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The maxillary nerve (CN V₂) is one of the three branches or divisions of the trigeminal nerve, the fifth (V) cranial nerve. It comprises the principal functions of sensation from the maxillary, nasal cavity, sinuses, the palate and subsequently that of the mid-face,^[1] and is intermediate, both in position and size, between the ophthalmic nerve and the mandibular nerve.^[2] Its function is the transmission of sensory fibers from the maxillary teeth, the skin between the palpebral fissure and the mouth, and from the nasal cavity and sinuses.^[3]

Structure

It begins at the middle of the trigeminal ganglion as a flattened plexiform band, and, passing horizontally forward, it leaves the skull through the foramen rotundum, where it becomes more cylindrical in form, and firmer in texture. It then crosses the pterygopalatine fossa, inclines lateralward on the back of the maxilla, and enters the orbit through the inferior orbital fissure. It then runs forward on the floor of the orbit, at first in the infraorbital groove and then in the infraorbital canal remaining outside the periosteum of the orbit. It then emerges on the face through the infraorbital foramen and terminates by dividing into palpebral, lateral nasal and labial branches. The nerve is accompanied by the infraorbital branch of (the third part of) the maxillary artery and the accompanying vein.

Branches

Its branches may be divided into four groups, depending upon where they branch off: in the cranium, in the pterygopalatine fossa, in the infraorbital canal, or on the face.

In the cranium

Middle meningeal nerve in the meninges

From the pterygopalatine fossa

Zygomatic nerve (zygomaticotemporal nerve, zygomaticofacial nerve), through the Zygomatic foramen
Nasopalatine nerve, through the sphenopalatine foramen
Posterior superior alveolar nerve
Greater and lesser palatine nerves
Pharyngeal nerve

In the infraorbital canal

Middle superior alveolar nerve
Anterior superior alveolar nerve
Infraorbital nerve

On the face

Inferior palpebral nerve
Superior labial nerve

Function

The Maxillary nerve gives cutaneous branches to the face. It also carries parasympathetic preganglionic fibers (sphenopalatine) and postganglionic fibers (zygomatic, greater and lesser palatine and nasopalatine) to and from the pterigopalatine ganglion.

Additional Images

Maxillary nerve

References

This article incorporates text in the public domain from the 20th edition of Gray's Anatomy (1918)

^ Monkhouse, Stanley (2006)., page 5, Table 1.1 - "Synopsis of cranial nerves"
^ Illustrated Anatomy of the Head and Neck, Fehrenbach and Herring, Elsevier, 2012, page 180
^ Monkhouse, Stanley (2006)., page 56, Section 9.1 - Functions

Books

Monkhouse, Stanley (2006). Cranial nerves - functional anatomy. Cambridge. ISBN 0-521-61537-2.

Feneis, Heinz; Dauber, Wolfgang (2007). Pocket Atlas of Human Anatomy (5th ed.). Thieme. pp. 400–401.

External links

MedEd at Loyola GrossAnatomy/h_n/cn/cn1/cnb2.htm
cranialnerves at The Anatomy Lesson by Wesley Norman (Georgetown University) (VII)

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English Journal

[Vesalius' Fabrica and the anatomy of the masticatory system].

Gysel C.
Verhandelingen - Koninklijke Academie voor Geneeskunde van België.Verh K Acad Geneeskd Belg.1993;55(6):577-607.
In this Tabulae sex, Vesalius does not dare contradict Galenus views too definitely: in the upper jaw he counts fifteen bones amongst which the Os intermaxillare, and two bones in the Mandibula. In the Fabrica, he maintains the unity of the Mandibula; he denies the presence in man of the Os intermax
PMID 8209579

[Vesalius and the nervous system].

Van Laere J.
Verhandelingen - Koninklijke Academie voor Geneeskunde van België.Verh K Acad Geneeskd Belg.1993;55(6):533-76.
Before we comment the subject of this lecture, we attract the reader's attention towards two remarks. We first want to point out that, although Vesalius is rightly considered as "the father of anatomy", in physiological matters--such as e.g. the physiology of the nervous system--he remained a faithf
PMID 8209578

Japanese Journal

ウナギノエラブタキコウニカンスルカイボウガクテキケンキュウ

NAKAMURA Kaworu,MUSHIAKE Kei-ichi,ナカムラカオル,ムシアケケイイチ,中村薫,虫明敬一
鹿児島大学水産学部紀要=Memoirs of Faculty of Fisheries Kagoshima University 31, 103-111, 1982-12-25
… The former isinnervated by each branch of the ramus maxillaris and r.facialis of the nervus trigeminus. …
NAID 120004139371

Cranial Nerves of the Common Catfish, <I>Clarias batrachus</I> (LINN.)

SAXENA P.K.
魚類学雑誌 14(1-3), 91-98_5, 1966
… The nervus olfactorius is thin and small, since the olfactory bulb lies just behind the olfactory rosette. … The nervus opticus enters the orbit through the optic foramen bounded by the parasphenoid and pleurosphenoid. … The ramus maxillaris supplies the maxillary barbel and the upper jaw. … Anastomosis exists between ramus maxillaris and ramus buccalis. …
NAID 130003825857

The Cranial Nerves of <I>Mastacembelus armatus</I> (LACÉPÈDE)

MAHESHWARI S. C.
魚類学雑誌 12(3-6), 89-98, 1965
… The nervus olfactorius is well developed, owing to the olfactory lobe being situated close to the cerebrum. … The nervus opticus enters its orbit through the recess between the pleuro sphenoids. … The nervus oculomotorius and nervus trochlearis come out of the cranium through separate foramina in the pleurosphenoid. …
NAID 130004018425

Related Pictures

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「上顎神経」
関連記事	「nervus」

「上顎神経」

Maxillary nerve
	Alveolar branches of superior maxillary nerve and pterygopalatine ganglion.
	Distribution of the maxillary and mandibular nerves, and the submaxillary ganglion.
Details
From	Trigeminal nerve
To	Infraorbital nerve, zygomatic nerve, posterior superior alveolar nerve, palatine nerve, nasopalatine nerve, sphenopalatine ganglion
Identifiers
Latin	Nervus maxillaris
MeSH	A08.800.800.120.760.550
TA	A14.2.01.037
FMA	52724
	Anatomical terms of neuroanatomy [edit on Wikidata]

　　[★]

英: maxillary nerve (KH)
ラ: nervus maxillaris
関: ガッセル神経節

感覚神経ののみからなる

由来

CN V

支配

走行

頭蓋内の三叉神経から分岐し、正円孔を通って頭蓋の外に出る

枝

一般感覚性

臓性感覚性

特殊感覚性

体性運動性

臓性運動性

鰓弓運動性

神経細胞(中枢神経外)

神経細胞(中脳)

神経細胞(橋)

神経細胞(延髄)

神経細胞(脊髄)

○-＜節後ニューロン

頭蓋からの出口

分布と機能

○

三叉神経節

正円孔

上唇を含む上顎部の顔の皮膚、上顎の歯、鼻粘膜、上顎洞、口蓋の感覚

「nervus」

　　[★]

神経

関: nerve、nervi、nervous、neural、neuro、neuron

[1] Monkhouse, Stanley (2006)., page 5, Table 1.1 - "Synopsis of cranial nerves"

[2] Illustrated Anatomy of the Head and Neck, Fehrenbach and Herring, Elsevier, 2012, page 180

[3] Monkhouse, Stanley (2006)., page 56, Section 9.1 - Functions

匿名

検索

案内

案内

nervus maxillaris