identification of Streptococcus pneumoniae, the alpha-hemolytic ...

• Optochin Sensitivity Test: Principle, Procedure, expected ...

Streptococcus pneumoniae strains are sensitive to the chemical optochin (ethylhydrocupreine hydrochloride). Optochin sensitivity allows for the presumptive identification of alpha-hemolytic streptococci as S. pneumoniae, although ...

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英

optochin

• 肺炎球菌の分離・同定に用いる
• IUPAC name (6-ethoxy-4-quinolyl)- 5-ethyl-2-quinuclidinyl)methanol
• α溶血性の連鎖球菌のうち、オプトヒン感受性なのは肺炎球菌のみである。