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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』「2015/03/25 21:43:26」(JST)
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Foveola |
Details |
Latin |
foveola |
Identifiers |
TA |
A15.2.04.023 |
FMA |
77666 |
Anatomical terminology |
The foveola is located within a region called the macula, a yellowish, cone photo receptor filled portion of the human retina. The foveola is approximately 0.35 mm in diameter and lies in the center of the fovea and contains only cone cells, and a cone-shaped zone of Müller cells.[1] In this region the cone receptors are found to be longer, slimmer and more densely packed than anywhere else in the retina, thus allowing that region to have the potential to have the highest visual acuity in the eye.
Notes
- ^ Gass, JD (Jun 1999). "Müller cell cone, an overlooked part of the anatomy of the fovea centralis: hypotheses concerning its role in the pathogenesis of macular hole and foveomacualr retinoschisis.". Archives of ophthalmology 117 (6): 821–3. PMID 10369597.
Anatomy of the globe of the eye
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Fibrous tunic (outer) |
Sclera |
- Episcleral layer
- Schlemm's canal
- Trabecular meshwork
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Cornea |
- Limbus
- layers
- Epithelium
- Bowman's
- Stroma
- Descemet's
- Endothelium
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Uvea/vascular tunic (middle) |
Choroid |
- Capillary lamina of choroid
- Bruch's membrane
- Sattler's layer
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Ciliary body |
- Ciliary processes
- Ciliary muscle
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Iris |
- Stroma
- Pupil
- Iris dilator muscle
- Iris sphincter muscle
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Retina (inner) |
Layers |
- Inner limiting membrane
- Nerve fiber layer
- Ganglion cell layer
- Inner plexiform layer
- Inner nuclear layer
- Outer plexiform layer
- Outer nuclear layer
- External limiting membrane
- Layer of rods and cones
- Retinal pigment epithelium
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Cells |
Photoreceptor cells (Cone cell, Rod cell) → (Horizontal cell) → Bipolar cell → (Amacrine cell) → Retina ganglion cell (Midget cell, Parasol cell, Bistratified cell, Giant retina ganglion cells, Photosensitive ganglion cell) → Diencephalon: P cell, M cell, K cell, Muller glia
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Other |
- Macula
- Foveola
- Fovea centralis
- Parafovea
- Perifovea
- Optic disc
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Anterior segment |
- Anterior chamber
- Aqueous humour
- Posterior chamber
- Lens
- Capsule of lens
- Zonule of Zinn
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Posterior segment |
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Other |
- Asthenopia
- Keratocytes
- Ocular immune system
- Tapetum lucidum
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Description |
- Anatomy
- bones
- muscles
- organs
- neural pathways
- Physiology
- Phenomena
- appearance
- visual
- optical illusions
- proteins
- Development
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Disease |
- Congenital
- Corneal dystrophy
- Neoplasms and cancer
- Other
- Symptoms and signs
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Treatment |
- Procedures
- Drugs
- infection
- glaucoma and miosis
- mydriatics
- vascular
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Sensory system: Visual system and eye movement pathways
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Visual perception |
- 1° (Retina bipolar cell) → 2° (Ganglionic cell) → 3° (Optic nerve → Optic chiasm → Optic tract → LGN of Thalamus) → 4° (Optic radiation → Cuneus and Lingual gyrus of Visual cortex → Blobs → Globs)
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Muscles of orbit |
Tracking |
Smooth pursuit: |
- Parietal lobe
- Occipital lobe
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Saccade: |
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- Nystagmus → Fixation reflex → PPRF
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Horizontal gaze |
- PPRF → Abducens nucleus → MLF → Oculomotor nucleus → Medial rectus muscle
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Vertical gaze |
- Rostral interstitial nucleus → Oculomotor nucleus, Trochlear nucleus → Muscles of orbit
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Vestibulo–ocular reflex |
