骨髄癆性貧血
WordNet
- a deficiency of red blood cells (同)anaemia
- a lack of vitality (同)anaemia
- genus of terrestrial or lithophytic ferns having pinnatifid fronds; chiefly of tropical America (同)genus Anemia
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』「2014/10/12 13:41:52」(JST)
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Myelophthisic anemia |
Classification and external resources |
ICD-10 |
D61.9 |
ICD-9 |
284.2 |
eMedicine |
med/1562 |
MeSH |
D000750 |
Myelophthisic anemia (or myelophthisis) is a severe kind of anemia found in some people with diseases that affect the bone marrow. Myelophthisis refers to the displacement of hemopoietic bone-marrow tissue into the peripheral blood,[1] either by fibrosis, tumors or granulomas.
Contents
- 1 Causes
- 2 Diagnosis
- 3 Treatment
- 4 Presentation
- 5 Etiology
- 6 See also
- 7 References
- 8 External links
Causes
Myelophthisis can occur in the setting of chronic myeloproliferative disease (e.g. myelofibrosis), leukemia, lymphoma, and metastatic carcinoma or myeloma. It is common in people who have chronic idiopathic myelofibrosis. It has been linked to small-cell lung cancer, breast cancer or prostate cancer that metastasizes to the bone marrow.[2]
Diagnosis
The first test for diagnosis myelophthisis involves looking at a small sample of blood under a microscope. Myelophthisis is suggested by the presence of red blood cells that contain nuclei or are teardrop-shaped (dacryocytes), or immature granulocyte precursor cells which indicates leukoerythroblastosis is occurring because the displaced hematopoietic cells begin to undergo extramedullary hematopoiesis. These immature granulocytes are seen in peripheral blood smears. Diagnosis is confirmed when a bone marrow biopsy demonstrates significant replacement of the normal bone marrow compartment by fibrosis, malignancy or other infiltrative process. The presence of immature blood cell precursors helps distinguish another cause of pancytopenia, aplastic anemia, from myelophthisic anemia because in aplastic anemia the hematopoietic cells are damaged and immature blood cells are not seen in the peripheral blood.
Treatment
Treatment of this disorder involves treatment of the underlying cancer.[2][3]
Presentation
Historically, the most common displacement of the healthy bone marrow was from tuberculosis.[citation needed]
There may be evidence of extramedullary hematopoiesis[4] (marrow elements can be found in the spleen, liver).
Etiology
Myelophthisis is thought to be related to the release of cytokines that simulate fibroblastic proliferation and fibrosis in the marrow.[2]
See also
- List of circulatory system conditions
- List of hematologic conditions
References
- ^ "Hematopathology".
- ^ a b c American Society of hematology self-assessment program, second edition, 2005, page 82.
- ^ "Myelophthisic Anemia: Anemias Caused by Deficient Erythropoiesis: Merck Manual Professional". Retrieved 2008-03-08.
- ^ Makoni SN, Laber DA (May 2004). "Clinical spectrum of myelophthisis in cancer patients". Am. J. Hematol. 76 (1): 92–3. doi:10.1002/ajh.20046. PMID 15114608.
External links
- Myelophthisic Anemia at eMedicine
Pathology: hematology, hematologic diseases of RBCs and megakaryocytes / MEP (D50-69,74, 280-287)
|
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Red
blood cells |
↑ |
|
|
↓ |
Anemia |
Nutritional |
- Micro-: Iron deficiency anemia
- Macro-: Megaloblastic anemia
|
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Hemolytic
(mostly Normo-) |
Hereditary |
- enzymopathy: G6PD
- glycolysis
- hemoglobinopathy: Thalassemia
- Sickle-cell disease/trait
- HPFH
- membrane: Hereditary spherocytosis
- Minkowski-Chauffard syndrome
- Hereditary elliptocytosis
- Southeast Asian ovalocytosis
- Hereditary stomatocytosis
|
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Acquired |
- Drug-induced autoimmune
- Drug-induced nonautoimmune
- Hemolytic disease of the newborn
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Aplastic
(mostly Normo-) |
- Hereditary: Fanconi anemia
- Diamond–Blackfan anemia
- Acquired: PRCA
- Sideroblastic anemia
- Myelophthisic
|
|
Blood tests |
- MCV
- Normocytic
- Microcytic
- Macrocytic
- MCHC
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Other |
- Methemoglobinemia
- Sulfhemoglobinemia
- Reticulocytopenia
|
|
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Coagulation/
coagulopathy |
↑ |
Hyper-
coagulability |
- primary: Antithrombin III deficiency
- Protein C deficiency/Activated protein C resistance/Protein S deficiency/Factor V Leiden
- Prothrombin G20210A
- Sticky platelet syndrome
- acquired:Thrombocytosis
- DIC
- Congenital afibrinogenemia
- Purpura fulminans
- autoimmune
|
|
|
↓ |
Hypo-
coagulability |
Thrombocytopenia |
- Thrombocytopenic purpura: ITP
- TM
- Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia
- May-Hegglin anomaly
|
|
Platelet function |
- adhesion
- aggregation
- Glanzmann's thrombasthenia
- platelet storage pool deficiency
- Hermansky–Pudlak syndrome
- Gray platelet syndrome
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Clotting factor |
- Hemophilia
- von Willebrand disease
- Hypoprothrombinemia/II
- XIII
- Dysfibrinogenemia
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cell/phys (coag, heme, immu, gran), csfs
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rbmg/mogr/tumr/hist, sysi/epon, btst
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drug (B1/2/3+5+6), btst, trns
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UpToDate Contents
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English Journal
- Leucoerythroblastic anaemia, abnormal bone scan and prostate cancer with a primary haematological diagnosis.
- Preston G1, Meiklejohn D, Thomas N.
- British journal of haematology.Br J Haematol.2015 Jan;168(2):161. doi: 10.1111/bjh.13169. Epub 2014 Oct 13.
- PMID 25306970
- An aggressive presentation of colorectal cancer with an atypical lymphoproliferative pattern of metastatic disease: a case report and review of the literature.
- Shah SM1, Rosenthal MH2, Griffin GK3, Jacobsen ED4, McCleary NJ4.
- Clinical colorectal cancer.Clin Colorectal Cancer.2014 Sep;13(3):e5-e11. doi: 10.1016/j.clcc.2014.05.002. Epub 2014 Jun 23.
- PMID 25065654
- A man with anemia and a change in personality.
- Pol RR, Howard MR.
- Blood.Blood.2014 Mar 20;123(12):1784.
- PMID 24783257
Related Links
- Learn about Myelophthisic Anemia symptoms, diagnosis and treatment in the Merck Manual. HCP and Vet versions too! ... Myelophthisic anemia is suspected in patients with normocytic anemia, particularly when splenomegaly or a ...
- Myelophthisic anemia symptoms, causes, diagnosis, and treatment information for Myelophthisic anemia (Myelpathic anemia) with alternative diagnoses, full-text book chapters, misdiagnosis, research treatments, prevention, and ...
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★リンクテーブル★
[★]
- 英
- myelophthisic anemia
- 同
- 骨髄障害性貧血 myelopathic anemia
- 関
- 貧血、白赤芽球症