関: buttock、gluteal、gluteal region、hip、nates

WordNet

the fruit of a rose plant (同)rose hip, rosehip
(architecture) the exterior angle formed by the junction of a sloping side and a sloping end of a roof
the ball-and-socket joint between the head of the femur and the acetabulum (同)hip_joint, coxa, articulatio_coxae
either side of the body below the waist and above the thigh
either of the two large fleshy masses of muscular tissue that form the human rump (同)cheek
of or relating to or near the gluteus muscles

PrepTutorEJDIC

『腰』[の一方の側],ヒップ / = hip joint
野バラの実
(最新流行の思相・スタイルなどに)よく通じた《+『to』+『名』》
応援などの音頭をとるかけ声
しり,臀部(でんぶ)
《複数形》しり,臀部(でんぶ)

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/06/12 05:40:19」(JST)

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Gluteus maximus

Muscles of the gluteal and posterior femoral regions. Gluteus minimus and the origins and insertions of medius and maximus labeled

The gluteal muscles are a group of three muscles which make up the buttocks: the gluteus maximus, gluteus medius and gluteus minimus. The three muscles originate from the ilium and sacrum and insert on the femur.

Structure

The gluteus maximus is the largest of the gluteal muscles and one of the strongest muscles in the human body. It inserts at the iliotibial band and the gluteal tuberosity of the femur. Its action is to extend and to laterally rotate the hip, and also to extend the trunk.^{[citation needed]}

Function

The bulk of the gluteal muscle mass contributes only partially to shape of the buttocks. The other major contributing factor is that of the panniculus adiposus of the buttocks, which is very well developed in this area, and gives the buttock its characteristic rounded shape. Although the gluteal muscle bulk and tone can be improved with exercise, it is the disposition of the overlying panniculus adiposus which may be responsible for the "sagging butt" phenomenon.^{[citation needed]} Exercise in general (not only of the gluteal muscles but of the body in general) which can contribute to fat loss can lead to reduction of mass in subcutaneal fat storage locations on the body which includes the panniculus, so for leaner and more active individuals, the glutes will more predominantly contribute to the shape than someone less active with a fattier composition.^{[citation needed]} The degree of body fat stored in various locations such as the panniculus is dictated by genetic and hormonal profiles.^{[citation needed]}

Clinical significance

Sitting for long periods can lead to the gluteal muscles atrophying through constant pressure and disuse. This may be associated with (although not necessarily the cause of) lower back pain, difficulty with some movements that naturally require the gluteal muscles, such as rising from the seated position, and climbing stairs.

Society and culture

Exercise and stretching

Any exercise that works and/or stretches the buttocks is suitable, for example lunges, hip thrusts, climbing stairs, fencing, bicycling, rowing, squats, arabesque, aerobics, and various specific exercises for the bottom.

Weight training exercises which are known to significantly strengthen the gluteal muscles include the squat, deadlift, leg press, feet in squats (chin on chest & stick glutes out) and good mornings (bend over with a bar on the shoulders with a light amount of weight).

References

McMinn, RMH (Ed) (1994) Last's Anatomy: Regional and applied (9th Ed). London: Churchill Livingstone. ISBN 0-443-04662-X

External links

8b. The Muscles and Fasciæ of the Thigh Bartleby.com, Henry Gray, Anatomy of the Human Body, 1918.

UpToDate Contents

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1. 股関節痛を有する成人の評価 evaluation of the adult with hip pain
2. 下肢ランニング障害の概要 overview of running injuries of the lower extremity
3. Greater trochanteric pain syndrome (formerly Trochanteric bursitis)
4. Adductor muscle and tendon injury
5. 股関節および鼠径部の筋骨格系検査 musculoskeletal examination of the hip and groin

English Journal

Prolonged relaxation after stimulation of the clasping muscle of male frog, Rana japonica, during the breeding season.

Ishii Y, Tsuchiya T.SourceDepartment of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health care Sciences, Himeji Dokkyo University, Kamiono 7-2-1, Himeji, Hyogo 670-8524, Japan. ishii@himeji-du.ac.jp
Zoological science.Zoolog Sci.2010 Jul;27(7):595-601.
We investigated the mechanical properties of the flexor carpi radialis muscle (FCR), a forelimb muscle used mainly for amplexus in the breeding season (February to March), of the male Japanese brown frog, Rana japonica. In the present experiment, the changes in force and stiffness of the FCR before,
PMID 20608849

[Comparison of the peripheral and central effects of opiates after iliac crest transplants. Reconstruction of severely atrophied maxilla].

Virnik AS, Gaggl A, Likar R, Stettner H, Chiari FM.SourceAbteilung für Mund-, Kiefer- und Gesichtschirurgie, Landeskrankenhaus Klagenfurt, Klagenfurt, Osterreich. Andreas.Virnik@lkh-klu.at
Schmerz (Berlin, Germany).Schmerz.2009 Jun;23(3):259-62, 264-6.
PURPOSE: Severe pain is one of the main problems after harvesting iliac crest transplants. In this randomized double-blind study differences in the peripheral and central effects of opiates for pain treatment in the iliac crest region after augmentation of the severely resorbed maxilla were examined
PMID 19340462

Japanese Journal

A DYNAMIC MODEL OF BODY SWAY CONTROL DURING UPRIGHT STANCE IN HUMAN(Proceedings of The 8^<th> Asian Federation of Sports Medicine Congress 2005 Tokyo)

Jiang Yifa,Nagasaki Sachio,Kimura Hidenori
体力科學 55(Supplement), 231-235, 2006-10-01
… The dynamic model including five joints, i.e. two ankles, two hips and one lumbosacral making up a multi-link system being driven by two pairs of muscles, the psoas major (PM) and glutaeus medius (GM). …
NAID 110004821479

骨盤の動力学モデルに基づくヒト自然立位時身体動揺の解析

長崎幸雄,江依法,斯琴 [他]
教育医学 51(3), 242-252, 2006-02-00
NAID 40007211308

406 Reconstruction of Anal Sphincter with Pedicled Musculus Glutaeus Maximus for Carcinoma of the Lower Third of the Rectum and Anal Canal

Ping-Zhi Wang,Si-Cong Tang,Ren-Wei Chu
日本消化器外科学会雑誌 19(6), 1375, 1986-06-01
NAID 110001304932

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殿部、尻。船尾

Atherosclerosis of the peripheral arteries may produce intermittent claudication of the buttock, calf, thigh, or foot, with severe disease resulting in tissue damage of the toes.(HIM.1382)