- →n. lentigo 黒子
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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2014/11/17 00:30:20」(JST)
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| Lentigo |
| Classification and external resources |
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Benign lentigo on human skin (leg)
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| ICD-10 |
L81.4 |
| ICD-9 |
709.09 |
| DiseasesDB |
34325 |
| eMedicine |
derm/221 |
| Patient UK |
Lentigo |
| MeSH |
D007911 |
A lentigo (//) (plural lentigines, //) is a small pigmented spot on the skin with a clearly defined edge, surrounded by normal-appearing skin. It is a harmless (benign) hyperplasia of melanocytes which is linear in its spread. This means the hyperplasia of melanocytes is restricted to the cell layer directly above the basement membrane of the epidermis where melanocytes normally reside. This is in contrast to the "nests" of multi-layer melanocytes found in moles (melanocytic nevi). Because of this characteristic feature, the adjective "lentiginous" is used to describe other skin lesions that similarly proliferate linearly within the basal cell layer.[1][2]
Lentigines are distinguished from freckles (ephelis) based on the proliferation of melanocytes. Freckles have a relatively normal number of melanocytes but an increased amount of melanin. A lentigo has an increased number of melanocytes. Freckles will increase in number and darkness with sunlight exposure, whereas lentigines will stay stable in their color regardless of sunlight exposure.[2]
Conditions characterized by lentigines include:[3]:686–687
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- Lentigo simplex
- Solar lentigo (Liver spots)
- PUVA lentigines
- Ink spot lentigo
- LEOPARD syndrome
- Mucosal lentigines
- Multiple lentigines syndrome
- Moynahan syndrome
- Generalized lentiginosis
- Centrofacial lentiginosis
- Carney complex
- Inherited patterned lentiginosis in black persons
- Partial unilateral lentiginosis
- Peutz-Jeghers syndrome
- Acral lentiginous melanoma
See also
- Skin lesion
- Skin disease
- List of skin diseases
References
- ^ Random House Webster's Unabridged Dictionary. Random House, Inc. 2001. Page 1101. ISBN 0-375-72026-X.
- ^ a b Robbins and Cotran Pathologic Basis of Disease Elsevier. 2005. Page 1232. ISBN 0-8089-2302-1 .
- ^ William D. James, Timothy G. Berger, et al. (2006). Andrews' Diseases of the Skin: Clinical Dermatology. Saunders Elsevier. ISBN 0-7216-2921-0.
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Clinical and histological nomenclature for skin lesions
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| Macroscopic |
| Primary lesions |
- flat
- elevated
- fluid
- Ulcer
- Erosion
- Telangiectasia
- Special initial lesions : Burrow
- Comedone
- Scutulum
- Target lesion
- Herald patch
- Wheal
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| Secondary lesions |
- Scale
- Crust
- Lichenification
- Excoriation
- Induration
- Atrophy
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|
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| Microscopic |
- keratin: Hyperkeratosis
- Parakeratosis
- Dyskeratosis
- Hypergranulosis
- Acanthosis
- Papillomatosis
- Acantholysis
- Spongiosis
- Hydropic swelling
- Exocytosis
- Vacuolization
- Erosion
- Ulceration
- Lentiginous
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Pigmentation disorders/Dyschromia (L80–L81, 709.0)
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Hypo-/
leucism |
| Loss of melanocytes |
| vitiligo: |
- Quadrichrome vitiligo
- Vitiligo ponctué
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| syndromic |
- Alezzandrini syndrome
- Vogt–Koyanagi–Harada syndrome
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|
| melanocyte development: |
- Piebaldism
- Waardenburg syndrome
- Tietz syndrome
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|
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Loss of melanin/
amelanism |
| albinism: |
- Oculocutaneous albinism
- Ocular albinism
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|
| melanosome transfer: |
- Hermansky–Pudlak syndrome
- Chédiak–Higashi syndrome
- Griscelli syndrome
- Elejalde syndrome
- Griscelli syndrome type 2
- Griscelli syndrome type 3
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|
| other: |
- Cross syndrome
- ABCD syndrome
- Albinism–deafness syndrome
- Idiopathic guttate hypomelanosis
- Phylloid hypomelanosis
- Progressive macular hypomelanosis
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|
