WordNet
- a metabolic process that breaks down ingested fats into fatty acids and glycerol and then into simpler compounds that can be used by cells of the body
- having an (over)abundance of flesh; "he hadnt remembered how fat she was"
- a soft greasy substance occurring in organic tissue and consisting of a mixture of lipids (mostly triglycerides); "pizza has too much fat"
- marked by great fruitfulness; "fertile farmland"; "a fat land"; "a productive vineyard"; "rich soil" (同)fertile, productive, rich
- lucrative; "a juicy contract"; "a nice fat job" (同)juicy
- having a relatively large diameter; "a fat rope"
- the organic processes (in a cell or organism) that are necessary for life (同)metabolic_process
- the syllable naming the fourth (subdominant) note of the diatonic scale in solmization
PrepTutorEJDIC
- 『脂肪』,脂肪分 / (動物の)あぶら身 / (料理用の)油,ヘット / 肥満,太り過ぎ / 『太った』,肥満した / 『脂肪の多い』 / たっぷりとはいった,分厚い / もうかる / (土地が)肥えた / …‘を'太らせる / ふとる,肥える
- 新陳代謝,物質交代
- ファ(全音階の第4音)
- 宿命の,破滅を運命づけられた,運のつきた
- farad / forte
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』「2015/11/25 14:15:07」(JST)
[Wiki en表示]
Lipid metabolism refers to the processes that involve the intercourse and degradation of lipids.
The types of lipids involved include:
- Bile salts
- Cholesterols
- Eicosanoids
- Glycolipids
- Ketone bodies
- Fatty acids - see also fatty acid metabolism
- Phospholipids
- Sphingolipids
- Steroid - see also steroidogenesis
- Triacylglycerols (fats) - see also lipolysis and lipogenesis
External links
- Lipid metabolism at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
- Ophardt, Charles E. (2003) Lipid Catabolism Summary. Virtual Chembook. Elmhurst College.
- King, Michael W. Fatty Acid, Omega-3 and Omega-6 Fatty Acid, Triglyceride, and Phospholipid Synthesis and Metabolism. The Medical Biochemistry Page.
- Breaking news and clinical trials about Lipid and Metabolism
- [1] in Lipid Metabolism and Sites of Action of Lipid-Modifying Drugs (Not Statins)
Metabolism catabolism, anabolism
|
|
General |
- Metabolic pathway
- Metabolic network
- Primary nutritional groups
|
|
Energy
metabolism |
Aerobic respiration |
- Glycolysis → Pyruvate decarboxylation → Citric acid cycle → Oxidative phosphorylation (electron transport chain + ATP synthase)
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Anaerobic respiration |
- Electron acceptors are other than oxygen
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Fermentation |
- Glycolysis →
- Substrate-level phosphorylation
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Specific
paths |
Protein metabolism |
- Protein synthesis
- Catabolism
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Carbohydrate metabolism
(carbohydrate catabolism
and anabolism) |
Human |
- Glycolysis ⇄ Gluconeogenesis
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- Glycogenolysis ⇄ Glycogenesis
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- Pentose phosphate pathway
- Fructolysis
- Galactolysis
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Nonhuman |
- Photosynthesis
- Anoxygenic photosynthesis
- Chemosynthesis
- Carbon fixation
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- Xylose metabolism
- Radiotrophism
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|
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Lipid metabolism
(lipolysis, lipogenesis) |
Fatty acid metabolism |
- Fatty acid degradation (Beta oxidation)
- Fatty acid synthesis
|
|
Other |
- Steroid metabolism
- Sphingolipid metabolism
- Eicosanoid metabolism
- Ketosis
- Reverse cholesterol transport
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|
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Amino acid |
- Amino acid synthesis
- Urea cycle
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Nucleotide
metabolism |
- Purine metabolism
- Nucleotide salvage
- Pyrimidine metabolism
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Other |
- Metal metabolism
- Ethanol metabolism
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|
|
Index of inborn errors of metabolism
