fondness

　 　

WordNet

1. a predisposition to like something; "he had a fondness for whiskey" (同)fancy, partiality

PrepTutorEJDIC

1. 〈U〉〈C〉(…に対する)愛好,好み(liking)《+『for』+『名』(do-『ing』)》 / 〈U〉ばかにかわいがること,溺愛(できあい)

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2019/10/26 12:32:12」(JST)

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"Public Affection" redirects here. For the band formerly known as Public Affection, see Live (band).

For other uses, see Affection (disambiguation).

Two children showing affection.

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Emotions
Acceptance Affection Amusement Anger Angst Anguish Annoyance Anticipation Anxiety Apathy Arousal Awe Boredom Confidence Contempt Contentment Courage Cruelty Curiosity Depression Desire Despair Disappointment Disgust Distrust Ecstasy Embarrassment Empathy Enthusiasm Envy Euphoria Fear Frustration Gratification Gratitude Greed Grief Guilt Happiness Hatred Hope Horror Hostility Humiliation Interest Jealousy Joy Kindness Loneliness Love Lust Outrage Panic Passion Pity Pleasure Pride Rage Regret Rejection Remorse Resentment Sadness Saudade Schadenfreude Self-confidence Shame Shock Shyness Social connection Sorrow Suffering Surprise Trust Wonder Worry

Affection or fondness is a "disposition or state of mind or body" that is often associated with a feeling or type of love. It has given rise to a number of branches of philosophy and psychology concerning emotion, disease, influence, and state of being. "Affection" is popularly used to denote a feeling or type of love, amounting to more than goodwill or friendship. Writers on ethics generally use the word to refer to distinct states of feeling, both lasting and spasmodic. Some contrast it with passion as being free from the distinctively sensual element.

Even a very simple demonstration of affection can have a broad variety of emotional reactions, from embarrassment to disgust to pleasure and annoyance. It also has a different physical effect on the giver and the receiver.

Restricted definition

A young girl kisses a baby on the cheek.

More specifically, the word has been restricted to emotional states, the object of which is a living thing such as a human or animal. Affection is compared with passion, from the Greek "pathos". As such it appears in the writings of French philosopher René Descartes, Dutch philosopher Baruch Spinoza, and most of the writings of early British ethicists. However, on various grounds (e.g., that it does not involve anxiety or excitement and that it is comparatively inert and compatible with the entire absence of the gratifyingly physical element), it is generally and distinguished from passion. In this narrower sense, the word has played a great part in ethical systems, which have spoken of the social or parental affections as in some sense a part of moral obligations. For a consideration of these and similar problems, which depend ultimately on the degree in which the affections are regarded as voluntary.

Expression

Further information: Public display of affection

Affection can be communicated by looks, words, gestures, or touches. It conveys love and social connection. Affectionate behavior may have evolved from parental nurturing behavior due to its associations with hormonal rewards. Such affection has been shown to influence brain development in infants. Expressions of affection can be unwelcome if they pose implied threats to one's well being. If welcomed, affectionate behavior may be associated with various health benefits. It has been proposed that positive sentiments increase the propensity of people to interact and that familiarity gained through affection increases positive sentiments among them.

Benefits of affection

Affection exchange is seen as an adaptive human behavior that contributes to greater physical and mental well-being. The expression of affection mediates emotional, physical, and relational benefits for the individual and significant counterparts. The communication of positive feelings towards others has shown health benefits that include; lower stress hormones, lower cholesterol, lower blood pressure and stronger immune system. Benefits are internally noticed when the emotion is expressed and not merely felt, if affection is not reciprocated through the receiver, effects of the affection are still felt through the giver.

Parental relationships

Affectionate behavior is often regarded as the result of parental nurturing behavior due to its associations with hormonal rewards. Positive and negative parental behaviors can be linked to later life health problems. Abuse is a common attribute to poor health in later life, as the lack of affection leads to naturally poorer well-being and mental health. A 2013 study showed the effects of early child abuse and the outcome between lack of affection and the strong biological link for how these negative early-life experiences affect physical health.

Affectionism

Affectionism is a school of thought which considers affections as central importance. Although it is not found in mainstream Western philosophy, it does exist in Indian philosophy.

See also

• Affectional orientation
• Affective filter
• Affective videogames
• Attraction
• Crush
• Doctrine of the affections
• Emotion
• Infatuation
• List of emotions
• List of terms of endearment
• Social connection
• The Four Loves
• Terms of endearment

External links

• Quotations related to Affection at Wikiquote

English Journal

• The passing of 'the Prof'.

• Parker G1.
• The British journal of psychiatry : the journal of mental science.Br J Psychiatry.2016 Feb;208(2):106-7. doi: 10.1192/bjp.bp.115.164632.
• The archetypal professor of the 20th century is a dying breed, and now 'the Prof' truly occupies emeritus status. This article seeks to remember the Profs with fondness and consider some of the processes that led to their extinction. © The Royal College of Psychiatrists 2016.
• PMID 26834166

• Arjuna's recollections - Part III (or) an endocrine version of the "Motorcycle Diaries".

• Nagesh VS1.
• Indian journal of endocrinology and metabolism.Indian J Endocrinol Metab.2016 Jan-Feb;20(1):123-8. doi: 10.4103/2230-8210.172271.
• The ultimate dream of every young student stepping into the hallowed portals of a medical college is to achieve the holy grail of medical education, a DM seat. However, the real battle begins only after the DM seat is won. The residency is a veritable roller coaster ride all through the three years,
• PMID 26904481

• Common Characteristics of HIV-Neutralizing Antibodies with a Fondness for Sugars.

• McGuire AT1, Stamatatos L2.
• Immunity.Immunity.2015 Nov 17;43(5):837-40. doi: 10.1016/j.immuni.2015.10.026.
• Broadly neutralizing antibodies targeting quaternary epitopes on the apex of the HIV-1 envelope spike are an attractive vaccine target, yet engineering immunogens that recapitulate such epitopes has proven difficult. In this issue of Immunity, Andrabi and colleagues (2015) identify an exciting new c
• PMID 26588775

• Human noroviruses' fondness for histo-blood group antigens.

• Singh BK1, Leuthold MM1, Hansman GS2.
• Journal of virology.J Virol.2015 Feb;89(4):2024-40. doi: 10.1128/JVI.02968-14. Epub 2014 Nov 26.
• Human noroviruses are the dominant cause of outbreaks of gastroenteritis around the world. Human noroviruses interact with the polymorphic human histo-blood group antigens (HBGAs), and this interaction is thought to be important for infection. Indeed, synthetic HBGAs or HBGA-expressing enteric bacte
• PMID 25428879

Japanese Journal

• 愛好という病 : 唐代における偏愛・偏好への志向

• 東方学 126, 35-52, 2013-07
• NAID 40019778948

• ボスニア・ヘルツェゴヴィナにおけるマイノリティ帰還者の残留実態

• 環境科学研究 = Studies of environmental sciences 8, 17-51, 2013
• NAID 120005435096

• 井上ひさし氏の地図への思い

• 地図 = Map 49(1), 34-35, 2011-03-31
• NAID 10028255452

• 山水癖の繪畫--谷文晁筆「東北地方寫生圖」をめぐつて

• 國華 114(2), 3-22, 2008-09
• NAID 40016242120

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