heat-stable enterotoxin

耐熱性エンテロトキシン

WordNet

1. provide with heat; "heat the house"
2. a form of energy that is transferred by a difference in temperature (同)heat energy
3. make hot or hotter; "the sun heats the oceans"; "heat the water on the stove" (同)heat_up
4. gain heat or get hot; "The room heated up quickly" (同)hot up, heat_up
5. the trait of being intensely emotional (同)warmth, passion
6. the sensation caused by heat energy (同)warmth
7. a preliminary race in which the winner advances to a more important race
8. shelter in a stable; "stable horses"
9. a farm building for housing horses or other livestock (同)stalls, horse barn
10. firm and dependable; subject to little fluctuation; "the economy is stable"
11. maintaining equilibrium
12. not taking part readily in chemical change
13. resistant to change of position or condition; "a stable ladder"; "a stable peace"; "a stable relationship"; "stable prices"
14. stab or pierce; "he jabbed the piece of meat with his pocket knife" (同)jab
15. a strong blow with a knife or other sharp pointed instrument; "one strong stab to the heart killed him" (同)thrust, knife thrust
16. the 5th letter of the Hebrew alphabet
17. marked by emotional heat; vehement; "a heated argument"
18. made warm or hot (`het is a dialectal variant of `heated' (同)heated up, het, het_up

PrepTutorEJDIC

1. 〈U〉『熱さ』,『暑さ』,熱い状態 / 〈U〉熱度,温度 / 〈U〉(家などの)暖房装置 / 〈U〉熱心,熱烈;(物事の)最高潮《+『of』+『名』》 / 〈U〉(エネルギーとしての)熱 / 〈C〉(競技の)1回,1ラウンド / …‘を'『熱する』,暖める《+『up』+『名,』+『名』+『up』》 / …‘を'興奮させる,怒らせる《+『up』+『名,』+『名』+『up』》 / 熱くなる,暖まる《+『up』》
2. （雌の）発情（in heatとして使う）・金・銭・緊迫、プレッシャー、批判、批評、警察の追跡
3. 『安定した』,しっかりした(steady) / (人・意見などが)『着実な』,堅実な,信頼できる / (物理的に)安定な,復元力のある / (化学的に)安定した,簡単に分解しない
4. 《しばしば複数形で》《単数扱い》『馬小屋』,家畜小屋;(競馬で)厩舎(きゅうしゃ) / 《集合的に》(競馬で,ある厩舎に属する全部の)競走馬 / 《単数形で》《話》(同一の人の管理下にある)一群(の…)《+『of』+『名』》 / 〈馬〉‘を'馬小屋に入れる;〈家畜〉‘を'家畜小屋に入れる
5. (刃物・とがったものなどで)…‘を'『刺す』,突き刺す《+『名』+『with』+『名』〈刃物など〉》 / (…に)〈刃物・とがったものなど〉‘を'突き刺す《+『名』〈刃物など〉+『into』+『名』》stab a fork into meatフォークを肉に突き刺す / (…まで)〈人・心など〉‘を'鋭く傷つける《+『名』〈人・心など〉+『to』+『名』》 / (…に)刃物で突きかかる,(…に)突き刺さる《+『at』+『名』》 / 『突き刺すこと』 / 刺し傷 / 刺すような鋭い痛み / 《話》(…に対する)試み,企て《+『at』+『名』(do『ing』)》
6. 彼は,彼が / 《指す人の性別が分からないか,または分かる必要のない場合に》その人,あの人,自分 / 《he who(that)の形で》《文》…するものはだれでも / (動物の)おす(雄)
7. 鬼ごっこ(tag,tick,tig)
8. 熱せられた / 興奮した,怒った

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2014/06/19 01:45:32」(JST)

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[Wiki en表示]

Heat-stable enterotoxin B, secretory
Structure of Escherichia coli heat-stable enterotoxin b.
Identifiers
Symbol	STb_secrete
Pfam	PF09075
InterPro	IPR015160
PROSITE	PDOC00246
SCOP	1ehs
SUPERFAMILY	1ehs
OPM protein	1ehs
Available protein structures: Pfam structures PDB RCSB PDB; PDBe; PDBj PDBsum structure summary

