- 関
- glacier
WordNet
- relating to or derived from a glacier; "glacial deposit"
- a slowly moving mass of ice
- a boulder that has been carried by a glacier to a place far distant from its place of origin
- relating to or occurring during the time following a glacial period
- by a glacier; "glacially deposited material"
PrepTutorEJDIC
- 氷の;氷河の / 氷河時代の / 氷のような,厳寒の / 《話》(態度などが)冷淡な
- 氷河
- =glacial epoch
- 氷河期
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』「2012/11/15 01:36:32」(JST)
[Wiki en表示]
A glacial period (or alternatively glacial or glaciation) is an interval of time (thousands of years) within an ice age that is marked by colder temperatures and glacier advances. Interglacials, on the other hand, are periods of warmer climate within an ice age. The last glacial period ended about 15,000 years ago;[1] The Holocene epoch is the current interglacial.
Contents
- 1 Quaternary ice age
- 2 Last glacial period
- 3 Next glacial period
- 4 See also
- 5 References
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Quaternary ice age
Main articles: Quaternary glaciation and timeline of glaciation
Glacial and interglacial cycles as represented by atmospheric CO
2, measured from ice core samples going back 800,000 years. The stage names are part of the North American and the European Alpine subdivisions. The correlation between both subdivisions is tentative.
Within the Quaternary glaciation (2.58 Ma to present), there have been a number of glacials and interglacials.
In the British Isles the Pleistocene extent of the Quaternary ice age, has been subdivided into the following stages and superstages.
Last glacial period
Main article: Last glacial period
The last glacial period was the most recent glacial period within the current ice age, occurring in the Pleistocene epoch, which began about 110,000 years ago and ended about 12,500 years ago. The glaciations that occurred during this glacial period covered many areas of the Northern Hemisphere, and have different names, depending on their geographic distributions: Wisconsin (in North America), Devensian (in Great Britain), Midlandian (in Ireland), Würm (in the Alps), Weichsel (in northern central Europe) and Llanquihue in Chile. The glacial advance reached its maximum extent about 18,000 BP. In Europe, the ice sheet reached northern Germany.
Next glacial period
See also: Milankovitch cycles
Since orbital variations are predictable,[2] computer models that relate orbital variations to climate can predict future climate possibilities. Two caveats are necessary: that anthropogenic effects (global warming) are likely to exert a larger influence over the short term; and that the mechanism by which orbital forcing influences climate is not well understood. Work by Berger and Loutre suggests that the current warm climate may last another 50,000 years.[3]
See also
- Climate
- Cyclostratigraphy
- Geologic time scale
- Glacial history of Minnesota
- Glacier
- Greenhouse and Icehouse Earth
- Ice age
- Interglacial and Interstadial periods
- Last Glacial Maximum
- last glacial period
- Milankovitch cycles
- Precession (astronomy)
- Quaternary glaciation
- Snowball Earth
- Timeline of glaciation
- Yarkovsky effect
- YORP effect
References
- ^ J. Severinghaus, E. Brook (1999). "Abrupt Climate Change at the End of the Last Glacial Period Inferred from Trapped Air in Polar Ice". Science 286 (5441): 930–4. doi:10.1126/science.286.5441.930. PMID 10542141. http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/short/286/5441/930.
- ^ F. Varadi, B. Runnegar, M. Ghil (2003). "Successive Refinements in Long-Term Integrations of Planetary Orbits". The Astrophysical Journal 592: 620–630. Bibcode 2003ApJ...592..620V. doi:10.1086/375560. http://astrobiology.ucla.edu/OTHER/SSO/SolarSysInt.pdf.
- ^ Berger A, Loutre MF (2002). "Climate: An exceptionally long interglacial ahead?". Science 297 (5585): 1287–8. doi:10.1126/science.1076120. PMID 12193773.
Ice ages
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Quaternary glaciation |
Current glaciation
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Pleistocene glaciation
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Pre-Quaternary glaciations |
- Huronian
- Cryogenian (Kaigas, Sturtian, Marinoan)
- Andean-Saharan
- Karoo
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Timeline of glaciation
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UpToDate Contents
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English Journal
- Optimisation of a sample preparation method for the determination of fumonisin B(1) in rice.
- Petrarca MH1, Rodrigues MI2, Rossi EA3, de Sylos CM3.
- Food chemistry.Food Chem.2014 Sep 1;158:270-7. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.02.126. Epub 2014 Mar 6.
- A simple, rapid and cost-effective sample preparation method for the determination of fumonisin B1 in rice was optimised using a strategy of sequential experimental designs. Initially, a Plackett-Burman design was applied to select the statistically significant variables for the determination of fum
- PMID 24731341
- Importance of nanoparticles and colloids from volcanic ash for riverine transport of trace elements to the ocean: Evidence from glacial-fed rivers after the 2010 eruption of Eyjafjallajökull Volcano, Iceland.
- Tepe N1, Bau M2.
- The Science of the total environment.Sci Total Environ.2014 Aug 1;488-489:243-51. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.04.083. Epub 2014 May 14.
- Volcanic ashes are often referenced as examples for natural nanoparticles, yet the particle size distribution <1000nm is only rarely documented. We here report results of a geochemical study of glacial-fed rivers, glacial surface runoff, glacial base flow, and pure glacial meltwater from southern
- PMID 24836133
- Global late Quaternary megafauna extinctions linked to humans, not climate change.
- Sandom C1, Faurby S2, Sandel B2, Svenning JC2.
- Proceedings. Biological sciences / The Royal Society.Proc Biol Sci.2014 Jul 22;281(1787). pii: 20133254. doi: 10.1098/rspb.2013.3254.
- The late Quaternary megafauna extinction was a severe global-scale event. Two factors, climate change and modern humans, have received broad support as the primary drivers, but their absolute and relative importance remains controversial. To date, focus has been on the extinction chronology of indiv
- PMID 24898370
Japanese Journal
- CLAUSEN Eric N.,柴 正博 [訳]
- グローバルテクトニクスの新概念 : ニュースレター = New concepts in global tectonics : newsletter (63), 55-60, 2012-10
- NAID 40019507055
- Climatic Variability and Impacts on Biodiversity at Local Level : A case Study from Kanchanjanga Conservation Area, Nepal
- Devkota Bimala Devi,Paudel Prem Prasad,Bhuju Dinesh Raj,Kubota Tetsuya,久保田 哲也
- Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University 57(2), 453-459, 2012-09-20
- … Major findings of the study were 1) Retreating of glacial lakes were evident, which may bring glacial lake outburst and flood; …
- NAID 120004756200
- グリーンランドにおける自然地震・氷河地震活動 (総特集 青い地球と白い大陸の地震学 : 固体地球振動特性と不均質構造・ダイナミクスの解明(2))
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★リンクテーブル★
[★]
- 英
- glacier、glacial
- 関
- 氷河期、流氷
[★]
- 関
- glacial、iceberg
[★]
- 英
- glacial
- 関
- 氷河
[★]
- 関
- acetate、acetic acid、vinegar