WordNet

surround with a wall in order to fortify (同)palisade, fence, fence in, surround
a difficult or awkward situation; "his back was to the wall"; "competition was pushing them to the wall"
a layer of material that encloses space; "the walls of the cylinder were perforated"; "the containers walls were blue"
a masonry fence (as around an estate or garden); "the wall followed the road"; "he ducked behind the garden wall and waited"
an architectural partition with a height and length greater than its thickness; used to divide or enclose an area or to support another structure; "the south wall had a small window"; "the walls were covered with pictures"
(anatomy) a layer (a lining or membrane) that encloses a structure; "stomach walls" (同)paries
a vertical (or almost vertical) smooth rock face (as of a cave or mountain)
anything that suggests a wall in structure or function or effect; "a wall of water"; "a wall of smoke"; "a wall of prejudice"; "negotiations ran into a brick wall"
of or relating to hair
a tube of small internal diameter; holds liquid by capillary action (同)capillary tube, capillary tubing
any of the minute blood vessels connecting arterioles with venules (同)capillary_vessel
long and slender with a very small internal diameter; "a capillary tube" (同)hairlike
either of two bean-shaped excretory organs that filter wastes (especially urea) from the blood and excrete them and water in urine; "urine passes out of the kidney through ureters to the bladder"
of or relating to glomeruli
an alliance of nations joining together to fight a common enemy

PrepTutorEJDIC

{C}(石・れんがなどの)『壁』,へい / {U}(胃などの)内壁,内側 / {C}(…の)壁[のようなもの]《+of+名》 / …‘を'壁(へい)で囲む / …‘を'壁で仕切る / 〈窓・入り口など〉‘を'壁ぃふさぐ《+up+名,+名+up》
毛状の,毛のように細い / 毛細管の / 毛細管
腎臓;(食品としての)羊(豚など)の腎臓 / 《文》気質,性質,たち(nature)

UpToDate Contents

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1. 成人の非糖尿病性慢性腎臓病患者に対する降圧療法と病状の進展 antihypertensive therapy and progression of nondiabetic chronic kidney disease in adults
2. 成人における慢性腎臓病マネージメントの概要 overview of the management of chronic kidney disease in adults
3. 降圧療法と慢性腎臓病の進行：実験的研究 antihypertensive therapy and progression of chronic kidney disease experimental studies
4. 慢性腎臓病の二次的要因と進行 secondary factors and progression of chronic kidney disease
5. 急性腎障害（急性腎不全）における腎前性疾患および急性尿細管壊死の病因および診断 etiology and diagnosis of prerenal disease and acute tubular necrosis in acute kidney injury acute renal failure

English Journal

Podocyte injury enhances filtration of liver-derived angiotensinogen and renal angiotensin II generation.

Matsusaka T, Niimura F, Pastan I, Shintani A, Nishiyama A, Ichikawa I.Source1] Department of Internal Medicine, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan [2] Institute of Medical Science, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan.
Kidney international.Kidney Int.2013 Nov 27. doi: 10.1038/ki.2013.453. [Epub ahead of print]
Intrarenal angiotensin II is increased in kidney diseases independently of plasma angiotensin II and is thought to promote progressive deterioration of renal architecture. Here we investigated the mechanism of enhanced renal angiotensin II generation in kidney glomerular diseases. For this, kidney-
PMID 24284520

Membranous glomerulonephritis with crescents.

Barrett CM, Troxell ML, Larsen CP, Houghton DC.SourceDepartment of Pathology, Oregon Health and Science University, L471, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd, Portland, OR, 97239, USA.
International urology and nephrology.Int Urol Nephrol.2013 Nov 12. [Epub ahead of print]
PURPOSE: The coexistence of membranous glomerulonephritis (MGN) and necrotizing and crescentic glomerulonephritis (NCGN) is an unusual finding in a renal biopsy except in lupus nephritis. Little is known about whether these lesions are causally related in any clinical setting.METHODS: We reviewed th
PMID 24217802

C3 glomerulonephritis associated with monoclonal gammopathy: a case series.

Zand L, Kattah A, Fervenza FC, Smith RJ, Nasr SH, Zhang Y, Vrana JA, Leung N, Cornell LD, Sethi S.SourceDepartment of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
American journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation.Am J Kidney Dis.2013 Sep;62(3):506-14. doi: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2013.02.370. Epub 2013 Apr 26.
BACKGROUND: C3 glomerulonephritis (GN) is a proliferative GN resulting from glomerular deposition of complement factors due to dysregulation of the alternative pathway of complement. Dysregulation of the alternative pathway of complement may occur as a result of mutations or functional inhibition of
PMID 23623956