メダカ
- 関
- cyprinodont、japanese medaka、Oryzias、Oryzias latipes
WordNet
- any member of the family Cyprinodontidae
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』「2013/04/15 02:11:00」(JST)
[Wiki en表示]
Japanese rice fish |
|
Oryzias latipes |
Scientific classification |
Kingdom: |
Animalia |
Phylum: |
Chordata |
Class: |
Actinopterygii |
Order: |
Beloniformes |
Family: |
Adrianichthyidae |
Subfamily: |
Oryziinae |
Genus: |
Oryzias |
Species: |
O. latipes |
Binomial name |
Oryzias latipes
Temminck & Schlegel 1846 |
For the manga and anime series, see Medaka Box.
Japanese rice fish (Oryzias latipes), also known as Medaka and Japanese killifish, is a member of genus Oryzias (ricefish), the only genus in the subfamily Oryziinae. This rather small (2-4 cm long) native of Southeast Asia is a common denizen of rice paddies in coastal Asia.[1] It became popular as an aquarium fish because of its hardiness and pleasant coloration: its coloration varies from brown or yellow-gold in the wild to white, creamy yellow, or orange in aquarium-bred individuals. The medaka has been a popular pet since the 17th century in Japan. It is amphidromous, meaning it moves between salt and freshwater at some point in its life. It is found in both ocean and river habitats. The female carries her eggs attached between her anal fins.
Contents
- 1 Description
- 2 In Space
- 3 References
- 4 External links
|
Description
Oryzias latipes is a model organism and is extensively used in many areas of biological research. Medaka have a short gestation period and are reproductively prolific — characteristics that make them easy to rear in the laboratory. They can withstand cold and can be shipped easily. Nearly all aspects of the life cycle of medaka have been analyzed by researchers including sexual behavior, genetic inheritance of coloration, spawning habits, feeding, pathology, embryological development, ecology, etc. [2] [3] It has relatively small genome (~800 Mb, half the size of the genome of another popular model fish, the zebrafish) as well as a generation time of 7 weeks (rather than 9 weeks for zebrafish) also hardier growth in a broad temperature range (6-40 degrees C).[4][5]
Transgenic medaka are relatively easy to produce. They have been genetically modified to secrete various human hormones, express promoter sequences from other fish, and to make antimicrobial proteins and a protein that makes the medaka glow fluorescent green.[6] There are also many mutations that show up in medaka at random, for example, a mutant strain that lacks scales, and one with extra-long fins. Haploid embryonic stem cell lines have been established.[7]
In Space
O. latipes carries the distinction of having been the first vertebrate to mate in orbit.[8] The result of the mating was a brood of healthy fry, hatched on the Space Shuttle Columbia in 1994. O. latipes returned to space in 2012, launched aboard a Soyuz spacecraft Soyuz TMA-06M and housed in an aquarium aboard the International Space Station.
References
- ^ "FishBase Oryzias latipes summary". Archived from the original on 2008-06-28.
- ^ Leroi, Armand Marie. (2003). Mutants: On Genetic Variety and the Human Body. New York: Viking. ISBN 0-670-03110-0.
- ^ "Major topic "Oryzias": free full-text articles in National Library of Medicine".
- ^ "Oryzias latipes, medaka as a model organism: taxonomy, facts, development stages, bibliography at GeoChemBio".
- ^ "Medaka (Oryzias latipes) Genome Browser Gateway".
- ^ Tanaka M, Kinoshita M, Kobayashi D, Nagahama Y. (2001). "Establishment of medaka (Oryzias latipes) transgenic lines with the expression of green fluorescent protein fluorescence exclusively in germ cells: a useful model to monitor germ cells in a live vertebrate.". Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 98 (5): 2544–9. doi:10.1073/pnas.041315498. PMC 30174. PMID 11226275.
- ^ Yi M, Hong N, Hong Y. (2009 Oct 16;). "Generation of Medaka Fish Haploid Embryonic Stem Cells". Science 326 (5951): 430–3. doi:10.1126/science.1175151. PMID 19833967.
- ^ "Medaka aboard Columbia".
External links
- Medaka genome in Ensembl.
English Journal
- Long-term exposure investigating the estrogenic potency of estriol in Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes).