Heat-stable enterotoxin ST
structural characteristics for biological activity of heat-stable enterotoxin produced by enterotoxigenic escherichia coli: x-ray crystallography of weakly toxic and nontoxic analogs
Identifiers
Symbol	Enterotoxin_ST
Pfam	PF02048
InterPro	IPR001489
PROSITE	PDOC00246
SCOP	1etn
SUPERFAMILY	1etn
Available protein structures: Pfam structures PDB RCSB PDB; PDBe; PDBj PDBsum structure summary

Heat stable E.coli enterotoxin 1
Identifiers
Symbol	Enterotoxin_HS1
Pfam	PF08090
InterPro	IPR012557
Available protein structures: Pfam structures PDB RCSB PDB; PDBe; PDBj PDBsum structure summary

Heat-stable enterotoxins (STs) are secretory peptides produced by some bacterial strains, such as enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli which are in general toxic to animals.

These peptides keep their 3D structure and remain active at temperatures as high as 100 °C.

Function

Different STs recognize distinct receptors on the surface of animal cells and thereby affect different intracellular signaling pathways. For example, STa enterotoxins bind and activate membrane-bound guanylate cyclase, which leads to the intracellular accumulation of cyclic GMP and downstream effects on several signaling pathways. These events lead to the loss of electrolytes and water from intestinal cells.

Heat-stable toxin 1 of entero-aggregative Escherichia coli (EAST1) is a small toxin. It is not, however, solely associated with entero-aggregative E. coli but also with many other diarrhoeic E. coli families. Some studies have established the role of EAST1 in some human outbreaks of diarrhoea. Isolates from farm animals have been shown to carry the astA gene coding for EAST1. However, the relation between the presence of EAST1 and disease is not conclusive.

Structure

The mature STa protein from Escherichia coli, which is the cause of acute diarrhoea in infants and travellers in developing countries, is a 19-residue peptide containing three disulphide bridges that are functionally important. STa contains an N-terminal signal peptide composed of two domains, Pre and Pro, involved in extracellular toxin release, and a core enterotoxigenic domain.

Members of heat-stable enterotoxin B family assume a helical secondary structure, with two alpha helices forming a disulfide cross-linked alpha-helical hairpin. The disulfide bonds are crucial for the toxic activity of the protein, and are required for maintenance of the tertiary structure, and subsequent interaction with the particulate form of guanylate cyclase, increasing cyclic GMP levels within the host intestinal epithelial cells.

References

This article incorporates text from the public domain Pfam and InterPro IPR001489

This article incorporates text from the public domain Pfam and InterPro IPR015160

This article incorporates text from the public domain Pfam and InterPro IPR012557

UpToDate Contents

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• 1. 微生物による食中毒疾患の鑑別診断 differential diagnosis of microbial foodborne disease
• 2. エルシニア感染の微生物学および病因 microbiology and pathogenesis of yersinia infections
• 3. 病原性大腸菌 pathogenic escherichia coli
• 4. 非O1/O139ビブリオコレラによる感染症 infections due to non o1 o139 vibrio cholerae
• 5. セレウス菌およびその他の非炭疽菌バシラス属 bacillus cereus and other non anthracis bacillus species

English Journal

• Characterization of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli strains isolated from Nicaraguan children in hospital, primary care and community settings.

• Vilchez S1, Becker-Dreps S, Amaya E, Perez C, Paniagua M, Reyes D, Espinoza F, Weintraub A.
• Journal of medical microbiology.J Med Microbiol.2014 May;63(Pt 5):729-34. doi: 10.1099/jmm.0.066779-0. Epub 2014 Feb 19.
• Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is one of the most common causes of diarrhoea among young children in developing countries. ETEC vaccines offer promise in reducing the burden of ETEC disease, but the development of these vaccines relies on the characterization of ETEC isolates from a variety
• PMID 24554743

• Chicken egg yolk immunoglobulin (IgY) developed against fusion protein LTB-STa-STb neutralizes the toxicity of Escherichia coli heat-stable enterotoxins.

