WordNet

make ones way by force; "He muscled his way into the office"
animal tissue consisting predominantly of contractile cells (同)muscular_tissue
one of the contractile organs of the body (同)musculus
authority or power or force (especially when used in a coercive way); "the senators used their muscle to get the party leader to resign"

PrepTutorEJDIC

〈U〉(動物体の組織としての)『筋肉』,筋(きん);〈C〉(体の各部を動かす)筋肉 / 〈U〉力,(特に)筋力,腕力 / 《俗に》(…に)強引に割り込む《+『in on』(『into, through』)+『名』》
筋肉の,筋力のある / 力ずくの

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/11/28 16:29:59」(JST)

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The mylohyoid muscle is a paired muscle running from the mandible to the hyoid bone, forming the floor of the oral cavity of the mouth.^[1] It is named after its two attachments near the molar teeth ("mylo" comes from the Greek word for "molar").^[2] These muscles are mesodermal in embryologic origin. The mylohyoid muscle is derived from the first pharyngeal arch.

Structure

The mylohyoid muscle is flat and triangular, and is situated immediately superior to the anterior belly of the digastric muscle. It is a pharyngeal muscle (derived from the first pharyngeal arch) and classified as one of the suprahyoid muscles. Together, the paired mylohyoid muscles form a muscular floor for the oral cavity of the mouth.^[3]

The two mylohyoid muscles arise from the mandible at the mylohyoid line, which extends from the mandibular symphysis in front to the last molar tooth behind. The posterior fibers pass inferomedially and insert at anterior surface of the hyoid bone. The medial fibres of the two mylohyoid muscles unite in a midline raphe (where the two muscles intermesh).^[4]

The mylohyoid muscle separates the sublingual space from the submandibular space, which communicate in a lateral gap between the mylohyoid and geniohyoid muscles.^[5] The submandibular gland wraps around the edges of the mylohyoid, and is divided into superficial and deep lobes above and below the muscle.^[6]

Innervation

The mylohyoid muscle is innervated by a branch of the mandibular nerve, the inferior alveolar nerve. A specific branch of this nerve, the mylohyoid nerve, emerges to give motor supply to the muscle.^[1]

Variations

The mylohyoid may be united to or replaced by the anterior belly of the digastric muscle; accessory slips to other hyoid muscles are frequent. This median raphé is sometimes absent; the fibers of the two muscles are then continuous.^{[citation needed]}

An area of herniation of the sublingual gland, blood vessels, or fat, may be present, with studies reporting this in 10-50% of people.^[5]

Function

The mylohyoid elevates the hyoid and the tongue. This is particularly important during swallowing and speaking. Alternatively, if other muscles are used to keep the position of the hyoid fixed, then the mylohoid depresses the mandible.^[1] It also functions as reinforcing the floor of mouth.^[1]

Clinical relevance

The mylohyoid may be imaged by CT or MRI.^[5] The mylohyoid separates the submandibular space below from the sublingual space above. Around the posterior border of mylohoid, these spaces communicate. Infections, especially odontogenic infections can spread from one space to the other via this communication, or alternatively penetrate the mylohyoid which is a poor barrier to the spread of infection. Because the attachment of mylohyoid (the mylohoid line) becomes more superior towards the posterior of the mandible, posterior infected teeth are more likely to drain into the mandibular space, and infected anterior teeth are more likely to drain into the sublingual space, since the apices of the teeth are more likely to be below and above the mylohoid line respectively (see diagram).

Additional images

Anterior view
Medial view
The origin of the mylohyoid muscle, inferior view.
The insertion of the mylohyoid muscle on the hyoid bone.
Hyoid bone. Anterior surface. Enlarged.
Mylohyoid muscle

Notes

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Drake, Vogl & Tibbitts 2005, p. 987.
^ http://www.anatomy.usyd.edu.au/glossary/glossary.cgi?page=m^{[full citation needed]}
^ Herring & Fehrenbach 2013, p. 212.
^ Drake, Vogl & Tibbitts 2005, pp. 987–8.
^ ^a ^b ^c Otonari-Yamamoto, Mika; Nakajima, Koh; Tsuji, Yuriko; Otonari, Takamichi; Curtin, Hugh D.; Okano, Tomohiro; Sano, Tsukasa (2010). "Imaging of the Mylohyoid Muscle: Separation of Submandibular and Sublingual Spaces". American Journal of Roentgenology 194 (5): W431–8. doi:10.2214/AJR.09.3516. PMID 20410390.
^ Drake, Vogl & Tibbitts 2005, p. 997.

References

Drake, Richard L.; Vogl, Wayne; Tibbitts, Adam W.M. Mitchell (2005). Gray's anatomy for students. Philadelphia: Elsevier/Churchill Livingstone. ISBN 978-0-443-06612-2.
Herring, Margaret J.; Fehrenbach, Susan W. (2013). Illustrated anatomy of the head and neck (4th ed.). St. Louis, MO: Elsevier/Saunders. ISBN 978-1-4377-2419-6.
This article incorporates text in the public domain from the 20th edition of Gray's Anatomy (1918)

External links

-1456144304 at GPnotebook
Anatomy diagram: 25420.000-1 at Roche Lexicon - illustrated navigator, Elsevier

UpToDate Contents

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1. 筋力低下の評価における筋力検査 muscle examination in the evaluation of weakness
2. 慢性閉塞性肺疾患（COPD）における呼吸筋のトレーニングおよび安静 respiratory muscle training and resting in copd
3. 筋力低下患者へのアプローチ approach to the patient with muscle weakness
4. 筋肉におけるエネルギー代謝 energy metabolism in muscle
5. 糖尿病性筋梗塞 diabetic muscle infarction

English Journal

Gene and protein expressions of vimentin and desmin during embryonic development of the mylohyoid muscle.

