harshness

　 　

WordNet

1. the roughness of a substance that causes abrasions (同)abrasiveness, scratchiness
2. the quality of being unpleasant (harsh or rough or grating) to the senses (同)roughness

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/07/16 06:56:04」(JST)

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[Wiki en表示]

For other uses, see Harsh (disambiguation).

Harshness (also called raucousness), in music information retrieval, is a Non-Contextual Low-Level Audio Descriptors (NLDs) that represents one dimension of the multi-dimensional psychoacoustic feature called as musical timbre.

Classical timbre’ NLDs are roughness, spectral centroid, and spectral flux. While harmonicity and inharmonicity can also be considered NLDs, harshness differs from them, as well as from roughness, once it reckons for a distinguished perceptual audio feature expressed by the summary spectral periodicity. This feature is especially clear in single-pitch, single-note, musical audio, where the timbre of two different musical instruments can greatly differ in levels of harshness (e.g., the difference in harshness between a flute and a saxophone is evident). As it is supposed to be, harshness is independent of all others NLDs.

English Journal

• The role of cocoa as a cigarette additive: opportunities for product regulation.

• Sokol NA1, Kennedy RD2, Connolly GN3.
• Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco.Nicotine Tob Res.2014 Jul;16(7):984-91. doi: 10.1093/ntr/ntu017. Epub 2014 Mar 8.
• INTRODUCTION: The 2009 Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act prohibited the use of characterizing flavors in cigarettes; however, some of these flavors are still used in cigarettes at varying levels. We reviewed tobacco industry internal documents to investigate the role of one of these
• PMID 24610479

• Converting a Freudian analysis into a Jungian one: obsession, addiction, and an answer from Job.

• Kradin R.
• The Journal of analytical psychology.J Anal Psychol.2014 Jun;59(3):346-65. doi: 10.1111/1468-5922.12082.
• In his analyses of obsessional patients, Sigmund Freud suggested that they suffered from intrusive cognitions and compulsive activities. Early psychoanalysts delineated the phenomenology of obsessionality, but did not differentiate what is currently termed obsessive-compulsive disorder from obsessio
• PMID 24919628

• Membrane protein stability can be compromised by detergent interactions with the extramembranous soluble domains.

• Yang Z1, Wang C, Zhou Q, An J, Hildebrandt E, Aleksandrov LA, Kappes JC, DeLucas LJ, Riordan JR, Urbatsch IL, Hunt JF, Brouillette CG.
• Protein science : a publication of the Protein Society.Protein Sci.2014 Jun;23(6):769-89. doi: 10.1002/pro.2460. Epub 2014 May 3.
• Detergent interaction with extramembranous soluble domains (ESDs) is not commonly considered an important determinant of integral membrane protein (IMP) behavior during purification and crystallization, even though ESDs contribute to the stability of many IMPs. Here we demonstrate that some generall
• PMID 24652590

• Prenatal cocaine exposure: The role of cumulative environmental risk and maternal harshness in the development of child internalizing behavior problems in kindergarten.

• Eiden RD1, Godleski S2, Colder CR2, Schuetze P3.
• Neurotoxicology and teratology.Neurotoxicol Teratol.2014 May 4;44C:1-10. doi: 10.1016/j.ntt.2014.04.002. [Epub ahead of print]
• This study examined the associations between prenatal exposure to cocaine and other substances and child internalizing behavior problems at kindergarten. We investigated whether maternal harshness or cumulative environmental risk mediated or moderated this association. Participants consisted of 216
• PMID 24803425

Japanese Journal

• 自動車と振動・騒音 (設計と振動問題)

• 山内 裕司
• 設計工学 = Journal of Japan Society for Design Engineering : 日本設計工学会誌 48(3), 135-141, 2013-03-00
• NAID 40019617565

• PRC期エドガー・G・ウルマー『まわり道』(1945) : 製作の過酷さとフィルムの繊細さ

• 平井 克尚
• 比較文化研究 -(101) (-), 133-147, 2012-03-31
• NAID 40019325921

• 元禄期における「日用」言説の展開 : 貝原益軒の伊藤仁斎批判

• 李 芝映
• 京都大学大学院教育学研究科紀要 (58), 355-367, 2012-00-00
• … Given his neutral stance, this harshness comes as a surprise and is therefore significant. …
• NAID 40019375319

• Evidence for widespread endemism among Antarctic micro-organisms

• Wim Vyverman,Elie Verleyen,Annick Wilmotte,Dominic A. Hodgson,Anne Willems,Karolien Peeters,Bart Van de Vijver,Aaike De Wever,Frederik Leliaert,Koen Sabbe
• Polar science 4(2), 103-113, 2010-08-00
• 微小生物には分散の制限はなく、群集の構成は単に環境傾度に沿った種の選別の結果であると仮定されてきた。しかしながら、近年のいくつかの微細藻類グループの研究はこの見解に挑戦している。形態形質ベースの珪藻カタログの広汎な分析は、緯度方向の環境傾度のもとの地理的な分布境界の存在を示した。大型生物において認識されてきた生物地理的な地域を反映して、南極と亜南極地域の珪藻フロラには強い地域性が示された。同様に、 …
• NAID 110007702191

Related Links

• 騒音・振動・ハーシュネス - Wikipedia

騒音・振動・ハーシュネス（Noise, Vibration, Harshness）は、自動車の快適性を 推し量る上での一つの基準である。それぞれの単語の頭文字をとって、NVHとも 呼ばれる。 自動車メーカーの設計・開発現場や、自動車雑誌では音振（おとしん）と 呼ばれることも ...

• harshness - definition of harshness by the Free Online Dictionary ...

Unpleasantly coarse and rough to the touch. See Synonyms at rough. 2. Disagreeable to the senses, especially to the sense of hearing. 3. Severe, cruel, or exacting: harsh punishment; a harsh overseer. 4. Unpleasant or uncomfortable  : a ...

• Harshly | Define Harshly at Dictionary.com

ungentle and unpleasant in action or effect: harsh treatment; harsh manners. 2. grim or unpleasantly severe; stern; cruel; austere: a harsh life; a harsh master. 3. physically uncomfortable; desolate; stark: a harsh land. 4. unpleasant to the ear; ...

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