- 関
- granularity、particle size
WordNet
- paint (a surface) to make it look like stone or wood
- dry seed-like fruit produced by the cereal grasses: e.g. wheat, barley, Indian corn (同)caryopsis
- a weight unit used for pearls or diamonds: 50 mg or 1/4 carat (同)metric grain
- 1/60 dram; equals an avoirdupois grain or 64.799 milligrams
- 1/7000 pound; equals a troy grain or 64.799 milligrams
- a cereal grass; "wheat is a grain that is grown in Kansas"
- the side of leather from which the hair has been removed
- the direction, texture, or pattern of fibers found in wood or leather or stone or in a woven fabric; "saw the board across the grain"
- the smallest possible unit of anything; "there was a grain of truth in what he said"; "he does not have a grain of sense"
- foodstuff prepared from the starchy grains of cereal grasses (同)food grain, cereal
- a relatively small granular particle of a substance; "a grain of sand"; "a grain of sugar"
- sort according to size
- the actual state of affairs; "thats the size of the situation"; "she hates me, thats about the size of it" (同)size of it
- any glutinous material used to fill pores in surfaces or to stiffen fabrics; "size gives body to a fabric" (同)sizing
- make to a size; bring to a suitable size
- a large magnitude; "he blanched when he saw the size of the bill"; "the only city of any size in that area"
- the physical magnitude of something (how big it is); "a wolf is about the size of a large dog"
- the property resulting from being one of a series of graduated measurements (as of clothing); "he wears a size 13 shoe"
- (used in combination) sized; "the economy-size package"; "average-size house"
- cover or stiffen or glaze a porous material with size or sizing (a glutinous substance)
- having the surface treated or coated with sizing
- having a specified size
- a texture like that of wood (同)woodgraining
PrepTutorEJDIC
- 〈C〉(穀類の)『粒』《+『of』+『名』》 / 〈U〉《集合的に》『穀物』,穀類 / 〈C〉(砂・塩などの)粒《+『of』+『名』》 / 〈C〉《おもに否定文で》『ごく少量』,ほんの少し(の…)《+『of』+『名』》 / 〈C〉グレーン(最小の重量単位で約0.0648グラム;《略》『gr.』,『g.』) / 〈U〉(木・石などの)きめ,はだ,木目(もくめ),石目
- 〈U〉〈C〉(人や物の)『大きさ』 / 〈U〉大きいこと / 〈U〉数量,規模 / 〈C〉(帽子・靴・シャツなどの)『サイズ』,『寸法』,型 / 〈U〉《話》実情,真相 / …‘を'大きさ(寸法)によって分類する / …‘を'ある寸法に作る
- サイズ,どうさ(紙や織物の細孔(こう)をふさぐ材料) / …‘に'サイズを塗る
- サイズ(どうさ)を塗ること,のり付け;サイズ剤,のり剤,どうさ
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』「2013/10/16 15:09:01」(JST)
[Wiki en表示]
Wentworth grain size chart from United States Geological Survey Open-File Report 2006-1195
Particle size, also called grain size, refers to the diameter of individual grains of sediment, or the lithified particles in clastic rocks. The term may also be applied to other granular materials. This is different from the crystallite size, which is the size of a single crystal inside the particles or grains. A single grain can be composed of several crystals. Granular material can range from very small colloidal particles, through clay, silt, sand, and gravel, to boulders.
Contents
- 1 Krumbein Phi Scale-United States
- 2 International scale
- 3 See also
- 4 References
- 5 External links
Krumbein Phi Scale-United States[edit]
Size ranges define limits of classes that are given names in the Wentworth scale (or Udden-Wentworth) used in the United States. The Krumbein phi (φ) scale, a modification of the Wentworth scale created by W. C. Krumbein[1] in 1937, is a logarithmic scale computed by the equation
where
- is the Krumbein phi scale,
- is the diameter of the particle, and
- is a reference diameter, equal to 1 mm (to make the equation dimensionally consistent).
This equation can be rearranged to find diameter using φ:
φ scale |
Size range
(metric) |
Size range
(approx. inches) |
Aggregate name
(Wentworth Class) |
Other names |
−8 < |
256 mm < |
10.1 in < |
Boulder |
−6 to −8 |
64–256 mm |
2.5–10.1 in |
Cobble |
−5 to −6 |
32–64 mm |
1.26–2.5 in |
Very coarse gravel |
Pebble |
−4 to −5 |
16–32 mm |
0.63–1.26 in |
Coarse gravel |
Pebble |
−3 to −4 |
8–16 mm |
0.31–0.63 in |
Medium gravel |
Pebble |
−2 to −3 |
4–8 mm |
0.157–0.31 in |
Fine gravel |
Pebble |
−1 to −2 |
2–4 mm |
0.079–0.157 in |
Very fine gravel |
Granule |
0 to −1 |
1–2 mm |
0.039–0.079 in |
Very coarse sand |
1 to 0 |
½–1 mm |
0.020–0.039 in |
Coarse sand |
2 to 1 |
¼–½ mm |
0.010–0.020 in |
Medium sand |
3 to 2 |
125–250 µm |
0.0049–0.010 in |
Fine sand |
4 to 3 |
62.5–125 µm |
0.0025–0.0049 in |
Very fine sand |
8 to 4 |
3.90625–62.5 µm |
0.00015–0.0025 in |
Silt |
Mud |
> 8 |
< 3.90625 µm |
< 0.00015 in |
Clay |
Mud |
> 10 |
< 1 µm |
< 0.000039 in |
Colloid |
Mud |
In some schemes, gravel is anything larger than sand (comprising granule, pebble, cobble, and boulder in the table above).
