WordNet

any bundle of nerve fibers running to various organs and tissues of the body (同)nervus
control of your emotions; "this kind of tension is not good for my nerves"

PrepTutorEJDIC

〈C〉『神経』 / 〈C〉《複数形で》『神経過敏』,いらだち / 〈U〉『勇気』,度胸(courage) / 〈U〉《時にa ~》厚かましさ,ずぶとさ;無礼 / 〈C〉葉脈;(昆虫の)翅脈(しみゃく) / 〈人,特に自分〉‘に'力を与える,‘を'元気づける

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2016/06/30 22:19:00」(JST)

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The nasociliary nerve is a branch of the ophthalmic nerve (CN V1; one of three branches of the trigeminal nerve a.k.a CN V). It is intermediate in size between the two other main branches of the ophthalmic nerve, the frontal nerve and the lacrimal nerve, and is more deeply placed.

Structure

The nasociliary nerve enters the orbit between the two heads of the lateral rectus muscles and between the superior and inferior rami of the oculomotor nerve (CN III). It passes across the optic nerve (CN II) and runs obliquely beneath the superior rectus muscle and superior oblique muscle to the medial wall of the orbital cavity. It passes through the anterior ethmoidal opening as the anterior ethmoidal nerve and enters the cranial cavity just above the cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone. It supplies branches to the mucous membrane of the nasal cavity and finally emerges between the inferior border of the nasal bone and the side nasal cartilages as the external nasal branch.

Function

A branch of the ophthalmic nerve [CN V1] in the superior orbital fissure, passing through the orbit, giving rise to the communicating branch to the ciliary ganglion, the long ciliary nerves, the posterior and anterior ethmoidal nerves, and terminating as the infratrochlear and nasal branches, which supply the mucous membrane of the nose, the skin of the tip of the nose, and the conjunctiva.

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Branches

The nasociliary nerve gives off the following branches:

ethmoidal nerves
- anterior ethmoidal nerve
- posterior ethmoidal nerve
infratrochlear nerve
long ciliary nerve
communicating branch to the ciliary ganglion (long root of the ciliary ganglion)

PLICA is a mnemonic often used to remember these branches.

Clinical significance

Testing

Since both the short and long ciliary nerves carry the afferent limb of the corneal blink reflex, one can test the integrity of the nasociliary nerve (and, ultimately, the trigeminal nerve) by examining this reflex in the patient. Normally both eyes should blink when either cornea (not the conjunctiva, which is supplied by the adjacent cutaneous nerves) is irritated. If neither eye blinks, then either the ipsilateral nasociliary nerve is damaged, or the facial nerve (CN VII, which carries the efferent limb of this reflex) is bilaterally damaged. If only the contralateral eye blinks, then the ipsilateral facial nerve is damaged. If only the ipsilateral eye blinks, then the contralateral facial nerve is damaged.

Additional images

Base of the skull. Upper surface.
Plan of oculomotor nerve.
Nerves of the orbit. Seen from above.
Distribution of the maxillary and mandibular nerves, and the submaxillary ganglion.
The sphenopalatine ganglion and its branches.
Dissection showing origins of right ocular muscles, and nerves entering by the superior orbital fissure.
Pathways in the Ciliary Ganglion.
Extrinsic eye muscle. Nerves of orbita. Deep dissection.
Extrinsic eye muscle. Nerves of orbita. Deep dissection.

References

This article incorporates text in the public domain from the 20th edition of Gray's Anatomy (1918)

^ http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/nasociliary+nerve

External links

Anatomy figure: 29:03-08 at Human Anatomy Online, SUNY Downstate Medical Center - "A deeper dissection of the right orbit from a superior approach."
lesson9 at The Anatomy Lesson by Wesley Norman (Georgetown University) (nasalseptumner)
cranialnerves at The Anatomy Lesson by Wesley Norman (Georgetown University) (V)
MedEd at Loyola GrossAnatomy/h_n/cn/cn1/cnb1.htm

UpToDate Contents

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1. 成人における第三脳神経（動眼神経）麻痺 third cranial nerve oculomotor nerve palsy in adults
2. 神経伝導検査の概要 overview of nerve conduction studies
3. 下肢末梢神経症候群の概要 overview of lower extremity peripheral nerve syndromes
4. 上肢末梢神経症候群の概要 overview of upper extremity peripheral nerve syndromes
5. 小児における第3脳神経（動眼神経）麻痺 third cranial nerve oculomotor nerve palsy in children

English Journal

The normal and variant clinical anatomy of the sensory supply of the orbit.