- Lei B1, Kang J1, Yu Y1, Zha J2, Li W2, Wang Z3, Wang Y1, Wen Y1.Author information 1Institute of Environmental Pollution and Health, College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China.2State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.3State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China. Electronic address: wangzj@rcees.ac.cn.AbstractThe growth, development, and ERα and Vtg-I gene expressions of Japanese ricefish (Oryzias latipes; medaka) exposed to different concentrations of estriol (E3), including one environmentally relevant concentration, during embryo-adult life stages were evaluated. At the early life stage, fertilized eggs were exposed to 5, 50, 500, 5000ng/L E3 for 15days, and the hatched fry were exposed continuously to the same concentrations for an additional 15days. Exposure to 500 and 5000ng/L E3 resulted in adverse effects on hatchability and time to hatching. At 5000ng/L, the gross abnormality rate was increased and the number of females that hatched was twice that of males. When the fish were exposed to 5-5000ng/L E3 for further 60days, the male hepatosomatic index (HSI) was increased at 5000ng/L. The female gonadosomatic index (GSI) was decreased at 500 and 5000ng/L E3, while the male GSI at 5000ng/L E3 was increased and sex reversal was also found at this concentration. Quantitative RT-PCR showed that the hepatic vitellogenin-I (Vtg-I) genes were up-regulated in females at 500 and 5000ng/L E3 and in males at all E3 concentrations, whereas E3 did not affect estrogen receptor α (ERα) mRNA transcription. These results showed that E3 at environmental concentration of 5ng/L has no adverse effects on growth and development of the Japanese medaka. However, in this study, if we only focused on Vtg gene change in males, E3 had strong estrogenic effects on male medaka under the conditions of these experiments.
- Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Toxicology & pharmacology : CBP.Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol.2014 Mar;160:86-92. doi: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2013.11.001. Epub 2013 Nov 11.
- The growth, development, and ERα and Vtg-I gene expressions of Japanese ricefish (Oryzias latipes; medaka) exposed to different concentrations of estriol (E3), including one environmentally relevant concentration, during embryo-adult life stages were evaluated. At the early life stage, fertilized e
- PMID 24230975
- The goldfish hAT-family transposon Tgf2 is capable of autonomous excision in zebrafish embryos.
- Cheng LD1, Jiang XY1, Tian YM1, Chen J1, Zou SM2.Author information 1Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Shanghai Ocean University, Huchenghuan Road 999, Shanghai 201306, China.2Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Shanghai Ocean University, Huchenghuan Road 999, Shanghai 201306, China. Electronic address: smzou@shou.edu.cn.AbstractThe goldfish (Carassius auratus) Tgf2 transposon is a vertebrate DNA transposon that belongs to the hAT transposon family. In this study, we constructed plasmids containing either the full-length Tgf2 transposon (pTgf2 plasmid) or a partially-deleted Tgf2 transposon (ΔpTgf2 plasmid), and microinjected these plasmids into fertilized zebrafish (Danio rerio) eggs at the one- to two-cell stage. DNA extracted from the embryos was analyzed by PCR to assess transient excision, if any, of the exogenous plasmid and to verify whether Tgf2 is an autonomous transposon. The results showed that excision-specific bands were not detected in embryos injected with the ΔpTgf2 plasmid, while bands of 300-500bp were detected in embryos injected with pTgf2, which indicated that the full-length Tgf2-containing plasmid could undergo autonomous excision in zebrafish embryos. DNA cloned from 24 embryos injected with pTgf2 was sequenced, and the results suggested that Tgf2 underwent self-excision in zebrafish embryos. Cloning and PCR analysis of DNA extracted from embryos co-injected with ΔpTgf2 and in vitro-transcribed transposase mRNA indicated that partially-deleted-Tgf2-containing ΔpTgf2 plasmid also underwent excision, in the presence of functional transposase mRNA. DNA cloned from 25 embryos co-injected with ΔpTgf2 and transposase mRNA was sequenced, and the results suggested that partially-deleted Tgf2 transposons plasmids were excised. These results demonstrated that excisions of Tgf2 transposons were mediated by the Tgf2 transposase, which in turn confirmed that Tgf2 is an autonomous transposon.
- Gene.Gene.2014 Feb 15;536(1):74-8. doi: 10.1016/j.gene.2013.11.084. Epub 2013 Dec 7.