International scale[edit]
ISO 14688-1, establishes the basic principles for the identification and classification of soils on the basis of those material and mass characteristics most commonly used for soils for engineering purposes. ISO 14688-1 is applicable to natural soils in situ, similar man-made materials in situ and soils redeposited by man.[2]
ISO 14688-1[3]
name |
size range |
Very coarse soil |
Large boulder, LBo |
>630 mm |
Boulder, Bo |
200 – 630 mm |
Cobble, Co |
63 – 200 mm |
Coarse soil |
Gravel |
Coarse gravel, CGr |
20 – 63 mm |
Medium gravel, MGr |
6.3 – 20 mm |
Fine gravel, FGr |
2.0 - 6.3 mm |
Sand |
Coarse sand, CSa |
0.63 - 2.0 mm |
Medium sand, MSa |
0.2 - 0.63 mm |
Fine sand, FSa |
0.063 - 0.2 mm |
Fine soil |
Silt |
Coarse silt, CSi |
0.02 - 0.063 mm |
Medium silt, MSi |
0.0063 - 0.02 mm |
Fine silt, FSi |
0.002 - 0.0063 mm |
Clay, Cl |
≤0.002 mm |
See also[edit]
- Orders of magnitude (volume)
- Soil texture
- Substrate (biology)
- Unified Soil Classification System (USCS)
References[edit]
- ^ http://archives.datapages.com/data/sepm/journals/v01-32/data/007/007001/pdfs/0003.pdf
- ^ iso.org
- ^ ISO 14688-1:2002 at scribd.com
External links[edit]
- R D Dean & R A Dalrymple, Coastal Processes with Engineering Applications (Cambridge University Press, 2002)
- W C Krumbein & L L Sloss, Stratigraphy and Sedimentation, 2nd edition (Freeman, San Francisco, 1963).
- J A Udden, "Mechanical composition of clastic sediments", Bull. Geol. Soc. Am. 25, 655-744 (1914).
- C K Wentworth, "A scale of grade and class terms for clastic sediments", J. Geology V. 30, 377-392 (1922).
UpToDate Contents
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English Journal
- Intraspecific polymorphism of ribosomal DNA loci number and morphology in Brachypodium pinnatum and Brachypodium sylvaticum.
- Breda E, Wolny E, Hasterok R.SourceDepartment of Plant Anatomy and Cytology, University of Silesia, Jagiellonska 28, 40-032, Katowice, Poland.
- Cellular & molecular biology letters.Cell Mol Biol Lett.2012 Dec;17(4):526-41. Epub 2012 Aug 15.
- The genus Brachypodium has become the target of extensive cytomolecular studies since one of its representatives, B. distachyon, has been accepted as a model plant for temperate cereals and forage grasses. Recent preliminary studies suggested that intraspecific rDNA polymorphism can occur in at leas
- PMID 22893263
- PBDE and PCB accumulation in benthos near marine wastewater outfalls: The role of sediment organic carbon.
- Dinn PM, Johannessen SC, Ross PS, Macdonald RW, Whiticar MJ, Lowe CJ, van Roodselaar A.SourceCapital Regional District, 625 Fisgard Street, PO Box 1000, Victoria, B.C. V8W 2S6, Canada. Electronic address: pdinn@uvic.ca.
- Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987).Environ Pollut.2012 Dec;171:241-8. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2012.07.023. Epub 2012 Sep 5.
- Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were measured in sediments and benthic invertebrates near submarine municipal outfalls in Victoria and Vancouver, B.C., Canada, two areas with contrasting receiving environments. PBDE concentrations in wastewater exceeded th
- PMID 22960365
Japanese Journal
- Influence of Microstructure on Fatigue Fracture Characteristics of Al2O3
- Kido Mitsuo,Katayama Gounozyo,Inoda Nana,Tsuchibushi Yasuyuki
- 広島工業大学研究紀要 33, 67-74, 36192-00-00
- … Fatigue fracture characteristics under static and cyclic loading were investigated for three kinds of Al2O3, with microstructures controlled by sintering additives (MgO, SiO2+CaO) and particle size. … The measurements of R-curve behavior and COD under cyclic loading showed that the grain bridging effect of Material SC was reduced further than that of Material SC-f. …
- NAID 120005403235
- Synthesis method for ultrananocrystalline diamond in powder employing a coaxial arc plasma gun
- Naragino Hiroshi,Tominaga Aki,Hanada Kenji,Yoshitake Tsuyoshi
- Appl. Phys. Express 8(7), 075101, 2015-06-29
- … The grain size was easily controlled from 2.4 to 15.0 nm by changing the arc discharge energy. …
- NAID 150000110858
- Influence of AlN buffer layer thickness on material and electrical properties of InAlN/GaN high-electron-mobility transistors
- Huang Wei-Ching,Liu Kuan-Shin,Wong Yuen-Yee,Hsieh Chi-Feng,Chang Edward-Yi,Hsu Heng-Tung
- Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 54(7), 071001, 2015-06-10
- … As revealed by atomic force microscope analysis, a rougher surface and larger grain size were observed with a thicker buffer layer. … Moreover, the lower grain density also resulted in enhanced GaN crystal quality of the GaN layer. …
- NAID 150000110976
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[★]
- 英
- particle size、grain size、granularity
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- 関
- grain size、granularity
[★]
- 英
- particle size、grain size
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- 粒度
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- 関
- grain size、particle size
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- 関
- magnitude
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-grain
- 同
- grains