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Description |
- Metabolism
- Enzymes and pathways: citric acid cycle
- pentose phosphate
- glycoproteins
- glycosaminoglycans
- phospholipid
- cholesterol and steroid
- sphingolipids
- eicosanoids
- amino acid
- urea cycle
- nucleotide
|
|
Disorders |
- Citric acid cycle and electron transport chain
- Glycoprotein
- Proteoglycan
- Fatty-acid
- Phospholipid
- Cholesterol and steroid
- Eicosanoid
- Amino acid
- Purine-pyrimidine
- Heme metabolism
- Symptoms and signs
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Treatment |
|
Index of biochemical families
|
|
Carbohydrates |
- Alcohols
- Glycoproteins
- Glycosides
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Lipids |
- Eicosanoids
- Fatty acids
- Glycerides
- Phospholipids
- Sphingolipids
- Steroids
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Nucleic acids |
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Proteins |
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Other |
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Metabolism: lipid metabolism / fatty acid metabolism, triglyceride and fatty acid enzymes
|
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Synthesis |
Malonyl-CoA synthesis |
- ATP citrate lyase
- Acetyl-CoA carboxylase
|
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Fatty acid synthesis/
Fatty acid synthase |
- Beta-ketoacyl-ACP synthase
- Β-Ketoacyl ACP reductase
- 3-Hydroxyacyl ACP dehydrase
- Enoyl ACP reductase
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Fatty acid desaturases |
- Stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1
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Triacyl glycerol |
- Glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase
- Thiokinase
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Degradation |
Acyl transport |
- Carnitine palmitoyltransferase I
- Carnitine-acylcarnitine translocase
- Carnitine palmitoyltransferase II
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|
Beta oxidation |
General |
- Acyl CoA dehydrogenase (ACADL
- ACADM
- ACADS
- ACADVL
- ACADSB)
- Enoyl-CoA hydratase
- Acetyl-CoA C-acyltransferase
|
|
Unsaturated |
- Enoyl CoA isomerase
- 2,4 Dienoyl-CoA reductase
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Odd chain |
- Propionyl-CoA carboxylase
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Other |
- Hydroxyacyl-Coenzyme A dehydrogenase
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|
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To acetyl-CoA |
- Malonyl-CoA decarboxylase
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Aldehydes |
- Long-chain-aldehyde dehydrogenase
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|
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Index of inborn errors of metabolism
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|
Description |
- Metabolism
- Enzymes and pathways: citric acid cycle
- pentose phosphate
- glycoproteins
- glycosaminoglycans
- phospholipid
- cholesterol and steroid
- sphingolipids
- eicosanoids
- amino acid
- urea cycle
- nucleotide
|
|
Disorders |
- Citric acid cycle and electron transport chain
- Glycoprotein
- Proteoglycan
- Fatty-acid
- Phospholipid
- Cholesterol and steroid
- Eicosanoid
- Amino acid
- Purine-pyrimidine
- Heme metabolism
- Symptoms and signs
|
|
Treatment |
|
Index of nutrition
|
|
Description |
- Vitamins
- Cofactors
- Metal metabolism
- Fats
- metabolism
- intermediates
- lipoproteins
- Sugars
- Glycolysis
- Glycogenesis and glycogenolysis
- Fructose and galactose
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Disease |
- Vitamins
- Carbohydrate
- Lipid
- Metals
- Other
- Symptoms and signs
- Tests
|
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Treatment |
- Drugs
- Vitamins
- Mineral supplements
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|
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Metabolism: lipid metabolism - eicosanoid metabolism enzymes
|
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Precursor |
- Phospholipase C