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Leukoderma w/o
hypomelanosis |
- Vasospastic macule
- Woronoff's ring
- Nevus anemicus
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| Ungrouped |
- Nevus depigmentosus
- Postinflammatory hypopigmentation
- Pityriasis alba
- Vagabond's leukomelanoderma
- Yemenite deaf-blind hypopigmentation syndrome
- Wende–Bauckus syndrome
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|
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| Hyper- |
Melanin/
Melanosis/
Melanism |
| Reticulated |
- Dermatopathia pigmentosa reticularis
- Pigmentatio reticularis faciei et colli
- Reticulate acropigmentation of Kitamura
- Reticular pigmented anomaly of the flexures
- Naegeli–Franceschetti–Jadassohn syndrome
- Dyskeratosis congenita
- X-linked reticulate pigmentary disorder
- Galli–Galli disease
- Revesz syndrome
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Diffuse/
circumscribed |
- Lentigo/Lentiginosis: Lentigo simplex
- Liver spot
- Centrofacial lentiginosis
- Generalized lentiginosis
- Inherited patterned lentiginosis in black persons
- Ink spot lentigo
- Lentigo maligna
- Mucosal lentigines
- Partial unilateral lentiginosis
- PUVA lentigines
- Melasma
- Erythema dyschromicum perstans
- Lichen planus pigmentosus
- Café au lait spot
- Poikiloderma (Poikiloderma of Civatte
- Poikiloderma vasculare atrophicans)
- Riehl melanosis
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| Linear |
- Incontinentia pigmenti
- Scratch dermatitis
- Shiitake mushroom dermatitis
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| Other/ungrouped |
- Acanthosis nigricans
- Freckle
- Familial progressive hyperpigmentation
- Pallister–Killian syndrome
- Periorbital hyperpigmentation
- Photoleukomelanodermatitis of Kobori
- Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation
- Transient neonatal pustular melanosis
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Other
pigments |
| iron: |
- Hemochromatosis
- Iron metallic discoloration
- Pigmented purpuric dermatosis
- Schamberg disease
- Majocchi's disease
- Gougerot–Blum syndrome
- Doucas and Kapetanakis pigmented purpura/Eczematid-like purpura of Doucas and Kapetanakis
- Lichen aureus
- Angioma serpiginosum
- Hemosiderin hyperpigmentation
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| other metals: |
- Argyria
- Chrysiasis
- Arsenic poisoning
- Lead poisoning
- Titanium metallic discoloration
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| other: |
- Carotenosis
- Tattoo
- Tar melanosis
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| Dyschromatoses |
- Dyschromatosis symmetrica hereditaria
- Dyschromatosis universalis hereditaria
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noco (i/b/d/q/u/r/p/m/k/v/f)/cong/tumr (n/e/d), sysi/epon
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proc, drug (D2/3/4/5/8/11)
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Tumors: Skin neoplasm, Nevi and melanomas (C43/D22, 172/216, ICD-O 8720-8799)
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| Melanoma |
- Mucosal melanoma
- Superficial spreading melanoma
- Nodular melanoma
- lentigo
- Lentigo maligna/Lentigo maligna melanoma
- Acral lentiginous melanoma
- Amelanotic melanoma
- Desmoplastic melanoma
- Melanoma with features of a Spitz nevus
- Melanoma with small nevus-like cells
- Polypoid melanoma
- Nevoid melanoma
- Melanocytic tumors of uncertain malignant potential
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Nevus/
melanocytic nevus |
- Nevus of Ito/Nevus of Ota
- Compound nevus
- Spitz nevus
- Pigmented spindle cell nevus
- Halo nevus
- Junctional nevus
- Pseudomelanoma
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- Blue nevus
- of Jadassohn–Tièche
- Cellular
- Epithelioid
- Deep penetrating
- Amelanotic
- Malignant
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- Congenital melanocytic nevus (Giant
- Medium-sized
- Small-sized)
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- Balloon cell nevus
- Dysplastic nevus/Dysplastic nevus syndrome
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- Acral nevus
- Becker's nevus
- Benign melanocytic nevus
- Nevus spilus
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noco (i/b/d/q/u/r/p/m/k/v/f)/cong/tumr (n/e/d), sysi/epon
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proc, drug (D2/3/4/5/8/11)
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UpToDate Contents
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English Journal
- Atypical umbilical naevi: histopathological analysis of 20 cases.
