出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2017/04/18 07:50:50」(JST)
| Occipital neuralgia | |
|---|---|
| Classification and external resources | |
| ICD-10 | G52.8,[1] R51,[2] G44.847 |
| ICD-9-CM | 723.8 |
|
[edit on Wikidata]
|
|
Occipital neuralgia, also known as C2 neuralgia or, rarely, Arnold's neuralgia, is a medical condition characterized by chronic pain in the upper neck, back of the head and behind the eyes. These areas correspond to the locations of the lesser and greater occipital nerves. Wrapped around the greater occipital nerve is the occipital artery, which can contribute to the neuralgia. The condition is also sometimes characterized by diminished sensation in the affected area.
The main symptom of occipital neuralgia is chronic headache. The pain is commonly localized in the back and around or over the top of the head, sometimes up to the eyebrow or behind the eye. Because chronic headaches are a common symptom of numerous conditions, occipital neuralgia is often misdiagnosed at first, most commonly as tension headaches or migraines, leading to unsuccessful treatment attempts. Another symptom is sensitivity to light, especially when headaches occur.[citation needed]
Occipital neuralgia is characterized by severe pain that begins in the upper neck and back of the head. This pain is typically one-sided, although it can be on both sides if both occipital nerves have been affected. Additionally, the pain may radiate forward toward the eye as it follows the path of the occipital nerve(s). Individuals may notice blurred vision as the pain radiates near or behind the eye. The pain is commonly described as sharp, shooting, zapping, an electric shock, or stabbing. The bouts of pain are rarely consistent, but can occur frequently depending on the damage to the nerves. The amount of time the pain lasts typically varies each time the symptom appears; it may last a few seconds or be almost continuous. Occipital neuralgia can last for hours or for several days.
Other symptoms of occipital neuralgia may include:
Occipital neuralgia is caused by damage to the occipital nerves, which can arise from trauma (usually concussive), physical stress on the nerve, repetitive neck contraction, flexion or extension, or as a result of medical complications (such as osteochondroma, a benign bone tumour). A rare cause is a cerebrospinal fluid leak.[3] Another is radio frequency nerve ablation[4]. Rarely, occipital neuralgia may be a symptom of metastasis of certain cancers to the spine.[5] Among other cranial neuropathies, Occipital Neuralgia is also known to occur in patients with Multiple Sclerosis.[6]
There are several areas that have the potential to cause injury from compression:
The diagnosis is established clinically through characteristic anamnestic information (mostly short attacks of an intense sharp, piercing or electrifying pain with propagation along the occipital nerve from the lateral neck and under/behind the ear towards the side of the head and the eye, with often longer lasting background pain) and sometimes supporting clinical features (positive Hoffmann's sign, Dysesthesia).
There are a wide range of other non-invasive treatments, including physical therapy, rest, heat, anti-inflammatory medication, antidepressants, anti-convulsants, opioid and non-opioid analgesics, and migraine prophylaxis medication. Other alternatives include local nerve block, peripheral nerve stimulation, steroids, rhizotomy, phenol injections, and occipital cryoneurolysis. Other less common forms of surgical neurolysis or microdecompression are also used to treat the condition when conservative measures fail.[citation needed]
|title= at position 37 (help)Frei R. Large study: Frequent nausea worsens migraine severity. Pain Med News 2011;9(8):1– 20.
Liang, H. Occipital Neuralgia as a presenting symptom of gastic cancer metastasis. Imaging in Headache Medicine, April 2012. Saladin, Kenneth S. "Chapter 13: The Spinal Cord, Spinal Nerves, and Somatic Reflexes." Anatomy & Physiology: The Unity of Form and Function. 12th ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill, 2012. N. pag. Print.
Stedman, Thomas Lathrop. Stedman's Medical Dictionary—27th Edition Illustrated in Color. 27th ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2000. 1206+. Print.
Williamson et al. The Journal of Headache and Pain 2013, 1(Suppl 1):P65 http://www.thejournalofheadacheandpain.com/content/1/S1/P65
http://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/neurology_neurosurgery/specialty_areas/headache/conditions/occipital_neuralgia.html
Headache (G43–G44, 339, 346)
|
|||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Primary |
|
||||||||||||||
| Secondary |
|
||||||||||||||
| ICHD 13 |
|
||||||||||||||
| Other |
|
||||||||||||||
全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.
English, SpanishTITLE: Neuralgia occipital: caracteristicas clinicas y terapeuticas de una serie de 14 pacientes.Introduccion. La neuralgia occipital es un dolor en la distribucion de los nervios occipitales, acompañado de hipersensibilidad al tacto en el territorio correspondiente. Objetivo
| 関連記事 | 「occipital」 |