- Diacylglycerol lipase
|
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Prostanoids |
- PGE synthase
- Prostaglandin-E2 9-reductase
|
|
Leukotrienes |
- 5-Lipoxygenase activating protein/Arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase
- LTA4 hydrolase (B4 synthesis)
- LTC4 synthase
- Gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase
- LTD4 hydrolase
|
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Ungrouped |
|
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Index of inborn errors of metabolism
|
|
Description |
- Metabolism
- Enzymes and pathways: citric acid cycle
- pentose phosphate
- glycoproteins
- glycosaminoglycans
- phospholipid
- cholesterol and steroid
- sphingolipids
- eicosanoids
- amino acid
- urea cycle
- nucleotide
|
|
Disorders |
- Citric acid cycle and electron transport chain
- Glycoprotein
- Proteoglycan
- Fatty-acid
- Phospholipid
- Cholesterol and steroid
- Eicosanoid
- Amino acid
- Purine-pyrimidine
- Heme metabolism
- Symptoms and signs
|
|
Treatment |
|
|
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Metabolism, lipid metabolism, glycolipid enzymes
|
|
Sphingolipid |
To glycosphingolipid |
- Glycosyltransferase
- Sulfotransferase
|
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To ceramide |
- From ganglioside
- Beta-galactosidase
- Hexosaminidase A
- Neuraminidase
- Glucocerebrosidase
- From globoside
- Hexosaminidase B
- Alpha-galactosidase
- Beta-galactosidase
- Glucocerebrosidase
- From sphingomyelin
- Sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase
- Sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase 1
- From sulfatide
- Arylsulfatase A
- Galactosylceramidase
|
|
To sphingosine |
- Ceramidase
- ACER1
- ACER2
- ACER3
- ASAH1
- ASAH2
- ASAH2B
- ASAH2C
|
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Other |
|
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|
NCL |
- Palmitoyl protein thioesterase
- Tripeptidyl peptidase I
- CLN3
- CLN5
- CLN6
- CLN8
|
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Ceramide synthesis |
- Serine C-palmitoyltransferase (SPTLC1)
- Ceramide glucosyltransferase (UGCG)
|
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Index of inborn errors of metabolism
|
|
Description |
- Metabolism
- Enzymes and pathways: citric acid cycle
- pentose phosphate
- glycoproteins
- glycosaminoglycans
- phospholipid
- cholesterol and steroid
- sphingolipids
- eicosanoids
- amino acid
- urea cycle
- nucleotide
|
|
Disorders |
- Citric acid cycle and electron transport chain
- Glycoprotein
- Proteoglycan
- Fatty-acid
- Phospholipid
- Cholesterol and steroid
- Eicosanoid
- Amino acid
- Purine-pyrimidine
- Heme metabolism
- Symptoms and signs
|
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Treatment |
|
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Metabolism: lipid metabolism – ketones/cholesterol synthesis enzymes/steroid metabolism
|
|
Mevalonate pathway |
To HMG-CoA |
- Acetyl-Coenzyme A acetyltransferase
- HMG-CoA synthase (regulated step)
|
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Ketogenesis |
- HMG-CoA lyase
- 3-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase
- Thiophorase
|
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To Mevalonic acid |
|
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To DMAPP |
- Mevalonate kinase
- Phosphomevalonate kinase
- Pyrophosphomevalonate decarboxylase
- Isopentenyl-diphosphate delta isomerase
|
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Geranyl- |
- Dimethylallyltranstransferase
- Geranyl pyrophosphate
|
|
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To cholesterol |
To lanosterol |
- Farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase
- Squalene monooxygenase
- Lanosterol synthase
|
|
7-Dehydrocholesterol path |
- Lanosterol 14α-demethylase
- Sterol-C5-desaturase-like
- 7-Dehydrocholesterol reductase
|
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Desmosterol path |
- 24-dehydrocholesterol reductase
|
|
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To Bile acids |
- Cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase
- Sterol 27-hydroxylase
|
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Steroidogenesis |
To pregnenolone |
|
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To corticosteroids |
- aldosterone: 18-hydroxylase
- cortisol/cortisone: 17α-hydroxylase
- 11β dehydrogenase
- both: 3β dehydrogenase
- 21α-hydroxylase
- 11β-hydroxylase
|
|
To sex hormones |
To androgens |
- 17α-hydroxylase/17,20 lyase
- 3β dehydrogenase
- 17β dehydrogenase
- 5α reductase
|
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To estrogens |
|
|
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Other/ungrouped |
- Steroid metabolism: sulfatase
- sulfotransferase
- Steroidogenic acute regulatory protein
- Cholesterol total synthesis
- Reverse cholesterol transport
|
|
|
Index of inborn errors of metabolism
|
|
Description |
- Metabolism
- Enzymes and pathways: citric acid cycle
- pentose phosphate
- glycoproteins
- glycosaminoglycans
- phospholipid
- cholesterol and steroid
- sphingolipids
- eicosanoids
- amino acid
- urea cycle
- nucleotide
|
|
Disorders |
- Citric acid cycle and electron transport chain
- Glycoprotein
- Proteoglycan
- Fatty-acid
- Phospholipid
- Cholesterol and steroid
- Eicosanoid
- Amino acid
- Purine-pyrimidine
- Heme metabolism
- Symptoms and signs
|
|
Treatment |
|
Index of hormones
|
|
Description |
- Glands
- Hormones
- thyroid
- mineralocorticoids
- Physiology
- Development
|
|
Disease |
- Diabetes
- Congenital
- Neoplasms and cancer
- Other
- Symptoms and signs
|
|
Treatment |
- Procedures
- Drugs
- calcium balance
- corticosteroids
- oral hypoglycemics
- pituitary and hypothalamic
- thyroid
|
|
|
UpToDate Contents
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English Journal
- Effect of Obesity on the Preovulatory Follicle and Lipid Fingerprint of Equine Oocytes.
- Sessions-Bresnahan DR1, Schauer KL2, Heuberger AL3, Carnevale EM4.
- Biology of reproduction.Biol Reprod.2016 Dec;94(1):15. doi: 10.1095/biolreprod.115.130187. Epub 2015 Dec 2.
- Obesity is associated with disrupted reproductive cycles in mares, but the impact of obesity on follicles and oocytes has received minimal attention. We investigated the impact of obesity on 1) expression of selected genes in follicle cells for carbohydrate metabolism, inflammatory cytokines, lipid
- PMID 26632608
- Stability and metabolism of Arbutus unedo bioactive compounds (phenolics and antioxidants) under in vitro digestion and colonic fermentation.
- Mosele JI1, Macià A1, Romero MP1, Motilva MJ2.
- Food chemistry.Food Chem.2016 Jun 15;201:120-30. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.01.076. Epub 2016 Jan 20.
- The natural antioxidants of Arbutus unedo highlight the importance of this fruit as natural source of bioactive compounds. In the present study, to evaluate the stability of phenolic compounds, ascorbic acid and fat-soluble antioxidants (α-tocopherol, β-carotene and lutein), in vitro gastrointesti
- PMID 26868556
- Lipidomics of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells: Understanding the Adaptation of Phospholipid Profile in Response to Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines.
- Campos AM1, Maciel E1, Moreira AS1, Sousa B1, Melo T1, Domingues P1, Curado L2, Antunes B2, Domingues MR1, Santos F2.
- Journal of cellular physiology.J Cell Physiol.2016 May;231(5):1024-32. doi: 10.1002/jcp.25191. Epub 2015 Oct 8.
- Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) present anti-inflammatory properties and are being used with great success as treatment for inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. In clinical applications MSCs are subjected to a strong pro-inflammatory environment, essential to their immunosuppressive action. Despit
- PMID 26363509
Japanese Journal
- 油脂源の異なる高脂肪食給与が近交系マウスの脂質代謝反応に及ぼす影響
- Inhibition of Small Maf Function in Pancreatic β-Cells Improves Glucose Tolerance Through the Enhancement of Insulin Gene Transcription and Insulin Secretion
- 骨細胞による全身代謝調節機構 (特集 臓器間ネットワークの解明)
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