WordNet

made from or largely consisting of silver; "silver bracelets"
a soft white precious univalent metallic element having the highest electrical and thermal conductivity of any metal; occurs in argentite and in free form; used in coins and jewelry and tableware and photography (同)Ag, atomic number 47
coins made of silver
make silver in color; "Her worries had silvered her hair"
turn silver; "The mans hair silvered very attractively"
having the white lustrous sheen of silver; "a land of silver (or silvern) rivers where the salmon leap"; "repeated scrubbings have given the wood a silvery sheen" (同)silvern, silvery
coat with a layer of silver or a silver amalgam; "silver the necklace"
(microscopy) a dye or other coloring material that is used in microscopy to make structures visible
color for microscopic study; "The laboratory worker dyed the specimen"
color with a liquid dye or tint; "Stain this table a beautiful walnut color"; "people knew how to stain glass a beautiful blue in the middle ages"
produce or leave stains; "Red wine stains the table cloth"
a soiled or discolored appearance; "the wine left a dark stain" (同)discoloration, discolouration
marked or dyed or discolored with foreign matter; "a badly stained tablecloth"; "tear-stained cheeks"
having a coating of stain or varnish (同)varnished
the act of spotting or staining something (同)spotting, maculation
(histology) the use of a dye to color specimens for microscopic study
antibacterial agent (trade names Mandelamine and Urex) that is contained in many products that are used to treat urinary infections (同)Mandelamine, Urex

PrepTutorEJDIC

『銀』(金属元素;化学記号は『Ag』) / (商品・通貨基準としての)銀 / 『銀貨』(一般に銀白色の)硬貨 / 《集合的に》『銀(銀めっき)の食器類』,銀器 / 『銀製の』,銀めっきした / 銀色の,銀白色の / …‘に'銀めっきする / 《文》…‘を'銀色にする / 銀色になる
(…で)…‘を'『汚す』,‘に'しみをつける《+『名』+『with』+『名』》 / 〈ガラス・木材・布など〉‘に'『着色する』 / (…で)〈人格・名声など〉‘を'汚す,‘に'傷をつける《+『名』+『with』+『名』》 / 汚れる,しみがつく / 〈C〉〈U〉(…についた)『しみ』,汚れ《+『on』+『名』》 / 〈U〉〈C〉着色剤,染料 / 〈C〉(人格・名声などに対する)汚点,傷《+『on』(『upon』)+『名』》

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1. 慢性副鼻腔炎：臨床症状、病態生理、および診断 chronic rhinosinusitis clinical manifestations pathophysiology and diagnosis
2. スポロトリコーシスの臨床的特徴および診断 clinical features and diagnosis of sporotrichosis
3. コクシジオイデス症の臨床検査診断 laboratory diagnosis of coccidioidomycosis
4. 真菌性菌腫 eumycetoma
5. HIV感染患者におけるヒストプラスマ症の疫学および臨床症状 epidemiology and clinical manifestations of histoplasmosis in hiv infected patients

English Journal

Frequency of Pneumocystis jirovecii in sputum from HIV and TB patients in Namibia.

Nowaseb V1, Gaeb E, Fraczek MG, Richardson MD, Denning DW.Author information 1Allergy Clinical Research Facility, Manchester, United Kingdom. vincentnowaseb@gmail.com.AbstractINTRODUCTION: The opportunistic fungus Pneumocystis jirovecii causes Pneumocystis pneumonia (PcP), which is a life-threatening infection in HIV/AIDS patients. The seemingly low prevalence of P. jirovecii pneumonia in sub-Saharan Africa has been a matter of great debate because many HIV/AIDS patients reside in this region. The lack of suitable diagnostic practices in this resource limited-region has been added to the uncertainty of PcP prevalence. Only a few studies have evaluated the utility of easily obtainable samples such as expectorated sputum for diagnosis of PcP. Thus, the aim of the current study was to evaluate the effectiveness of expectorated sputum for the routine diagnosis of PcP in a resource-limited sub-Saharan African setting.
Journal of infection in developing countries.J Infect Dev Ctries.2014 Mar 13;8(3):349-57. doi: 10.3855/jidc.3864.
INTRODUCTION: The opportunistic fungus Pneumocystis jirovecii causes Pneumocystis pneumonia (PcP), which is a life-threatening infection in HIV/AIDS patients. The seemingly low prevalence of P. jirovecii pneumonia in sub-Saharan Africa has been a matter of great debate because many HIV/AIDS patients
PMID 24619267

Equine pulmonary aspergillosis with encephalitic, myocardial, and renal dissemination.