Voirol JR1, Vilensky JA.
Clinical anatomy (New York, N.Y.).Clin Anat.2014 Mar;27(2):169-75. doi: 10.1002/ca.22328. Epub 2014 Jan 16.
Orbital and retro-orbital pain are relatively common clinical conditions that are associated with such disorders as trigeminal, lacrimal, and ciliary neuralgia, cluster headaches, paroxysmal hemicrania, inflammatory orbital pseudotumor, trochleitis, and herpetic neuralgia ophthalmicus, thus making t
PMID 24430947

Perineural tumor spread along the nasociliary branch of the ophthalmic nerve: imaging findings.

Shah K1, Esmaeli B, Ginsberg LE.
Journal of computer assisted tomography.J Comput Assist Tomogr.2013 Mar-Apr;37(2):282-5. doi: 10.1097/RCT.0b013e31827cd39e.
Perineural spread along the nasociliary branch of the ophthalmic nerve has not been previously described, to our knowledge. One case of cutaneous squamous carcinoma at the medial canthus and another of melanoma of the nasal ala, with nasociliary nerve perineural spread, are illustrated here. Whereas
PMID 23493220

Ciliary ganglion afferents and efferents variations: a possible explanation of postganglionic mydriasis.

Hamel O1, Corre P, Ploteau S, Armstrong O, Rogez JM, Robert R, Hamel A.
Surgical and radiologic anatomy : SRA.Surg Radiol Anat.2012 Dec;34(10):897-902. doi: 10.1007/s00276-012-1000-5. Epub 2012 Oct 18.
PURPOSE: Ciliary ganglion is a pre-visceral vegetative ganglion, relay of ocular bulb vegetative pathways, concerning three types of fibers: parasympathetic, sympathetic and somatosensory. The objective of this study was to describe the different patterns of distribution of those fibers around the c
PMID 23076729

Japanese Journal

Morphological studies on the distribution of the anterior ethmoidal nerve in Japanese adults and fetuses.

吉田章男
日本医科大学雑誌 57(5), 465-475, 1990
… The anterior ethmodial nerve (a.e.n.) was examined in 10 human adults (40-89 years old) and 5 fetuses (7 months). … arises from the nasociliar nerve, which is the first division of the trigeminal nerve. … was 1 to 3 (1.45 on average) when they arose from the nasociliary nerve in the adults.<BR>ii. …
NAID 130003918362

Innervation of the Orbital Muscle of the Mouse

YAMASHITA TOSHIO,TAKAHASHI AKIRA,TANAKA HIROMASA,HONJIN RYOHEI
Okajimas Folia Anatomica Japonica 58(4-6), 543-553, 1982
… The light microscopy of serial sections with the photographi csilver method indicates that the orbital muscle is supplied with unmyelinated nerve fibers passing through each branch of the retro-orbital nerve plexus, the anterior ethmoidal nerve, and the zygomaticofacial nerve. … The nerve fibers form a nerve plexus on both the orbital and bulbar surfaces of the muscle belly. …
NAID 130004650124

Related Pictures

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「鼻毛様体神経」
関連記事	「nerve」

「鼻毛様体神経」

Nasociliary nerve
	Nerves of the orbit, and the ciliary ganglion. Side view. (Nasociliary is at center.)
	Nerves of septum of nose. Right side. (Nasociliary is rightmost yellow line.)
Details
From	Ophthalmic nerve
To	long root of the ciliary ganglion, the long ciliary nerves, the infratrochlear nerve, and the ethmoidal nerves
Identifiers
Latin	nervus nasociliaris
Dorlands; /Elsevier	n_05/12566272
TA	A14.2.01.025
FMA	52668
	Anatomical terms of neuroanatomy [edit on Wikidata]