関: measles-mumps-rubella vaccine

WordNet

failing to speak or communicate etc when expected to; "the witness remained silent" (同)silent
secrecy; "mums the word"
immunogen consisting of a suspension of weakened or dead pathogenic cells injected in order to stimulate the production of antibodies (同)vaccinum
an acute contagious viral disease characterized by fever and by swelling of the parotid glands (同)epidemic_parotitis

PrepTutorEJDIC

《補語にのみ用いて》沈黙した,物を言わない(silent)
=mother(《米》mom)
菊[chrysanthemumの短縮形]
牛痘種,痘苗(牛痘を起こすビールスで,天然痘予防のために人体に接種される) / (伝染病の病原菌から作った)ワクチン
耳下腺(せん),お多福かぜ

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2013/02/15 17:44:44」(JST)

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Several varieties of mumps vaccine have been used since 1949, and at least 10 strains were in use in 2006:^[1]

The first vaccine was a killed mumps virus vaccine developed in 1948 and used in the United States from 1950-1978. This vaccine produced little immune memory, thus had a short duration of effect. In the U.S.A. it was supplanted by Mumpsvax and then MMR.^[1]

All subsequent preparations have been live virus attenuated by multiple passages through animal cells of one or more species. No human diploid cell vaccine is currently in use.

Current vaccines

Mumpsvax is Merck's brand of Jeryl Lynn strain vaccines^[2] and is the Mumps vaccine standard in the United States. The Jeryl Lynn strains have been in use since 1967, and were believed to be a single strain until 2002.

RIT 4385 is a newer strain derived from the Jeryl Lynn strain.^[3] It was invented by Maurice Hilleman.
MMR Vaccine (Measles, Mumps, Rubella Vaccine) is the most commonly used form of the vaccine, formulated in combination with vaccines for Measles and Rubella.

Leningrad-3 strain was developed by Smrodintsev and Klyachko in guinea pig kidney cell culture and has been used since 1950 in former Soviet countries.^[1] This vaccine is routinely used in Russia.
L-Zagreb strain used in Croatia and India was derived from the Leningrad-3 strain by further passaging.^[1]
Urabe strain was introduced in Japan, and later licenced in Belgium, France and Italy. It has been associated with a higher incidence of meningitis (1/143 000 versus 1/227 000 for J-L),^[4] and abandoned in several countries. It was formulated as MMR in the UK.
Rubini strain used mainly in Switzerland was attenuated by a higher number of passes through chicken embryos, and later proved to have low potency.^[5] It was introduced in 1985.^[1]

Monovalent mumps vaccine (Mumpsvax) remained available in the U.S.A when MMR was introduced. in the UK the introduction of mumps vaccine was by MMR replacing the MR (measles and rubella) mixed vaccine. No UK-licenced monovalent preparation was ever available. This became the subject of considerable argument at the end of the 20th century, since some parents preferred to obtain individually the components of the MMR mixture. One single mumps vaccine preparation imported into the United Kingdom proved to be essentially ineffective.^[6] Immunisation against Mumps in the UK became routine in 1988, commencing with MMR. The Aventis-Pasteur "MMR-2" brand is usual in the UK in 2006.

A different monovalent Mumps vaccine is routinely used in Russia.

Storage and stability

The cold chain is a major consideration in vaccination, particularly in less-developed countries. Mumps vaccines are normally refrigerated, but have a long half-life of 65 days at 23 degrees Celsius.^[1]

References

omni.ac.uk
The Mumps Vaccine. (A history of the vaccine development.) WHO
Mumps Immunization. WHO
intute, search results for Mumps vaccine. University of Manchester, England

Footnotes

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f "Immunizations, Vaccines and Biologicals - The Mumps Vaccine". World Health Organization. http://www.who.int/vaccines-diseases/diseases/mumps_vaccine.shtml.
^ Hilleman, M.R. et al. (1968) Live attentuated mumps vaccine. N. Engl. J. Med. 278, 227
^ Hviid A, Rubin S, Mühlemann K (2008). "Mumps". Lancet 371 (9616): 932–44. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(08)60419-5. PMID 18342688.
^ [1]^{[dead link]}
^ Eurosurveillance report on Portugal outbreak.^{[dead link]}
^ Pavivac ineffective. CMO's letter HSSMD33-02::as HTML Nov. 2002