- Arps DP1, Fullen DR, Chan MP.
- Histopathology.Histopathology.2015 Feb;66(3):363-9. doi: 10.1111/his.12503. Epub 2014 Dec 22.
- AIMS: Melanocytic naevi on the umbilicus have been described as a form of flexural naevi, with the most common feature being a 'nested and dyshesive pattern'. We have encountered a distinct group of umbilical naevi with more significant atypia and prominent fibrosis, not reported previously. This st
- PMID 25109391
- Role of obesity on the thickness of primary cutaneous melanoma.
- Skowron F1, Bérard F, Balme B, Maucort-Boulch D.
- Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV.J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol.2015 Feb;29(2):262-9. doi: 10.1111/jdv.12515. Epub 2014 Apr 21.
- BACKGROUND: Thick primary cutaneous melanoma (PCM) is associated with older age, male sex, being single, a low educational level, self-detection and general practice detection, nodular melanoma (NM) and acral lentiginous melanoma (ALM) types; and are found in the head-neck and lower limb locations.
- PMID 24750303
- BRAF V600 mutations and pathological features in Japanese melanoma patients.
- Yamazaki N1, Tanaka R, Tsutsumida A, Namikawa K, Eguchi H, Omata W, Oashi K, Ogawa T, Hayashi A, Nakamura N, Tsuta K.
- Melanoma research.Melanoma Res.2015 Feb;25(1):9-14. doi: 10.1097/CMR.0000000000000091.
- Ultraviolet radiation is a risk factor for BRAF V600 mutations frequently found in melanomas that cause constitutive BRAF activation. Primary sites of melanoma and the frequency of BRAF mutations might differ between races. Melanoma is rare in Japan (1500-2000 cases/year compared with 132 000/year
- PMID 25051202
Japanese Journal
- 飯野 志郎,丸田 直樹,高嶋 渉,長谷川 稔,峯岸 芳樹,中井 國博,清原 隆宏
- Skin Cancer 29(3), 313-317, 2015
- 62歳，男性。左母趾尖端部に爪甲色素線条と連続した赤黒色腫瘤があった。腫瘤は徐々に増大し出血を伴ってきた。爪甲の破壊はなかった。腫瘤部の切除生検により悪性黒色腫と診断した。CT，PETで遠隔転移はなく，爪母を含めた拡大切除およびセンチネルリンパ節生検を施行した。鼠径リンパ節に被膜外浸潤を伴う転移を確認し，鼠径および骨盤内郭清を施行した。術後DTIC単独投与，IFNβ局注を3クール施行した。郭清から …
- NAID 130005067556
- 外腸骨動脈周囲にセンチネルリンパ節を認めた末端黒子型黒色腫の1例 (特集 悪性黒色腫)
- 左母趾を温存して原発巣を切除した左足底悪性黒色腫の1例
- 平林 恵,帆足 俊彦,中島 広子,五十棲 健
- Skin Cancer 28(3), 274-278, 2014
- 70歳代，男性。2，3年前左足底に黒色斑が出現した。初診時，左足底母趾基部に20×18mm大の色調不均一な黒色斑があり，その近傍に小黒色斑を二つ有し，主病変の皮表は過角化を来たしていた。左鼠径部に固い皮下腫瘤を二つ触れ，PET－CTでは左鼠径リンパ節転移が疑われた。衛星病巣，左鼠径リンパ節転移を伴う左足底悪性黒色腫と診断し，原発巣，衛星病巣をマージン1～2 cmで切除した。右足底からの植皮で再建し …
- NAID 130004697515
Related Links
- Lentiginous definition, of or relating to a lentigo. See more. Thesaurus Translate Reference Word of the Day Blog Slideshows Apps by Dictionary My Account Log Out Log In follow Dictionary.com Dictionary Thesaurus Translate ...
- Definition of Lentiginous in the Online Dictionary. Meaning of Lentiginous. Pronunciation of Lentiginous. Translations of Lentiginous. Lentiginous synonyms, Lentiginous antonyms. Information about Lentiginous in the free online ...
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