WordNet

of or relating to or near the gluteus muscles
the fruit of a rose plant (同)rose hip, rosehip
(architecture) the exterior angle formed by the junction of a sloping side and a sloping end of a roof
the ball-and-socket joint between the head of the femur and the acetabulum (同)hip_joint, coxa, articulatio_coxae
either side of the body below the waist and above the thigh
either of the two large fleshy masses of muscular tissue that form the human rump (同)cheek
veins draining the gluteal muscles on either side of the body (同)vena gluteus

PrepTutorEJDIC

『腰』[の一方の側],ヒップ / = hip joint
野バラの実
(最新流行の思相・スタイルなどに)よく通じた《+『to』+『名』》
応援などの音頭をとるかけ声
しり,臀部(でんぶ)
《複数形》しり,臀部(でんぶ)

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2014/03/10 17:53:47」(JST)

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Gluteus maximus

The gluteal muscles are a group of four muscles. Three of these muscles make up the buttocks: the gluteus maximus muscle, gluteus medius muscle and gluteus minimus muscle. The fourth and smallest of the muscles is the tensor fasciae latae muscle, which is located anterior and lateral to the rest.

Structure[edit]

The gluteus maximus is the largest of the gluteal muscles and one of the strongest muscles in the human body. It inserts at the iliotibial band and the gluteal tuberosity of the femur. Its action is to extend and to laterally rotate the hip, and also to extend the trunk.

Function[edit]

The bulk of the gluteal muscle mass contributes only partially to shape of the buttocks. The other major contributing factor is that of the panniculus adiposus of the buttocks, which is very well developed in this area, and gives the buttock its characteristic rounded shape. Although the gluteal muscle bulk and tone can be improved with massage and exercise, it is the disposition of the overlying panniculus adiposus which may be responsible for the "sagging butt" phenomenon. Exercise in general (not only of the gluteal muscles but of the body in general) which can contribute to fat loss can lead to reduction of mass in subcutaneal fat storage locations on the body which includes the panniculus, so for leaner and more active individuals, the glutes will more predominantly contribute to the shape than someone less active with a fattier composition. The degree of body fat stored in various locations such as the panniculus is dictated by genetic and hormonal profiles.

Clinical significance[edit]

Sitting for long periods can lead to the gluteal muscles atrophying through constant pressure and disuse. This may be associated with (although not necessarily the cause of) lower back pain, difficulty with some movements that naturally require the gluteal muscles, such as rising from the seated position, and climbing stairs. Some^[who?] attribute severe menstrual cycles including mood swings and irritability to gluteal muscle atrophy, however, there are a vast array of known contributors to dysmenorrhoea, and currently clinical evidence of such a causative association is lacking.

Studies have shown that exercise and massage are effective at reversing and protecting against atrophy of these muscles.^{[citation needed]}

Poisoning by eating Lathyrus sativus Indian Pea or khesari dhal will lead to emaciation of buttock muscles (Neurolathyrism).^{[citation needed]}

Society and culture[edit]

Exercise and stretching[edit]

Any exercise that works and/or stretches the buttocks is suitable, for example lunges, hip thrusts, climbing stairs, fencing, bicycling, rowing, squats, arabesque, aerobics, and various specific exercises for the bottom.

Powerlifting exercises which are known to significantly strengthen the gluteal muscles include the squat, deadlift, leg press, feet in squats (chin on chest & stick glutes out) and good mornings (bend over with a bar on the shoulders with a light amount of weight).

References[edit]

McMinn, RMH (Ed) (1994) Last's Anatomy: Regional and applied (9th Ed). London: Churchill Livingstone. ISBN 0-443-04662-X

External links[edit]

8b. The Muscles and Fasciæ of the Thigh Bartleby.com, Henry Gray, Anatomy of the Human Body, 1918.

UpToDate Contents

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1. 股関節痛を有する成人の評価 evaluation of the adult with hip pain
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5. 腸骨動脈瘤の手術および血管内修復 surgical and endovascular repair of iliac artery aneurysm

English Journal

Disseminated cysticercosis incidentally diagnosed in a patient of low backache: A case report and concise review of literature.

Akhtar MN, Agarwal S.SourceDepartment of Orthopaedics & Trauma, North Eastern Indira Gandhi Regional Institute of Health & Medical Sciences, Shillong -793018, India.
Asian Pacific journal of tropical medicine.Asian Pac J Trop Med.2012 Jul;5(7):582-6.
Disseminated cysticercosis is an uncommon presentation of a common disease. Asymptomatic disseminated cysticercosis is rarely reported in literature. Here, we are reporting a case of asymptomatic disseminated cysticercosis incidentally diagnosed in a patient of low backache. Magnetic resonance imagi
PMID 22647824

Thickness and tension of the gluteal aponeurosis and the implications for subfascial gluteal augmentation.

Hwang SW, Nam YS, Hwang K, Han SH.SourcePeninsula Medical School, Plymouth, UK, and Inha Research Institute for Medical Sciences, Incheon, Korea Department of Anatomy and Institute for Applied Anatomy, Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea Department of Plastic Surgery, and Center for Advanced Medical Education by BK21 project, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Korea.
Journal of anatomy.J Anat.2012 Jul;221(1):69-72. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-7580.2012.01510.x. Epub 2012 May 14.
The aim of this study is to elucidate the thickness and tension of the gluteal aponeurosis (GA) as related to subfascial gluteal augmentation. Twenty buttocks from 10 Korean fresh cadavers (age range: 69-92 years, five men and five women) were dissected. Five radial lines were made from the greate
PMID 22578136

Japanese Journal

生体における股関節屈曲0°、45°、90°位置での新殿筋注点とクラークの点との比較

中島由加里,向井加奈恵,小松恵美,井内映美,北山幸枝,中谷壽男
形態・機能 11(2), 109-115, 2013-00-00
… After measuring the distances between the point of Clark and each novel intramuscular injection point, we used ultrasound to measure the thickness of subcutaneous fat and gluteal muscle, and measured blood flow. … We found that our novel intramuscular injection point was near the point of Clark during hip joint flexion, and the thickness of the subcutaneous fat and the gluteal muscle did not show significant differences. …
NAID 120005253931

解剖体におけるゲル注入による新殿筋注点の安全性の検証と超音波診断装置による刺入の深さの検討

中島由加里,井内映美,向井加奈恵,小松恵美,北山幸枝,尾崎紀之,中谷壽男
形態・機能 11(2), 102-108, 2013-00-00
… Ultrasound system was used to measure the thickness of the subcutaneous tissue and the gluteal muscle atboth points. … The incidence of accidental insertion to nerves or blood vesselsat the two sites was almost the same as we experienced in our previous study.This indicates that our novel intramuscular injection point provides anappropriate site for intramuscular injection to the gluteal muscle. …
NAID 120005253930

臨床室大腿骨頚部骨折術後にフォンダパリヌクスナトリウムを使用して殿部血腫を生じた1例

明石浩介,飛田正敏,市本裕康 [他]
整形外科 = Orthopedic surgery 63(13), 1359-1361, 2012-12-00
NAID 40019507776

Related Pictures

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「buttock」「nates」「glutaeus」
拡張検索	「ventrogluteal」「gluteal region」

「buttock」

　　[★]

n.

殿部、尻。船尾

Atherosclerosis of the peripheral arteries may produce intermittent claudication of the buttock, calf, thigh, or foot, with severe disease resulting in tissue damage of the toes.(HIM.1382)