Headley SA1, de Carvalho PH, Cunha Filho LF, Yamamura AA, Okano W.Author information 1Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, PR 445 km 380, Campus Universitário, PO Box 10.011, 860571-970, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil, selwyn.headley@uel.br.AbstractThe cause of the death of a 16-month-old Brasileiro-de-Hipismo filly and a 3-year-old male Paint Horse with clinical manifestations of anemia and apathy from southern Brazil was investigated. These horses were maintained at the same stable; received hay as part of their diet and were submitted for routine necropsy evaluations. Significant gross findings included several nodules randomly distributed throughout the pulmonary lobes of both horses, and the kidneys, myocardium, and the frontal lobes of the cerebrum of the filly. Histopathological evaluation revealed pyogranulomatous bronchopneumonia in both horses; granulomatous interstitial nephritis, myocarditis, and encephalitis were observed in the filly. All lesions contained vasculitis and thrombosis associated with myriads of intralesional, branching, septate fungi consistent with Aspergillus spp.; intralesional fungi were more easily identified by the Grocott methenamine silver stain. Mycological culture of fresh pulmonary sections from both horses and the brain of the filly revealed pure growths of A. fumigatus. These findings confirmed the participation of A. fumigatus in the etiopathogenesis of the lesions observed in the lungs of both horses, and the cerebrum, myocardium and kidneys of the filly and might represent the first description of A. fumigatus-induced encephalitis in horses. Additionally, we believe that infection occurred during the ingestion of contaminated hay or by inhalation of spores within contaminated bedding that resulted in transient nasal mycosis, which progressed to pyogranulomatous bronchopneumonia in both horses with embolic encephalitic, myocardial, and renal dissemination of A. fumigatus occurring only in the filly.
Mycopathologia.Mycopathologia.2014 Feb;177(1-2):129-35. doi: 10.1007/s11046-013-9726-0. Epub 2014 Jan 24.
The cause of the death of a 16-month-old Brasileiro-de-Hipismo filly and a 3-year-old male Paint Horse with clinical manifestations of anemia and apathy from southern Brazil was investigated. These horses were maintained at the same stable; received hay as part of their diet and were submitted for r
PMID 24458918

Factors affecting visibility of a target tissue in histologic sections.

McGavin MD.Author information Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee, 2407 River Dr, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA. Email: mmcgavin@utk.edu.AbstractThe objective of histologic techniques is to stain the subject with high specificity and high visibility. Visibility depends on the microscope's resolution and contrast and on the microscopist's skill at optimizing the microscope's image. It also depends on histotechnological factors, which include specificity and differentiation of the stain, density of background staining (particularly in silver stains), innate color, and grayscale contrasts of the dyes in the stains and color and density of the counterstain. If contrast is not optimal, the image should be evaluated on the basis of 2 types of contrast-color and grayscale. Complementary colors have maximum color contrast, and the color triangle is useful in the selection of a suitable counterstain. Grayscale contrast is a function of the density of a stain. If dyes capable of staining the target and backgrounds tissue do not have optimal color contrast, the only method of increasing contrast is to change the grayscale value of one of the stains, usually the counterstain. Colors can have a subconscious effect on a viewer. Depending on whether they are aesthetically pleasing, they may influence the rigor of and time spent on the histopathologic examination. Maximizing the specificity of stains such as hematoxylin, eosin, trichrome, and Luxol fast blue (LFB) depends on optimal differentiation. In differentiation of counterstains such as methylene blue in the Ziehl-Neelsen stain, its recommended density is conveniently expressed as a grayscale value. Independent evaluation of color and grayscale contrasts is very helpful in determining the cause of low contrast in an image. This review discusses aspects of the histotechnique affecting the visibility of tissue components.
Veterinary pathology.Vet Pathol.2014 Jan;51(1):9-27. doi: 10.1177/0300985813506916.
The objective of histologic techniques is to stain the subject with high specificity and high visibility. Visibility depends on the microscope's resolution and contrast and on the microscopist's skill at optimizing the microscope's image. It also depends on histotechnological factors, which include
PMID 24395975

Japanese Journal

A Histopathological and Immunohistochemical Study of Basal Membrane Alterations, with Special Reference to Advance of Dysplastic Grading

Tamaki Yoshio,Kuyama Kayo,Sun Yan
International Journal of Oral-Medical Sciences 10(1), 12-19, 2011
… As for histopathological findings of BMs, periodic acid-methenamine-silver stain (PAM) displayed continuous liner appearances in all cases except for OSCC. … Reticulin silver impregnation showed discontinuous and irregular distributions were admitted in severe dysplasia and OSCC. …
NAID 130000769911

PAM (Periodic Acid-Methenamine silver) 染色の時間短縮と安定性の基礎的検討

西川武,足立知代,田邉雅世,池批呂子,森田剛平,榎本泰典,笠井孝彦,野々村昭孝
医学検査 : 日本臨床衛生検査技師会誌 = The Japanese journal of medical technology 59(5), 699-704, 2010-05-25
NAID 10027748760

First Case Report of Histoplasmosis in a Cat in Japan

Kobayashi Ryosuke,Tanaka Fumihiko,Asai Atsusi [他],KAGAWA Yumiko,IKEDA Teruo,SHIROTA Kinji
Journal of Veterinary Medical Science 71(12), 1669-1672, 2009
… In the colonic lesion, the cytoplasm of the macrophages contained yeast-like organisms with irregularly shaped dots, and the cell walls of these organisms were stained black by Grocott-Gomori methenamine-silver stain. …
NAID 130000149998