WordNet

(medicine) bleached cotton cloth of plain weave used for bandages and dressings (同)gauze bandage
a net of transparent fabric with a loose open weave (同)netting, veiling
gauze saturated with petrolatum

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/08/22 07:31:08」(JST)

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A diagram of the warp and weft threads in a gauze weaving pattern

Gauze is a thin, translucent fabric with a loose open weave. In technical terms "gauze" is a weave structure in which the weft yarns are arranged in pairs and are crossed before and after each warp yarn keeping the weft firmly in place.^[1] This weave structure is used to add stability to fabric, which is important when using fine yarns loosely spaced. However, this weave structure can be used with any weight of yarn, and can be seen in some rustic textiles made from coarse hand-spun plant fiber yarns.

Etymology and history

Gauze was traditionally woven in Palestine and the English word is said to derive from the place name for Gaza (Arabic: غزة‎ ghazza), a center of weaving in the region.^[2] Despite a prohibition on trade with non-Christians from religious authorities in medieval Europe, a fine type of silk known as gazzatum was imported from Gaza as early as the 13th century.^[3] Though members of religious orders in Europe were forbidden to wear it, the fabric won a place for itself and emerged into modern life as gauze.^[3]

According to the French government's online etymology dictionary, the English form of the word derived from the French gaze, whose ultimate origin is uncertain, but is often attributed to the Arabic and Persian word qazz meaning "raw silk", which itself derived from the name of Gaza.^[4] The same source says the existence of "an ancient textile industry in Gaza is not assured," and it is not known how the word entered into widespread use in European languages, with examples of first usages cited being the medieval Latin forms garza in Bologna in 1250 and gazzatum in Budapest in 1279.^[4]

Uses and types

Gauze was originally made of silk and was used for clothing. It is now used for many different things, including gauze sponges for medical purposes. When used as a medical dressing, gauze is generally made of cotton. It is especially useful for dressing wounds where other fabrics might stick to the burn or laceration. Many modern medical gauzes are covered with a plastic porous film such as Telfa or a polyblend which prevents direct contact and further minimizes wound adhesion. Also, it can be impregnated with a thick, creamy mixture of zinc oxide and calamine to promote healing, as in Unna's boot.

In film and theatre, gauze is often fashioned into a scrim.

Gauze used in bookbinding is called mull, and is used in case binding to adhere the text block to the book cover.^[5]

Modern gauze is also made of synthetic fibers, especially when used in clothing. It can also be made of metal, such as a wire gauze placed on top of a Bunsen burner, used in a safety lamp or spark arrestor, or used as a fence.

Uses in chemistry

There are two types of wire gauze used in chemistry: a normally woven wire gauze, and one with a white circle imprinted on it. The latter has a ceramic composite intended to aid in the dispersal in heat. The normal set-up is a square stand which a support ring attached to it. The wire gauze is centered on the ring stand as to allow the open flame to be in contact with it to a certain extent, depending on the desired heat. In the context of laboratory experimentation, the combination of the wire gauze plus the added ceramic composite greatly aids in the even dispersal of heat. This means that an object placed over this type of wire gauze will receive a more uniform heat from a Bunsen burner than the naked flame of it. This property is specially important in various chemical processes where precise, even heat dispersal is sought after, as a consistent heat is crucial for the successful maintenance of the chemical process intended. Because of this desired heat dispersal ability, wire gauze can also be used as a cooling surface for beakers, Erlenmeyers flasks or other vessels without damaging the supporting surface (workbench, tabletop, etc.)...

References

^ Emery, Irene (1966). The Primary Structure of Fabrics. Washington, D.C.: Thames and Hudson, p. 180. ISBN 978-0-500-28802-3.
^ Taylor, 2005, p. 288.
^ ^a ^b Garrison, 2008, p. 261.
^ ^a ^b Centre National de Ressources Textuelles et Lexicales: GAZE (French)
^ Cambras, Josep (2004). The complete book of bookbinding. Lark Books. p. 48. ISBN 978-1-57990-646-7.