UpToDate Contents

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1. ムンプスウイルスワクチン mumps virus vaccine
2. ムンプスの疫学、臨床症状、診断およびマネージメント epidemiology clinical manifestations diagnosis and management of mumps
3. 小児および思春期における標準的予防接種 standard immunizations for children and adolescents
4. 医療従事者のための予防接種 immunizations for healthcare providers
5. リスクの高い成人に対する麻疹-ムンプス-風疹ワクチン接種 measles mumps rubella vaccination in high risk adults

English Journal

Do HIV-positive adult immigrants need to be screened for measles-mumps-rubella and varicella zoster virus immunization?

Llenas-García J, Rubio R, Hernando A, Arrazola P, Pulido F.Sourcea HIV Unit , Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre (i + 12), Universidad Complutense , Madrid , Spain.
AIDS care.AIDS Care.2013 Aug;25(8):980-9. doi: 10.1080/09540121.2012.748881. Epub 2012 Dec 17.
A systematic screening for measles, mumps, rubella (MMR) and varicella zoster virus (VZV) in HIV-positive adult immigrants in Spain was evaluated, and factors associated with MMR and VZV vaccines' indication were studied. Every HIV-positive immigrant was tested for VZV and MMR-IgG. MMR vaccine was i
PMID 23244745

Measles vaccination before the measles-mumps-rubella vaccine.

Hendriks J, Blume S.SourceJan Hendriks is with International Support, Vaccinology Unit, National Institute of Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, the Netherlands. Stuart Blume is with the Department of Sociology and Anthropology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
American journal of public health.Am J Public Health.2013 Aug;103(8):1393-401. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2012.301075. Epub 2013 Jun 13.
At the beginning of the 1960s, it was clear that a vaccine against measles would soon be available. Although measles was (and remains) a killer disease in the developing world, in the United States and Western Europe this was no longer so. Many parents and many medical practitioners considered measl
PMID 23763422

[Measles-Mumps-Rubella vaccination of an egg-allergic child sensitized to gelatin].

Dumortier B, Nosbaum A, Ponvert C, Nicolas JF, Bérard F.SourceService de pédiatrie, hôpitaux du Léman, site Georges-Pianta, 3, avenue de la Dame, 74203 Thonon-Les-Bains, France. Electronic address: b-dumortier@ch-hopitauxduleman.fr.
Archives de pédiatrie : organe officiel de la Sociéte française de pédiatrie.Arch Pediatr.2013 Aug;20(8):867-70. doi: 10.1016/j.arcped.2013.05.006. Epub 2013 Jul 11.
The Measles-Mumps-Rubella (MMR) vaccine is often postponed in egg-allergic patients due to fear of anaphylactic reaction at the time of injection of this vaccin produced on egg derivates. However, this vaccine is recommended by health authorities, especially in case of increased measles incidence, a
PMID 23850052

Japanese Journal

おたふくかぜ(ムンプス)ワクチン (第1土曜特集小児用ワクチンUpdate) -- (予防接種各論)

永井崇雄
医学のあゆみ 244(1), 86-91, 2013-01-05
NAID 40019533835

教育流行性耳下腺炎ワクチンの接種意志 : ワクチンについての説明形式と費用負担額の影響

佐野隆浩,佐々木隆文,古川大 [他]
福島医学雑誌 62(2), 46-51, 2012-06-00
NAID 40019404747

小児のムンプス難聴の臨床的検討

水川知子,水川敦裕,松岡るみ子,佐藤宏昭,小林有美子,村井盛子,宍戸潔,草野英昭
小児耳鼻咽喉科 32(3), 364-371, 2011-12-01
NAID 10030290666

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リンク元	「おたふくかぜワクチン」「ムンプスワクチン」「おたふく風邪ワクチン」
拡張検索	「live mumps vaccine」
関連記事	「mumps」

「おたふくかぜワクチン」

Mumps vaccine
Vaccine description
Target disease	Mumps
Type	Attenuated virus
Clinical data
MedlinePlus	a601176
Pregnancy cat.	?
Legal status	?
Identifiers
ATC code	J07BE01
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