関: medaka、Oryzias latipes

WordNet

any member of the family Cyprinodontidae

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/05/24 11:10:34」(JST)

wiki en

Pupfish are a group of small killifish belonging to ten genera of the family Cyprinodontidae of ray-finned fish. Pupfish are especially noted for being found in extreme and isolated situations. They are primarily found in North America, South America, and the Caribbean region, but Aphanius are from southwestern Asia, northern Africa and southern Europe. As of August 2006 there were 120 known nominal species, and 9 subspecies.

The common name is said to derive from the mating habits of the males, whose activities vaguely resemble puppies at play.

In spite of their name, the cyprinodontids are not closely related to Cyprinidae, or carp family. They were formerly considered near allies of the pikes and their relatives, as they share some features: a flat head with protractile mouth beset with cardiform, villiform, or compressed, bi- or tri-cuspid teeth, generally large scales, and the absence of a well-developed lateral line. However, they are now generally assigned to the order Cyprinodontiformes. Several forms occur in the fossil records of the Oligocene and Miocene beds of Europe.

Most pupfish are inhabitants of the fresh and brackish waters. Many species are ovoviviparous.

Genera

Aphanius
Cualac
Cubanichthys
Cyprinodon
Floridichthys
Garmanella
Jordanella
Megupsilon
Orestias

References

English Journal

Measuring titratable alkalinity by single versus double endpoint titration: An evaluation in two cyprinodont species and implications for characterizing net H+ flux in aquatic organisms.

Brix KV, Wood CM, Grosell M.Author information RSMAS, University of Miami, 4600 Rickenback Cswy., Miami, FL 33149, USA. kbrix@rsmas.miami.eduAbstractIn this study, Na(+) uptake and acid-base balance in the euryhaline pupfish Cyprinodon variegatus variegatus were characterized when fish were exposed to pH 4.5 freshwater (7mM Na(+)). Similar to the related cyprinodont, Fundulus heteroclitus, Na(+) uptake was significantly inhibited when exposed to low pH water. However, it initially appeared that C. v. variegatus increased apparent net acid excretion at low pH relative to circumneutral pH. This result is opposite to previous observations for F. heteroclitus under similar conditions where fish were observed to switch from apparent net H(+) excretion at circumneutral pH to apparent net H(+) uptake at low pH. Further investigation revealed disparate observations between these studies were the result of using double endpoint titrations to measure titratable alkalinity fluxes in the current study, while the earlier study utilized single endpoint titrations to measure these fluxes (i.e.,. Cyprinodon acid-base transport is qualitatively similar to Fundulus when characterized using single endpoint titrations). This led to a comparative investigation of these two methods. We hypothesized that either the single endpoint methodology was being influenced by a change in the buffer capacity of the water (e.g., mucus being released by the fish) at low pH, or the double endpoint methodology was not properly accounting for ammonia flux by the fish. A series of follow-up experiments indicated that buffer capacity of the water did not change significantly, that excretion of protein (a surrogate for mucus) was actually reduced at low pH, and that the double endpoint methodology does not properly account for NH(3) excretion by fish under low pH conditions. As a result, it overestimates net H(+) excretion during low pH exposure. After applying the maximum possible correction for this error (i.e., assuming that all ammonia is excreted as NH(3)), the double endpoint methodology indicates that net H(+) transport was reduced to effectively zero in both species at pH 4.5. However, significant differences between the double endpoint (no net H(+) transport at low pH) and single endpoint titrations (net H(+) uptake at low pH) remain to be explained.
Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Part A, Molecular & integrative physiology.Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol.2013 Jan;164(1):221-8. doi: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2012.09.010. Epub 2012 Sep 20.
In this study, Na(+) uptake and acid-base balance in the euryhaline pupfish Cyprinodon variegatus variegatus were characterized when fish were exposed to pH 4.5 freshwater (7mM Na(+)). Similar to the related cyprinodont, Fundulus heteroclitus, Na(+) uptake was significantly inhibited when exposed to
PMID 23000354

A microinjection protocol for the generation of transgenic killifish (Species: Nothobranchius furzeri).

Hartmann N, Englert C.Author information Leibniz Institute for Age Research - Fritz Lipmann Institute (FLI), Molecular Genetics, Jena, Germany. hartmann@fli-leibniz.deAbstractBACKGROUND: A challenge in age research is the absence of short-lived vertebrate model organisms. The turquoise killifish Nothobranchius furzeri has an exceptionally short lifespan of 4-10 months depending on the strain. Thus, it possesses the shortest known maximum lifespan of a vertebrate species that can be bred in captivity.
Developmental dynamics : an official publication of the American Association of Anatomists.Dev Dyn.2012 Jun;241(6):1133-41. doi: 10.1002/dvdy.23789. Epub 2012 Apr 26.
BACKGROUND: A challenge in age research is the absence of short-lived vertebrate model organisms. The turquoise killifish Nothobranchius furzeri has an exceptionally short lifespan of 4-10 months depending on the strain. Thus, it possesses the shortest known maximum lifespan of a vertebrate species
PMID 22473915

The use of cyprinodont fish, Aphanius fasciatus, as a sentinel organism to detect complex genotoxic mixtures in the coastal lagoon ecosystem.

