関: olfactory epithelium

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of or relating to olfaction (同)olfactive

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嗅覚(きゅうかく)の / 嗅覚器官,鼻

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2012/09/25 22:16:14」(JST)

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The olfactory mucosa is located in the upper region of the nasal cavity and is made up of the olfactory epithelium and the underlying lamina propria, connective tissue containing fibroblasts, blood vessels, Bowman's glands and bundles of fine axons from the olfactory neurons.^[1]

The mucus protects the olfactory epithelium and allows odors to dissolve so that they can be detected by olfactory receptor neurons. Electron microscopy studies show that Bowman's glands contain cells with large secretory vesicles.^[2] The exact composition of the secretions from Bowman's glands is unclear, but there is evidence that Bowman's glands do not produce odorant binding protein.^[3]

In vertebrates, the olfactory epithelium consists of a three basic cell types: bipolar olfactory receptor neurons; sustentacular cells, a type of supporting cell; and basal cells, the stem cells that continuously give rise to new olfactory receptor neurons and sustentacular cells.^[4]

Cells in the olfactory mucosa have been shown to have a degree of plasticity, and hold potential for therapeutic applications.^[4]

Such cells have been used in clinical trials for adult stem cell therapeutic treatments, and successfully harvested for future applications.^[5]

References

^ Moran, David T.; Rowley Jc, 3rd; Jafek, BW; Lovell, MA (1982), "The fine structure of the olfactory mucosa in man", Journal of Neurocytology 11 (5): 721–746, doi:10.1007/BF01153516, PMID 7143026
^ Frisch, Donald (1967), "Ultrastructure of mouse olfactory mucosa.", The American Journal of Anatomy 121 (1): 87–120., doi:10.1002/aja.1001210107, PMID 6052394
^ Tegoni, Mariella; Pelosi, P; Vincent, F; Spinelli, S; Campanacci, V; Grolli, S; Ramoni, R; Cambillau, C (2000), "Mammalian odorant binding proteins", Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 1482 (1–2): 229–240., 1967, doi:10.1016/S0167-4838(00)00167-9, PMID 11058764
^ ^a ^b Schwob, James E. (2002), "Neural Regeneration and the Peripheral Olfactory System", The Anatomical Record 269 (1): 33–49, doi:10.1002/ar.10047, PMID 11891623
^ Eskitis Institute for Cell and Molecular Therapies

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1. 味覚および嗅覚障害の解剖学および病因 anatomy and etiology of taste and smell disorders
2. 味覚および嗅覚障害の評価および治療 evaluation and treatment of taste and smell disorders
3. 自由生活アメーバ free living amebas
4. 副鼻腔癌 paranasal sinus cancer
5. 頭頸部腫瘍の病理 pathology of head and neck neoplasms

English Journal

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Yunus J1, Setsu T1, Kikkawa S1, Sakisaka T2, Terashima T3.
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Transplanted human adipose tissue-derived stem cells engraft and induce regeneration in mice olfactory neuroepithelium in response to dichlobenil subministration.

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