External links

Cotton gauze as non-adherent dressing (with image) at the Wayback Machine (archived January 14, 2007)

UpToDate Contents

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English Journal

Hybrid wound dressings with controlled release of antibiotics: Structure-release profile effects and in vivo study in a guinea pig burn model.

Zilberman M1, Egozi D2, Shemesh M3, Keren A4, Mazor E3, Baranes-Zeevi M3, Goldstein N4, Berdicevsky I5, Gilhar A5, Ullmann Y4.
Acta biomaterialia.Acta Biomater.2015 Aug;22:155-63. doi: 10.1016/j.actbio.2015.04.029. Epub 2015 Apr 25.
Over the last decades, wound dressings have evolved from a crude traditional gauze dressing to tissue-engineered scaffolds. Many types of wound dressing formats are commercially available or have been investigated. We developed and studied hybrid bilayer wound dressings which combine a drug-loaded p
PMID 25922303

Treatment of nostril and nasal stenosis due to facial burn using a self-expandable metallic esophageal stent.

Sekine K1, Matsune S2, Shiiba K3, Kimura M2, Okubo K4, Kaneshiro T5, Tajima H5, Murakami M6, Kurokawa A7.
Auris, nasus, larynx.Auris Nasus Larynx.2015 Aug;42(4):348-52. doi: 10.1016/j.anl.2015.02.013. Epub 2015 Mar 3.
For the treatment of nasal and nostril stenosis caused by facial burn, it is necessary to perform rhinoplasty and nasal vestibuloplasty using various flaps, perform cicatrectomy of the nostrils with a rhinosurgical procedure, and prevent restenosis of the nostrils and nasal cavity for a certain peri
PMID 25748514

Gauze vs XSTAT in wound packing for hemorrhage control.

Kragh JF Jr1, Aden JK2, Steinbaugh J3, Bullard M3, Dubick MA4.
The American journal of emergency medicine.Am J Emerg Med.2015 Jul;33(7):974-6. doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2015.03.048. Epub 2015 Mar 25.
PMID 25934248

Randomized controlled trial of conventional versus modern surgical dressings following primary total hip and knee replacement.

Langlois J1, Zaoui A, Ozil C, Courpied JP, Anract P, Hamadouche M.
International orthopaedics.Int Orthop.2015 Jul;39(7):1315-9. doi: 10.1007/s00264-015-2726-6. Epub 2015 Mar 19.
PURPOSE: We prospectively compared two types of dressing (conventional gauze-based versus absorbing hydrofibre) after primary total hip (THA) or knee (TKA) arthroplasties.METHODS: Eighty candidates for THA (n = 40) or TKA (s = 40) were randomized: gauze-based versus hydrofibre absorbing (Aqu
PMID 25787680

Japanese Journal

Intoxication caused by iodoform gauze packing in necrotizing fasciitis

NAKAMURA Kensuke,INOKUCHI Ryota,FUJITA Hidenobu,HIRUMA Takahiro,MATSUBARA Takehiro,TANAKA Yukio,YAHAGI Naoki
日本集中治療医学会雑誌 = Journal of the Japanese Society of Intensive Care Medicine 18(4), 629-631, 2011-10-01
NAID 10029836109

手術初心者によるガーゼおよびチューブを用いた手術訓練の血行再建術における効能

印東雅大,堤一生,安達忍,宇佐美憲一,松尾健,広畑倫生
脳卒中の外科 = Surgery for cerebral stroke 39(3), 169-174, 2011-05-31
NAID 10028109823

本邦における乳幼児臍ヘルニアの診療方針に対するアンケート調査報告

大塩猛人,羽金和彦
日本小児外科学会雑誌 47(1), 47-53, 2011-02-20
【目的】本邦における乳幼児臍ヘルニアに対する診療の現状を明らかにすることを目的とする.【方法】日本小児外科学会の許可を得て,本学会専門医にアンケート調査を施行した.【結果】専門医498名中280名(56.2%)から回答があった.専門医の所属する施設別にみると286施設中203施設(71.0%)からの回答であった.回答を得たうち同一施設内で他科による絆創膏固定とヘルニアバンド使用を除き,固定を施行し …
NAID 110008506456