- Semicircular canal → Vestibulocochlear nerve → Vestibular nuclei → Abducens nucleus → MLF (Vestibulo-oculomotor fibers) → Oculomotor nucleus → Medial rectus muscle
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Pupillary reflex |
Pupillary response |
- 1° (Posterior hypothalamus → Ciliospinal center) → 2° (Superior cervical ganglion) → 3° (Sympathetic root of ciliary ganglion → Nasociliary nerve → Long ciliary nerves → Iris dilator muscle)
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Pupillary light reflex
(constriction) |
- 1° (Retina → Optic nerve → Optic chiasm → Optic tract → Pretectal nucleus) → 2° (Edinger–Westphal nucleus) → 3° (Oculomotor nerve → Parasympathetic root of ciliary ganglion → Ciliary ganglion) → (4° Short ciliary nerves → Iris sphincter muscle)
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Accommodation
vergence |
- 1° (Retina → Optic nerve → Optic chiasm → Optic tract → Visual cortex → Brodmann area 19 → Pretectal area) → 2° (Edinger–Westphal nucleus) → 3° (Short ciliary nerves → Ciliary ganglion → Ciliary muscle)
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Circadian rhythm |
- Retina → Retinohypothalamic tract → Hypothalamus (Suprachiasmatic nucleus)
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Description |
- Anatomy
- bones
- muscles
- organs
- neural pathways
- Physiology
- Phenomena
- appearance
- visual
- optical illusions
- proteins
- Development
|
|
Disease |
- Congenital
- Corneal dystrophy
- Neoplasms and cancer
- Other
- Symptoms and signs
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Treatment |
- Procedures
- Drugs
- infection
- glaucoma and miosis
- mydriatics
- vascular
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UpToDate Contents
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English Journal
- [Eclipse retinopathy : A case series after the partial solar eclipse on 20 March 2015].
- Bachmeier I1, Helbig H2, Greslechner R2.
- Der Ophthalmologe : Zeitschrift der Deutschen Ophthalmologischen Gesellschaft.Ophthalmologe.2016 Jun 9. [Epub ahead of print]
- BACKGROUND: Solar retinopathy refers to damage to the central macula caused by exposure to intense solar radiation, most frequently observed after a solar eclipse.OBJECTIVE: Description of the morphological changes in spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and the clinical course in p
- PMID 27283596
- Endogenous spontaneous ultraweak photon emission in the formation of eye-specific retinogeniculate projections before birth.
- Bókkon I, Scholkmann F, Salari V, Császár N, Kapócs G.
- Reviews in the neurosciences.Rev Neurosci.2016 Jun 1;27(4):411-9. doi: 10.1515/revneuro-2015-0051.
- In 1963, it was suggested [Sperry, R.W. (1963). Chemoaffinity in the orderly growth of nerve fiber patterns and connections. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 50, 703-710.] that molecular cues can direct the development of orderly connections between the eye and the brain (the "chemoaffinity hypothesis").
- PMID 26656799
- Retinal Astrocytic Hamartoma Arises in Nerve Fiber Layer and Shows "Moth-Eaten" Optically Empty Spaces on Optical Coherence Tomography.
- Shields CL1, Say EA2, Fuller T2, Arora S2, Samara WA2, Shields JA2.
- Ophthalmology.Ophthalmology.2016 May 4. pii: S0161-6420(16)30104-X. doi: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2016.04.011. [Epub ahead of print]
- PURPOSE: To evaluate the specific spectral-domain (SD) optical coherence tomography (OCT) features of retinal astrocytic hamartoma (RAH) and the relationship of these features with tumor size and location.DESIGN: Retrospective case series.PARTICIPANTS: Forty-seven eyes of 42 patients with RAH.METHOD
- PMID 27157148
Japanese Journal
- Comprehensive investigation of areae gastricae pattern in gastric corpus using magnifying narrow band imaging endoscopy in patients with chronic atrophic fundic gastritis.
- Localization of the System L Amino Acid Transporters LAT1 and LAT2 in Rat Gastrointestinal Tract
Related Links
- [home] [info] [demo] [news] [contact] The Foveola shape recognition engine is an award-winning technology, inspired by Nobel Prize-winning neural research and with patents applied for. Foveola takes an innovative approach to ...
- foveola [fō vē′ə lə] foveola definition by Webster's New World noun pl. foveolae or foveolas a small fovea, or pit also foveole Origin: Modern Latin diminutive of fovea Related Forms: foveolate adjective or foveolated Webster\'s New ...
Related Pictures
★リンクテーブル★
[★]
- 英
- foveola
- 関
- 黄斑輪状反射
[★]
- 関
- caveola、caveolae、lacunar