オリーブ核
WordNet
- a part of the cell containing DNA and RNA and responsible for growth and reproduction (同)cell_nucleus, karyon
- (astronomy) the center of the head of a comet; consists of small solid particles of ice and frozen gas that vaporizes on approaching the sun to form the coma and tail
- any histologically identifiable mass of neural cell bodies in the brain or spinal cord
- the positively charged dense center of an atom
PrepTutorEJDIC
- 中心,核 / (生物の)細胞核 / 原子核
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』「2015/07/11 15:32:51」(JST)
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Olivary body |
The medulla, showing the olivary bodies lying adjacent to the pyramids.
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Transverse section of medulla oblongata below the middle of the olive.
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Details |
Latin |
oliva |
Part of |
Medulla |
Identifiers |
Gray's |
p.781 |
MeSH |
A08.186.211.132.810.406.574 |
Dorlands
/Elsevier |
o_02/12589442 |
Anatomical terms of neuroanatomy |
In anatomy, the olivary bodies or simply olives (Latin oliva and olivae, singular and plural, respectively) are a pair of prominent oval structures in the medulla oblongata, the lower portion of the brainstem. They contain the olivary nuclei.
Contents
- 1 Structure
- 2 Additional images
- 3 External links
- 4 References
Structure
The olivary body is located on the anterior surface of the medulla lateral to the pyramid, from which it is separated by the antero-lateral sulcus and the fibers of the hypoglossal nerve.
Behind (dorsally), it is separated from the postero-lateral sulcus by the ventral spinocerebellar fasciculus. In the depression between the upper end of the olive and the pons lies the vestibulocochlear nerve.
In humans, it measures about 1.25 cm. in length, and between its upper end and the pons there is a slight depression to which the roots of the facial nerve are attached.
The external arcuate fibers wind across the lower part of the pyramid and olive and enter the inferior peduncle.
Olivary nuclei
The olive consists of two parts:
- The inferior olivary nucleus (or 'complex'), which is a part of the olivo-cerebellar system and is mainly involved in cerebellar motor-learning and function.
- The superior olivary nucleus, considered part of the pons and part of the auditory system, aiding the perception of sound.
The inferior olive in itself is divided to 3 main nuclei:
- The primary olivary nucleus (PO) which consist of the major laminar structure.
- The medial accessory olivary nucleus (MAO) lies between the primary olivary nucleus and the pyramid, and forms a curved lamina, the concavity of which is directed laterally.
- The dorsal accessory olivary nucleus (DAO) is the smallest, and appears on transverse section as a curved lamina behind the primary olivary nucleus.
Small additional inferior olivary structures consist of the dorsal cap of Kooy and the ventrolateral outgrowth.
Additional images
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Schematic representation of the chief ganglionic categories (I to V).
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Superficial dissection of brain-stem. Lateral view.
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Deep dissection of brain-stem. Lateral view.
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Deep dissection of brain-stem. Lateral view.
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Deep dissection of brain-stem. Ventral view.
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Section of the medulla oblongata at about the middle of the olive.
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Diagram showing the course of the arcuate fibers.
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The formatio reticularis of the medulla oblongata, shown by a transverse section passing through the middle of the olive.
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Dissection showing the projection fibers of the cerebellum.
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Basal view of a human brain
External links
- Gray's s187 (primary source for article)
- Stained brain slice images which include the "Olivary%20nucleus" at the BrainMaps project
References
This article incorporates text in the public domain from the 20th edition of Gray's Anatomy (1918)
Anatomy of the medulla
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Grey matter |
Cranial nuclei |
afferent: |
- Solitary nucleus
- tract
- Dorsal respiratory group
- Gustatory nucleus
- Vestibular nuclei
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efferent: |
- Hypoglossal nucleus
- Nucleus ambiguus
- Dorsal nucleus of vagus nerve
- Inferior salivatory nucleus
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Dorsal |
- Gracile nucleus
- Cuneate nucleus
- Accessory cuneate nucleus
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Ventral |
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- Ventral respiratory group
- Arcuate nucleus of medulla
- Rostral ventromedial medulla
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White matter |
Dorsal |
- Sensory
- Sensory decussation
- Medial lemniscus
- Juxtarestiform body
- Ascending dorsal longitudinal fasciculus
- Medial longitudinal fasciculus
- Motor
- Descending dorsal longitudinal fasciculus
- Medial longitudinal fasciculus
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Ventral |
- Descending tracts
- Olivocerebellar tract
- Rubro-olivary tract
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Surface |
Front |
- Pyramid
- decussation
- Anterior median fissure
- Anterolateral sulcus
- Olive
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Back |
- Posterior median sulcus
- Posterolateral sulcus
- Area postrema
- Vagal trigone
- Hypoglossal trigone
- Medial eminence
- Inferior cerebellar peduncle
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Grey |
- Reticular formation
- Gigantocellular
- Parvocellular
- Ventral
- Lateral
- Paramedian
- Raphe nuclei
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Index of the central nervous system
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Description |
- Anatomy
- meninges
- cortex
- association fibers
- commissural fibers
- lateral ventricles
- basal ganglia
- diencephalon
- mesencephalon
- pons
- cerebellum
- medulla
- spinal cord
- Physiology
- Development
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Disease |
- Cerebral palsy
- Meningitis
- Demyelinating diseases
- Seizures and epilepsy
- Headache
- Stroke
- Sleep
- Congenital
- Injury
- Neoplasms and cancer
- Other
- Symptoms and signs
- head and neck
- eponymous
- lesions
- Tests
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Treatment |
- Procedures
- Drugs
- general anesthetics
- analgesics
- addiction
- epilepsy
- cholinergics
- migraine
- Parkinson's
- vertigo
- other
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UpToDate Contents
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English Journal
- Distribution of CGRP in the minipig brainstem.
