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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2016/01/08 09:31:37」(JST)

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Hypopyon is inflammatory cells in the anterior chamber of the eye.

It is a leukocytic exudate, seen in the anterior chamber, usually accompanied by redness of the conjunctiva and the underlying episclera. It is a sign of inflammation of the anterior uvea and iris, i.e. iritis, which is a form of anterior uveitis. The exudate settles at the dependent aspect of the eye due to gravity.

Differential diagnosis

Hypopyon can also be present in a corneal ulcer, particularly of fungal etiology like Aspergillus and Fusarium sp., Behcet's disease, endophthalmitis, and panuveitis/panophthalmitis. Hypopyon is also known as sterile pus, as it occurs due to the release of toxins and not by the actual invasion of pathogens. The toxins secreted by the pathogens mediate the outpouring of leukocytes that settle down in the anterior chamber of the eye. Hypopyon is the only pus in the body that does not require any specific treatment as treatment of the underlying cause results in its resolution. An inverse hypopyon needs to be differentiated from a standard hypopyon. Inverse hypopyon is seen sometimes after a pars plana vitrectomy with insertion of silicon oil (as a replacement of the vitreous humour that has been removed in the operation; the silicon oil maintains internal tamponade). When the silicon oil emulsifies, it seeps into the anterior chamber and settles at the top of the anterior chamber. Compare from the hypopyon resulting due to the toxins where the leukocytes settle at the bottom of the anterior chamber. This is due to the effect of gravity, hence the name inverse hypopyon.

References

Gonzalez-Granado LI. Aspergillus endophthalmitis: Pars plana vitrectomy is an alternative Indian J Med Sci 2009;63(8):366-367. doi:10.4103/0019-5359.55892 most of time without proper medical care patients end-up with blindness.

External links

http://www.stlukeseye.com/Conditions/Hypopyon.asp

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English Journal

Inverted hypopyon in the eye.

Tripathy K1, Sharma YR1.
BMJ case reports.BMJ Case Rep.2016 Feb 17;2016. pii: bcr2016214638. doi: 10.1136/bcr-2016-214638.
PMID 26887888

Post-traumatic endophthalmitis in 143 eyes of children and adolescents from India.

Rishi E1, Rishi P1, Koundanya VV1, Sahu C1, Roy R1, Bhende PS1.
Eye (London, England).Eye (Lond).2016 Feb 12. doi: 10.1038/eye.2016.9. [Epub ahead of print]
PurposeThe purpose of this study was to describe clinical features, risk factors, causative organisms, treatment options, and outcomes of post-traumatic endophthalmitis in children and adolescents.MethodsRetrospective interventional case series. Case records of 143 consecutive eyes presenting with p
PMID 26869162

Fungal Keratitis Caused by Exserohilum, An Emerging Pathogen.

Rathi H1, Venugopal A, Rameshkumar G, Ramakrishnan R, Meenakshi R.
Cornea.Cornea.2016 Feb 9. [Epub ahead of print]
PURPOSE: To determine the epidemiology, risk factors, clinical features, and prognosis of fungal keratitis caused by Exserohilum.METHODS: All culture-proven cases of keratomycosis caused by Exserohilum presented from January 2012 to December 2014 were retrospectively analyzed using a computerized da
PMID 26863500

Japanese Journal

緑膿菌角膜炎における臨床所見の検討 : 新しい代表的所見としてのブラシ状混濁の提言

佐々木香る,稲田紀子,熊谷直樹 [他]
あたらしい眼科 30(2), 255-259, 2013-02
NAID 40019597578

インターネット販売購入の1週間連続装用コンタクトレンズによる重篤な角膜潰瘍の1例

小野まどか,篠崎和美,三田覚 [他],木全奈都子,高村悦子,堀貞夫,ONO Madoka,SHINOZAKI Kazumi,MITA Satoru,KIMATA Natsuko,TAKAMURA Etsuko,HORI Sadao
東京女子医科大学雑誌 82(E1), E239-E243, 2012-01-31
インターネット購入をした1週間連続装用ディスポーザブルレンズ(1WDSCL)を装用し、重篤な角膜潰瘍を発症した1例を経験したので報告する。52歳、男性。既往歴は、糖尿病、糖尿病虹彩炎。1WDSCLの装用者だった。1WDSCLは、インターネットで購入し、定期検査は受けていなかった。2007年8月5日より、右眼の充血、眼痛、視力低下を自覚。虹彩炎の再燃と自己判断し、0.1%ベタメタゾン点眼薬を開始した …
NAID 110008767984

HLA-B27陽性急性前部ぶどう膜炎とベーチェット病の臨床像の違い

松生寛子,豊口光子,川原陽子 [他],島川眞知子,堀貞夫
東京女子医科大学雑誌 82(E1), E139-E143, 2012-01-31
目的:HLA-B27陽性急性前部ぶどう膜炎(human leucocyte antigen - B27 - associated acute anterior uveitis 以下HLA-B27 - AAU)とベーチェット病(以下BD)の前部ぶどう膜炎の臨床像のちがいについてretrospective studyにて調査した。,対象および方法:2003年4月から2005年3月までに当院を通院してい …
NAID 110008767966