• You J1, Xu Y, Li H, Wang L, Wu F, Xu F, Jin L, Li S, Li X.
• Journal of applied microbiology.J Appl Microbiol.2014 Apr 18. doi: 10.1111/jam.12525. [Epub ahead of print]
• AIM: To obtain a recombinant enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) fusion enterotoxin protein LTB-STa-STb (Bab) that can express the immunogenicity of the haptens STa and STb and induce their corresponding neutralizing antibodies.METHODS AND RESULTS: The three important ETEC enterotoxin genes codi
• PMID 24750381

• Added value of multiplex Luminex Gastrointestinal Pathogen Panel (xTAG® GPP) testing in the diagnosis of infectious gastroenteritis.

• Wessels E1, Rusman LG, van Bussel MJ, Claas EC.
• Clinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases.Clin Microbiol Infect.2014 Mar;20(3):O182-7. doi: 10.1111/1469-0691.12364. Epub 2013 Oct 17.
• The Luminex Gastrointestinal Pathogen Panel (xTAG(®) GPP) detects in one assay the most common gastroenteritis-causing pathogens and toxins, namely adenovirus 40/41, norovirus genogroup (NG) I/II, rotavirus A, Clostridium difficile toxin A/B, Campylobacter sp., Escherichia coli O157, Enterotoxigeni
• PMID 24131399

Japanese Journal

• Prevalent Phenotypic and Genotypic Profile of Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli among Iranian Children

• Nazarian Shahram,Gargari Seyed Latif Mousavi,Rasooli Iraj,Alerasol Masoome,Bagheri Samane,Alipoor Shakiba Darvish
• Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases 67(2), 78-85, 2014
• … Most of the isolates were positive for heat-labile and heat-stable toxins. … Heat-labile enterotoxin activity was confirmed using the Y1 adrenal cell assay, rabbit ileal loop and adenylate cyclase activation tests. …
• NAID 130003399254

• Nanoparticulated heat-stable (STa) and heat-labile B subunit (LTB) recombinant toxin improves vaccine protection against enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli challenge in mouse(GENETICS, MOLECULAR BIOLOGY, AND GENE ENGINEERING)

• Deng Guangcun,Zeng Jin,Jian Minjie [他],Liu Wenmiao,Zhang Zhong,Liu Xiaoming,Wang Yujiong
• Journal of bioscience and bioengineering 115(2), 147-153, 2013-02
• … In this study, we genetically engineered a recombinant heat-stable enterotoxin (STa) coupled to the subunit B of heat-labile enterotoxin (LTB). …
• NAID 110009592562

• Vibrio parahaemolyticus, enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli, enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli and Vibrio cholerae

• Takeda Yoshifumi
• Proceedings of the Japan Academy, Series B 87(1), 1-12, 2011
• … pathogenic mechanism of the thermostable direct hemolysin produced by Vibrio parahaemolyticus, especially on its cardiotoxicity, (ii) heat-labile and heat-stable enterotoxins produced by enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli, especially structure–activity relationship of heat-stable enterotoxin, (iii) RNA N-glycosidase activity of Vero toxins (VT1 and VT2) produced by enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7, (iv) discovery …
• NAID 130000442362

Related Links

• Heat-stable enterotoxin - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Heat-stable enterotoxins (STs) are secretory peptides produced by some bacterial strains, such as enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli which are in general toxic to animals. These peptides keep their 3D structure and remain active at ...

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★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「耐熱性エンテロトキシン」
関連記事	「heat」「stable」「stab」「heating」「enterotoxins」

「耐熱性エンテロトキシン」

　　[★]

英

heat-stable enterotoxin ST

関

易熱性エンテロトキシン、大腸菌エンテロトキシン、毒素原性大腸菌 ETEC

-heat-stable enterotoxin

「heat」

　　[★]

• n.

• 熱、(生物)発情、発情期

• v.

• 加熱する、加温する

関

estrous、estrus、heating、hot、rewarming

　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　

「stable」

　　[★]

• adj.

• 安定な、安定性のある、安定的な

関

stability、stably

　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　

「stab」

　　[★]

• vt.

• 刺す。穿刺

関

needling、paracentesis、prick、pricking、puncture

　 　 　

「heating」

　　[★]

• n.

• 加温

関

heat、rewarming

　 　

「enterotoxins」

　　[★]

同

Staphylococcal enterotoxins, SE