Mosesso P, Angeletti D, Pepe G, Pretti C, Nascetti G, Bellacima R, Cimmaruta R, Jha AN.Author information Dipartimento di Scienze Ecologiche e Biologiche, Università degli Studi della Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy. mosesso@unitus.itAbstractIn the present work we aimed to standardise the alkaline comet assay with erythrocytes of the cyprinodont, Mediterranean Killifish, Aphanius fasciatus. The aims of the study were to explore the suitability of this fish to assess biomarkers of genotoxic effects and as a sentinel organism to detect complex genotoxic mixtures in coastal lagoon ecosystems. Following proper optimisation, the application and effectiveness of the comet assay in erythrocytes of A. fasciatus were tested by measuring the tail DNA (%) induced by (a) in vivo exposure of individual fish to X-rays (dose, 3Gy) and (b) following in vitro challenge of erythrocytes with restriction endonucleases Fok-I and Eco-RI, which selectively induce double-strand breaks with cohesive and blunt termini, respectively. Furthermore, in order to evaluate whether circulating fish blood contained actively proliferating cells that could influence the extent of DNA damage in control (untreated) fish, we measured the number of "comets" positive for 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) by the use of anti-BrdU antibody and immuno-histochemical methods. Both treatments (i.e. with X-rays and restriction endonucleases) induced statistically significant increases in tail DNA (%) values compared with the relevant untreated controls, indicating the effectiveness of the comet assay in the erythrocytes of A. fasciatus to detect different types of DNA lesions. Results from anti-BrdU antibody labelling of erythrocytes indicated a very low percentage (5%) of "comets" positive for BrdU. Following optimisation and validation of the assay under laboratory conditions, fish were collected in the Orbetello lagoon (Tuscany, Italy), considered to be a significantly polluted site. The results showed statistically significant increases for tail DNA (%) compared with corresponding values observed in erythrocytes of fish caught in the unpolluted reference site "Saline di Tarquinia". The effects of physico-chemical parameters of the water (i.e., salinity, pH and oxygen content) did not significantly influence the induction of DNA damage. These results indicate that the comet assay provides a reliable parameter and that A. fasciatus is a promising "sentinel organism" to detect the genotoxic impact of complex mixtures in coastal lagoon ecosystems.
Mutation research.Mutat Res.2012 Feb 18;742(1-2):31-6. doi: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2011.11.018. Epub 2011 Dec 24.
In the present work we aimed to standardise the alkaline comet assay with erythrocytes of the cyprinodont, Mediterranean Killifish, Aphanius fasciatus. The aims of the study were to explore the suitability of this fish to assess biomarkers of genotoxic effects and as a sentinel organism to detect co
PMID 22222993

Japanese Journal

実験187「メダカの行動〜刺激に対する適切な反応〜」の教材

佐藤賢治,數本芳行,小岩康子,齋藤亘弘
仙台市科学館研究報告 (20), 1-7, 2011-03-31
「メダカ」(Oryzias latipes)は多くの人に知られたなじみのある魚である。しかし,その大きさのせいもあって正しい姿や行動はあまり知られていない。また環境の変化や外来魚の影響により「メダカ」自体の数も大きく減少しレッドデータブックに記載されるまでになっている。ここでは,「外界からの刺激に対する反応」を観察し,それらの行動の意味や仕組みについて学習するための教材化を図った。また,環境に適応 …
NAID 110008751292

流速増大時のメダカの避難行動

端憲二,本間新哉,中達男
農業工学研究所研究成果情報（旧　農業工学関係研究成果情報） H12(0), 13-14, 2001
絶滅危惧種に指定されたメダカを対象に流速と遊泳行動の関係を調べ、流速増大時に水草などの背後の流れの緩やかな部分に避難することなどを明らかにした。群れの過半数が避難するのは流速18∼22cm/s(全長の6∼7倍程度)であり、メダカにとって移動などのための安全な流速は15∼20cm/s以下であると考えられた。
NAID 130004648734

DEVELOPMENTAL EXPRESSION OF ESTROGEN RECEPTOR IN CYPRINODONT FISH, MUMMICHOG (FUNDULUS HETELOCRITUS)(Endocrinology)(Proceedings of the Sixty-Ninth Annual Meeting of the Zoological Society of Japan)

Urusitani H.,Sato T.,Shimizu A.,Iguchi T.
Zoological science 15(Supplement), 6, 1998-12-15
NAID 110003369605

Related Pictures

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「メダカ」「medaka」「Oryzias latipes」

「メダカ」

Pupfish
	Death Valley pupfish, Cyprinodon salinus spawning
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Actinopterygii
Order:	Cyprinodontiformes
Family:	Cyprinodontidae; T. N. Gill, 1865

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英: medaka、cyprinodont、Oryzias latipes
関: ニホンメダカ、メダカ属

「medaka」

　　[★]

メダカ

関: cyprinodont、japanese medaka、Oryzias、Oryzias latipes

「Oryzias latipes」

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メダカ

関: cyprinodont、japanese medaka、medaka、Oryzias

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案内

cyprinodont