Kishi A, Yamamoto M, Kikuchi A, Iwanuma O, Watanabe Y, Ide Y, Abe S.SourceDepartment of Anatomy, Tokyo Dental College, 1-2-2 Masago, Mihama-ku, Chiba, 261-8502, Japan, kishiasuka@tdc.ac.jp.
Anatomical science international.Anat Sci Int.2012 Sep;87(3):126-31. Epub 2012 Apr 3.
Meckel's cartilage is known to be involved in formation of the prenatal mandible. However, the relationship between Meckel's cartilage and the embryonic mylohyoid muscle during growth and development has been investigated only rarely. This study examined the expression of intermediate filaments in M
PMID 22476899

Japanese Journal

口腔内より摘出した口底に発生した巨大な類皮嚢胞の1例

中野雅哉,足立守安,木村俊介,片山良子,小熊哲史
日本口腔外科学会雑誌 59(8), 542-545, 2013
… In this patient, CT and MRI showed a cystic lesion involving the floor of the mouth and revealed penetration of the mylohyoid muscle in the midline. … Several reports have described using intraoral and extraoral approaches in patients with cysts extending over and under the mylohyoid muscle. …
NAID 130004707982

Gene and protein expressions of vimentin and desmin during embryonic development of the mylohyoid muscle

KISHI Asuka,YAMAMOTO Masahito,KIKUCHI Akihito,IWANUMA Osamu,WATANABE Yutaka,IDE Yoshinobu,ABE Shinichi
Anatomical science international 87(3), 126-131, 2012-09-01
NAID 10031167928

二次性Burning Mouth Syndromeに筋膜トリガーポイントマッサージ療法を適応した一例

原節宏,滑川初枝
日本口腔顔面痛学会雑誌 4(1), 1_63-70, 2011
症例の概要：患者は33歳女性．主訴：約1年前より顎部，頬部，側頭部，頚部，肩部の自発痛，約6ヶ月前より舌の辺縁部の自発痛およびしびれ感，目の奥の痛み，味覚障害を自覚．整形外科，脳神経外科，耳鼻咽喉科，眼科を受診するも異常所見は認められず，歯科にて加療するも改善なく，当院顎関節症診療センターを受診した．初診時の味覚感度は塩味，酸味，苦味について舌全域で4～6を示し，味覚の低下が認められた．また，舌に …
NAID 130004953524

Related Pictures

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「顎舌骨筋」
関連記事	「muscle」

「顎舌骨筋」

Mylohyoid muscle
	Muscles of the neck seen from the front (mylohyoid muscle colored in bright red)
	Surface anatomy of the neck seen from the front (mylohyoid muscle labeled at right, second from top)
Details
Latin	Musculus mylohyoideus
Origin	Mylohyoid line (mandible)
Insertion	Body of hyoid bone and median ridge
Artery	Mylohyoid branch of inferior alveolar artery
Nerve	Mylohyoid nerve, from inferior alveolar branch of mandibular nerve
Actions	Raises oral cavity floor, elevates hyoid, elevates tongue, depresses mandible
Identifiers
Gray's	p.393
Dorlands; /Elsevier	m_22/12549818
TA	A04.2.03.006
FMA	46320
	Anatomical terms of muscle

　　[★]

英: mylohyoid (K), mylohyoid muscle
ラ: musculus mylohyoideus
同: 口腔横隔膜 oral diaphragm
関: 舌骨上筋群、頸部筋群

図：N.28,49,55

起始

下顎骨(顎舌骨筋線)

停止

舌骨(舌骨体)

神経

三叉神経の下顎神経（顎舌骨筋神経）

機能

口底と舌の挙上。舌骨の固定時→下顎を下げる

咀嚼や嚥下の際の補助

カテゴリ

舌骨上筋＞:舌骨上筋

「muscle」

　　[★]

n.

筋肉

[FOOTNOTEDrakeVoglTibbitts2005987-1] Drake, Vogl & Tibbitts 2005, p. 987.

[2] ttp://www.anatomy.usyd.edu.au/glossary/glossary.cgi?page=m^{[full citation needed]}

[FOOTNOTEHerringFehrenbach2013212-3] Herring & Fehrenbach 2013, p. 212.

[FOOTNOTEDrakeVoglTibbitts2005987.E2.80.938-4] Drake, Vogl & Tibbitts 2005, pp. 987–8.

[OY2010-5] Otonari-Yamamoto, Mika; Nakajima, Koh; Tsuji, Yuriko; Otonari, Takamichi; Curtin, Hugh D.; Okano, Tomohiro; Sano, Tsukasa (2010). "Imaging of the Mylohyoid Muscle: Separation of Submandibular and Sublingual Spaces". American Journal of Roentgenology 194 (5): W431–8. doi:10.2214/AJR.09.3516. PMID 20410390.

[FOOTNOTEDrakeVoglTibbitts2005997-6] Drake, Vogl & Tibbitts 2005, p. 997.

匿名

検索

案内

案内

mylohyoid muscle