中皮
WordNet
- epithelium originating in the embryonic mesoderm; lines the primordial body cavity
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2014/04/23 21:16:19」(JST)
[Wiki en表示]
| Mesothelium |
Micrograph of benign mesothelial cells. Peritoneal wash. Pap stain.
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A layer of mesothelial cells grown in cell culture, featuring the typical "cobblestone" appearance
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| Latin |
Mesothelium |
| MeSH |
Mesothelium |
| Code |
TH H2.00.02.0.02017
TH H3.04.08.0.00003 |
The mesothelium is a membrane that forms the lining of several body cavities: the pleura (thoracic cavity), peritoneum (abdominal cavity including the mesentery) and pericardium (heart sac). Mesothelial tissue also surrounds the male internal reproductive organs (the tunica vaginalis testis) and covers the internal reproductive organs of women (the tunica serosa uteri). Mesothelium that covers the internal organs is called visceral mesothelium, while the layer that covers the body walls is called the parietal mesothelium.
It is a form of simple squamous epithelium.[1]
Contents
- 1 Origin
- 2 Structure
- 3 Function
- 4 Role in disease
- 5 References
- 6 External links
Origin
Mesothelium derives from the embryonic mesoderm cell layer, that lines the coelom (body cavity) in the embryo. It develops into the layer of cells that covers and protects most of the internal organs of the body.
Structure
The mesothelium forms a monolayer of flattened squamous-like epithelial cells resting on a thin basement membrane supported by dense irregular connective tissue. Cuboidal mesothelial cells may be found at areas of injury, the milky spots of the omentum, and the peritoneal side of the diaphragm overlaying the lymphatic lacunae. The luminal surface is covered with microvilli. The proteins and serosal fluid trapped by the microvilli provide a slippery surface for internal organs to slide past one another.
Function
The mesothelium is composed of an extensive monolayer of specialized cells (mesothelial cells) that line the body's serous cavities and internal organs. The main purpose of these cells is to produce a lubricating fluid that is released between layers,[2] providing a slippery, non-adhesive, and protective surface to facilitate intracoelomic movement.
The mesothelium is also implicated in the transport and movement of fluid and particulate matter across the serosal cavities, leukocyte migration in response to inflammatory mediators, synthesis of pro-inflammatory cytokines, growth factors, and extracellular matrix proteins to aid in serosal repair, and the release of factors to promote the disposition and clearance of fibrin (such as plasminogen). Mesothelial cells are capable of phagocytosis and are antigen presenting cells. Furthermore, the secretion of glycosaminoglycans and lubricants may protect the body against infection and tumor dissemination.
Role in disease
- Mesothelioma: (cancer of the mesothelium) is a disease in which cells of the mesothelium become abnormal and divide without control or order. They can invade and damage nearby tissues and organs. Cancer cells can also metastasize (spread) from their original site to other parts of the body. Most cases of mesothelioma begin in the pleura or peritoneum. More than 90% of mesothelioma cases are linked to asbestos exposure.
- Intra-abdominal adhesions: Normally, the mesothelium secretes plasminogen, which removes fibrin deposits. During surgical procedures, the mesothelium may be damaged. Its fibrinolytic capacity becomes insufficient and fibrin accumulates, causing fibrous adhesions between opposing surfaces. These adhesions cause intestinal obstruction and female infertility if it occurs in the abdomen, and may impair cardiac and lung function in the thorax.
- Ultrafiltration failure: The peritoneal mesothelium is implicated in the long-term development of ultrafiltration failure in peritoneal dialysis patients. The presence of supra-physiological glucose concentrations, acidity, and glucose degradation products in peritoneal dialysis fluids contribute to the fibrosis of the peritoneal mesothelium, either by epithelial-mesenchymal transition or increased proliferation of existing fibroblasts. A fibrosed peritoneum results in the increased passage of solutes across the peritoneum and ultrafiltration failure.
