関: branchial mantle、opercular

WordNet

a hard flap serving as a cover for (a) the gill slits in fishes or (b) the opening of the shell in certain gastropods when the body is retracted

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/12/30 22:11:15」(JST)

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1. 神経管欠損および脳室拡大を除く中枢神経系異常の出生前診断 prenatal diagnosis of cns anomalies other than neural tube defects and ventriculomegaly
2. 腸管条虫 intestinal tapeworms

English Journal

Risk of ischemia in glioma surgery: comparison of first and repeat procedures.

Dützmann S, Geßler F, Bink A, Quick J, Franz K, Seifert V, Senft C.SourceDepartment of Neurosurgery, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Schleusenweg 2-16, Frankfurt am Main, 60528, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Stephan.duetzmann@kgu.de.
Journal of neuro-oncology.J Neurooncol.2012 May;107(3):599-607. Epub 2012 Jan 17.
The role of repeat resection in the multimodal treatment of gliomas is unclear. Repeat surgery theoretically carries a higher risk of inducing neurological deficits, which might even out any advantage of cytoreduction. We sought to determine whether the occurrence of perioperative infarction is high
PMID 22249690

Rule and similarity in grammar: Their interplay and individual differences in the brain.

Hauser MF, Hofmann J, Opitz B.AbstractPrevious research on artificial grammar has indicated that the human ability to classify sentences or letter strings according to grammaticality relies on two types of knowledge. One is a superficial, familiarity-based understanding of a grammar the other is the knowledge of rules and critical features underlying a grammar. The fundamentally different characteristics of these systems permit an analysis of receiver-operating characteristics (ROC), which measures the extent to which each type of knowledge is used in grammaticality judgments. Furthermore, violations of a grammar can be divided into hierarchical and local violations. The present study is the first to combine the use of ROC analyses, fMRI and a grammaticality dichotomy. Based on previous neuroimaging studies, it was hypothesized that judgments based on rule knowledge, as extracted from individual ROC analyses, involve the left inferior frontal gyrus (IFG), whereas similarity would involve right IFG, as well as left hippocampal regions. With regards to violation types, it was hypothesized that hierarchical violations would recruit the opercular part of the left IFG as well as the posterior operculum, whereas local violations would bilaterally activate the premotor cortex (PMC). Results indicated that for greater reliance on rule knowledge, a ventral part of the left PMC was activated for ungrammatical items, whereas other PMC areas show a differentiated response for grammaticality for individuals less reliant on similarity. The right IFG was related to ungrammatical items as a function of similarity. Results are discussed with regards to possible error detection systems and differentiated efficiencies for respective classification strategies.
NeuroImage.Neuroimage.2012 May 1;60(4):2019-26. Epub 2012 Feb 18.
Previous research on artificial grammar has indicated that the human ability to classify sentences or letter strings according to grammaticality relies on two types of knowledge. One is a superficial, familiarity-based understanding of a grammar the other is the knowledge of rules and critical featu
PMID 22369994

Japanese Journal

Morphological divergence of Pseudodiaptomus inopinus Burckhardt, 1913 (Copepoda : Calanoida) between the Japan Sea and Pacific coasts of western Japan

ORUI SAKAGUCHI SAKIKO,UEDA HIROSHI
Plankton & benthos research 6(2), 124-128, 2011-05-01
… Differences in females were seen in the posterior processes of the genital operculum, shape of the genital flap, and medial spinules on the first exopodal segment of the fifth leg, and those in males were in the shape of the first exopodal segment of the fifth left leg, and position of the medial process on the third exopodal segment of the fifth right leg. … Among these morphologies, the length of the genital operculum process discretely separated each group, but variations in the other morphometric characters were overlapping. …
NAID 10029655460