- Lisardo Sánchez M1, Vecino E, Coveñas R.
- Microscopy research and technique.Microsc Res Tech.2014 May;77(5):374-84. doi: 10.1002/jemt.22355. Epub 2014 Mar 8.
- For the first time, an in-depth study has been made of the distribution of fibers and cell bodies containing calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) in the minipig brainstem using an indirect immunoperoxidase technique. The animals studied were not treated with colchicine. Cell bodies containing CGRP
- PMID 24610802
- Distribution of methionine-enkephalin in the minipig brainstem.
- Sánchez ML1, Vecino E, Coveñas R.
- Journal of chemical neuroanatomy.J Chem Neuroanat.2013 May;50-51:1-10. doi: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2013.03.002. Epub 2013 Mar 25.
- We have studied the distribution of immunoreactive cell bodies and axons are containing methionine-enkephalin in the minipig brainstem. Immunoreactive axons were widely distributed, whereas the distribution of perikarya was less widespread. A high or moderate density of axons containing methionine-e
- PMID 23538385
- Immunohistochemical features of dystrophic axons in Papillon dogs with neuroaxonal dystrophy.
- Nibe K1, Nakayama H, Uchida K.
- Veterinary pathology.Vet Pathol.2009 May;46(3):474-83. doi: 10.1354/vp.08-VP-0156-U-FL. Epub 2009 Jan 27.
- The immunohistochemical features of dystrophic axons in brain tissues of Papillon dogs with neuroaxonal dystrophy (NAD) were examined in comparison with 1 dog with cerebellar cortical abiotrophy (CCA) and a dog without neurologic signs. Histologically, many dystrophic axons were observed throughout
- PMID 19176506
Japanese Journal
- 血管迷走神経反射におけるアドレナリンの脳血流に及ぼす影響 : ネコを使用した血管迷走神経反射の実験的モデル
- 正木 義男,渡辺 道隆,古川 朋靖,加納 昭彦,山谷 千恵美,市川 銀一郎,住吉 正孝
- Equilibrium research 57(5), 529-535, 1998-10-01
- … The regional blood flows in the nucleus vestibularis, nucleus olivaris inferior and nucleus fastigii were measured by the hydrogen clearance method. …
- NAID 10008711575
- Distribution of Monoamine Oxidase-Containing Neurons in the Grass Parakeet (Melopsittacus undulatus) Brain
- SAKAI Kazuyoshi,KARASAWA Nobuyuki,YAMADA Keiki,ARAI Ryouhachi,NAGATSU Ikuko
- Acta histochemica et cytochemica 29(4), 319-326, 1996-08-01
- … MAO-containing neurons were located in the nucleus locus coeruleus, around the nucleus n. … facialis (nVII), lateral region to the nucleus olivaris inferior and nucleus tractus solitarius, where noradrenaline neurons exist. … Another group was located in the ventral region of nervi oculomotorii, caudal region of nucleus n. …
- NAID 10008605802
- Parvalbumin-like immunoreactivity in the human central auditory system.
- SETO-OHSHIMA AKIKO,AOKI EIKO,OMORI AKIRA,TADA TOYOHIRO,MIZUTANI AKIRA
- ACTA HISTOCHEMICA ET CYTOCHEMICA 25(1/2), 153-159, 1992
- … In the auditory pathway, the nervus vestibulocochlearis, striae acusticae, nuclei cochlearis ventralis et dorsalis, nucleus medialis olivaris superioris, lemniscus lateralis, nuclei lemniscus lateralis ventralis et dorsalis and colliculus inferior were found to contain immunopositive neurons and/or fibers. … The nucleus lateralis olivaris superioris and nucleus medialis corporis trapezoidei in the human are difficult to localize. …
- NAID 130000933126
Related Links
- nuclei olivares inferiores ... The inferior olivary nucleus is the largest nucleus situated in the olivary body, part of the medulla oblongata. ... Olivocerebellar fibers are neurons that have their cell bodies in the inferior olivary nucleus. Their axons ...
- Die Nuclei olivares (dt. „Olivenkerne“) sind zwei Kerngebiete im verlängerten Mark, einem Teil des Hirnstamms. Man unterscheidet die obere und die untere Olive (Nucleus olivaris superior bzw. Nucleus olivaris inferior).
★リンクテーブル★
[★]
- 英
- olivary nucleus, olivary nuclei
- ラ
- nucleus olivaris
- 同
- 下オリーブ核 inferior olivary nucleus nucleus olivaris inferior
入力
出力
機能
[★]
オリーブ核
- 関
- nucleus olivaris、olivary nucleus