References
- ^ Victor P. Eroschenko (2008). Di Fiore's atlas of histology with functional correlations. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 31–. ISBN 978-0-7817-7057-6. Retrieved 28 May 2011.
- ^ Leopold G. Koss; Myron R. Melamed (2006). Koss' diagnostic cytology and its histopathologic bases. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 124–. ISBN 978-0-7817-1928-5. Retrieved 28 May 2011.
External links
- Mesothelioma: Questions and Answers (National Cancer Institute).
- Histology at KUMC epithel-epith01 "Mesothelium"
- BU Histology Learning System: 00102loa - "Tissues, Layers, and Organs: transverse section of rat gut"
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Histology: Epithelial tissue (TH H2.00.02)
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| Epithelial cells |
- Columnar epithelial cell
- Cuboidal epithelial cell
- Squamous epithelial cell
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| Surface epithelium |
- Simple squamous epithelium
- Simple cuboidal epithelium
- Simple columnar epithelium
- Pseudostratified columnar epithelium
- Stratified squamous epithelium
- Stratified cuboidal epithelium
- Stratified columnar epithelium
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Gland/
glandular epithelium |
Classification
(exocrine,
endocrine) |
| Mechanism |
- Merocrine
- Apocrine
- Holocrine
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| Shape |
- Tubular gland
- Alveolar gland
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| Secretion |
- Serous glands
- Mucous glands
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| Components |
- Myoepithelial cell
- Serous demilune
- Ducts: Interlobar duct
- Interlobular duct
- Intralobular duct
- Striated duct
- Intercalated duct
- Acinus/Lobe
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- See also
- Template:Epithelial neoplasms
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Abdominopelvic cavity: Abdomen/Abdominal cavity and Pelvis/Pelvic cavity and Peritoneal cavity (TA A10, TH H3.04.08, GA 4.408 and GA 11.1147)
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| Extraperitoneal space |
- Retroperitoneal space
- Retropubic space
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Peritoneal ligaments,
mesenteries, and folds |
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Abdominal
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From ventral mesentery
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- Lesser omentum: Hepatoduodenal ligament
- Hepatogastric ligament
- Liver: Coronary ligament (Left triangular ligament
- Right triangular ligament
- Hepatorenal ligament)
- Falciform ligament (Round ligament of liver and Ligamentum venosum in it, but not of it)
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From dorsal mesentery
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- Greater omentum: Gastrophrenic ligament
- Gastrocolic ligament
- Gastrosplenic ligament
- Mesentery: Transverse mesocolon
- Sigmoid mesocolon
- Mesoappendix
- Root of the mesentery
- Splenorenal ligament
- Phrenicocolic ligament
- Folds: Umbilical folds (Supravesical fossa, Medial inguinal fossa, Lateral umbilical fold, Lateral inguinal fossa)
- Ileocecal fold
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Abdominal cavity
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- Greater sac
- Omental bursa
- Omental foramen
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General
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- Cystohepatic triangle
- Hepatorenal recess of subhepatic space
- Abdominal wall (Inguinal triangle)
- Peritoneal recesses: Paracolic gutters
- Paramesenteric gutters
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Urogenital peritoneum
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Uterus/ovaries
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- Broad ligament of the uterus (Mesovarium, Mesosalpinx, Mesometrium)
- Ovarian ligament
- Suspensory ligament of the ovary
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Recesses
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- ♂: Recto-vesical pouch
- Pararectal fossa
- ♀: Recto-uterine pouch
- Recto-uterine fold (Uterosacral ligament)
- Vesico-uterine pouch
- Ovarian fossa
- Paravesical fossa
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anat (t, g, p)/phys/devp/enzy
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noco/cong/tumr, sysi/epon
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proc, drug (A2A/2B/3/4/5/6/7/14/16), blte
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UpToDate Contents
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English Journal
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- Bouzas V1, Haller T, Hobi N, Felder E, Pastoriza-Santos I, Pérez-Gil J.