- The goldfish (Carassius auratus) Tgf2 transposon is a vertebrate DNA transposon that belongs to the hAT transposon family. In this study, we constructed plasmids containing either the full-length Tgf2 transposon (pTgf2 plasmid) or a partially-deleted Tgf2 transposon (ΔpTgf2 plasmid), and microinjec
- PMID 24321692
- In vitro and in vivo toxicities of sediment and surface water in an area near a major steel industry of Korea: Endocrine disruption, reproduction, or survival effects combined with instrumental analysis.
- Kim S1, Lee S1, Kim C1, Liu X1, Seo J1, Jung H1, Ji K1, Hong S2, Park J2, Khim JS2, Yoon S3, Lee W4, Park J4, Choi K5.Author information 1School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.2School of Earth and Environmental Sciences & Research Institute of Oceanography, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.3Research Institute of Industrial Science & Technology, Pohang, Republic of Korea.4College of Natural Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Republic of Korea.5School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: kyungho@snu.ac.kr.AbstractThe influence of industrial and/or municipal contaminant inputs on the aquatic environment of Pohang, Korea was investigated, with a focus on bioassay combined with instrumental analysis. Pohang is the most heavily populated city in Gyeongsangbuk-do province of Korea, with more than half a million residents, and also hosts the nation's biggest steel manufacturer and related industries. Sediment (n=15) and surface water samples (n=17) were collected from Hyeongsan River which runs across the Pohang city, in two separate events, i.e., June 2010 and February 2011. Sediment samples were first Soxhlet-extracted (raw extract) and were measured for estrogenicity using H295R cell line, and also analyzed for alkylphenols (APs), bisphenol A (BPA), PAHs, and PCBs. For sediment samples which exhibited greatest effects in the cell line, further fractionation was performed into non-polar, mid-polar, and polar portions. In surface water samples, heavy metals were also analyzed. Among 15 sediment samples, station S2 near the steel industry complex and station M3 near the municipal area showed the greatest sex hormone changes, and these changes were generally explained by the fractions which contained APs and BPA. Principal component analysis (PCA) however suggests that chemicals that were not analyzed in the present study would better explain endocrine disruption capacity of sediments. In water samples, adverse effects on hatchability and growth of Japanese medaka fish, and on Daphnia reproduction were noted following exposure to six water samples collected from stations near industrial and municipal areas. Several heavy metals and nonylphenol (NP) concentrations exceeded surface water quality guidelines, suggesting adverse effects of contamination inputs from both industrial and municipal activities. Observed estrogenicities in stations such as S2 and M3 warrant further investigations on longer term ecosystem impacts near industrial and municipal areas. The levels of major organic chemicals in sediments are quite comparable to those reported in ~10years ago, emphasizing a need for source control.
- The Science of the total environment.Sci Total Environ.2014 Feb 1;470-471:1509-16. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.08.010. Epub 2013 Sep 7.
- The influence of industrial and/or municipal contaminant inputs on the aquatic environment of Pohang, Korea was investigated, with a focus on bioassay combined with instrumental analysis. Pohang is the most heavily populated city in Gyeongsangbuk-do province of Korea, with more than half a million r
- PMID 24016722
Japanese Journal
- Transactivational property of chemicals via medaka glucocorticoid receptor 1b using a stable reporter gene assay
- Sato Kazuya,Okamoto Masaki,Suzuki Yuta [他]
- Fisheries science 79(6), 943-948, 2013-11
- NAID 40019872794
- MiR-124 is Involved in Post-transcriptional Regulation of Polypyrimidine Tract Binding Protein 1 (PTBP1) During Neural Development in the Medaka, Oryzias latipes
- Kato Yumiko,Kusakabe Rie,Inoue Kunio [他]
- Zoological science 30(11), 891-900, 2013-11
- NAID 40019863773
- Molecular Cloning and Bacterial Expression of the Catalytic Domain of the SENP1 Gene of Oryzias latipes
- OBATA Shinpei,YUASA Eri,SEKI Daisuke [他]
- Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry 77(8), 1788-1791, 2013-08
- NAID 40019760252
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★リンクテーブル★
[★]
- 英
- medaka、cyprinodont、Oryzias latipes
- 関
- ニホンメダカ、メダカ属
[★]
メダカ
- 関
- cyprinodont、japanese medaka、medaka、Oryzias
[★]
メダカ属
- 関
- japanese medaka、medaka、Oryzias latipes
[★]
メダカ
- 関
- medaka、Oryzias latipes
[★]
- 関
- medaka、Oryzias、Oryzias latipes