- Nanotoxicology.Nanotoxicology.2014 Dec;8(8):813-23. doi: 10.3109/17435390.2013.829878. Epub 2013 Aug 27.
- The outstanding properties of gold nanoparticles (NPs) make them very attractive for biomedical applications. In particular, the inhalation route has gained considerable interest as an innovative strategy for diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary diseases. It is, therefore, important to scrutinise th
- PMID 23914786
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- Chen HH1, Lai PF, Lan YF, Cheng CF, Zhong WB, Lin YF, Chen TW, Lin H.
- Journal of cellular physiology.J Cell Physiol.2014 Sep;229(9):1202-11. doi: 10.1002/jcp.24554.
- Transcriptional repressor activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) is induced by various stress stimuli, including inflammation-induced renal injury. In addition, ATF3 also down-regulates adhesion molecules like intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM), vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM), and mono
- PMID 24420912
- The dynamics of sperm detachment from epithelium in a coupled fluid-biochemical model of hyperactivated motility.
- Simons J1, Olson S2, Cortez R3, Fauci L4.
- Journal of theoretical biology.J Theor Biol.2014 Aug 7;354:81-94. doi: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2014.03.024. Epub 2014 Mar 29.
- Hyperactivation in mammalian sperm is characterized by a high-amplitude, asymmetric flagellar waveform. A mechanical advantage of this hyperactivated waveform has been hypothesized to be the promotion of flagellar detachment from oviductal epithelium. In order to investigate the dynamics of a free-s
- PMID 24685890
Japanese Journal
- Proliferative and Non-Proliferative Lesions of the Rat and Mouse Soft Tissue, Skeletal Muscle and Mesothelium
- GREAVES PETER,CHOUINARD LUC,ERNST HEINRICH [他]
- Journal of toxicologic pathology 26(3), 1S-26S, 2013
- NAID 40019830817
- 悪性胸膜中皮腫の早期発見への糸口―中皮腫の細胞学的特徴を分子レベルで考える―
- 辻村 亨,佐藤 鮎子,鳥井 郁子,亀井 敏昭,長谷川 誠紀,中野 孝司
- 肺癌 52(2), 196-200, 2012
- 目的．悪性胸膜中皮腫（MPM）の胸水細胞診では，細胞質に重厚感がみられ，細胞封入像や多核細胞が高頻度に出現する．細胞質の重厚感には中間径フィラメントが関与し，細胞封入や多核細胞の形成には細胞融合を促す細胞接着分子が重要な役割を果たしている可能性がある．そこで，我々は，MPMと反応性中皮（RM）における中間径フィラメント及び細胞接着分子の発現を比較した．方法．MPMとRMの遺伝子発現プロファイルをA …
- NAID 130002060233
Related Links
- Mesothelioma: Have you been exposed to Asbestos? Malignant mesothelioma is a disease in which malignant (cancer) cells form in the lining of the chest or abdomen. Malignant mesothelioma is a disease in which malignant ...
- mesothelium [mes′ō t hē′lē əm, mez′-] Use mesothelium in a sentence noun pl. mesothelia epithelium of mesodermal origin; specif., the thin layer of mesodermal epithelial cells lining the pericardial, pleural, peritoneal, and scrotal ...
- mesothelium / ˌmɛz əˈθi li əm, ˌmɛs-, ˌmi zə-, -sə-/ Show Spelled [mez-uh-thee-lee-uh m, mes-, mee-z uh-, -s uh-] Show IPA noun, plural mesothelia / ˌmɛz əˈθi li ə, ˌmɛs-, ˌmi zə-, -sə-/ Show Spelled [mez-uh-thee-lee-uh, mes-, mee ...
Related Pictures
★リンクテーブル★
[★]
- 英
- mesothelium
- 同
- 体腔上皮 celomic epithelium、漿膜上皮
- 関
- [[]]
組織学
発生学的由来
[★]
- 関
- mesothelium