電気眼位図、眼球電図、眼電図

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2017/02/26 18:36:30」(JST)

wiki en

Electrooculograms for the left eye (LEOG) and the right eye (REOG) for the period of REM sleep.

Electrooculography (EOG/E.O.G.) is a technique for measuring the corneo-retinal standing potential that exists between the front and the back of the human eye. The resulting signal is called the electrooculogram. Primary applications are in ophthalmological diagnosis and in recording eye movements. Unlike the electroretinogram, the EOG does not measure response to individual visual stimuli.

To measure eye movement, pairs of electrodes are typically placed either above and below the eye or to the left and right of the eye. If the eye moves from center position toward one of the two electrodes, this electrode "sees" the positive side of the retina and the opposite electrode "sees" the negative side of the retina. Consequently, a potential difference occurs between the electrodes. Assuming that the resting potential is constant, the recorded potential is a measure of the eye's position.

Principle

The eye acts as a dipole in which the anterior pole is positive and the posterior pole is negative.

Left gaze: the cornea approaches the electrode near the outer canthus of the left eye, resulting in a negative-trending change in the recorded potential difference.
Right gaze: the cornea approaches the electrode near the inner canthus of the left eye, resulting in a positive-trending change in the recorded potential difference.

Ophthalmological diagnosis

The EOG is used to assess the function of the pigment epithelium. During dark adaptation, resting potential decreases slightly and reaches a minimum ("dark trough") after several minutes. When light is switched on, a substantial increase of the resting potential occurs ("light peak"), which drops off after a few minutes when the retina adapts to the light. The ratio of the voltages (i.e. light peak divided by dark trough) is known as the Arden ratio. In practice, the measurement is similar to eye movement recordings (see above). The patient is asked to switch eye position repeatedly between two points (alternating looking from center to the left and from center to the right). Since these positions are constant, a change in the recorded potential originates from a change in the resting potential.

Application in Entertainment

Electrooculography was used by Robert Zemeckis and Jerome Chen, the visual effects supervisor in the movie Beowulf, to enhance the performance capture by correctly animating the eye movements of the actors. The result was an improvement over the technique used for the film The Polar Express.

Electrooculography, in addition to other neuromuscular signals, is used as a computer input method by the Neural Impulse Actuator.

References

Brown, M., Marmor, M. and Vaegan, ISCEV Standard for Clinical Electro-oculography (EOG) (2006), in: Documenta Ophthalmologica, 113:3(205—212)

Bulling, A. et al.: It's in Your Eyes - Towards Context-Awareness and Mobile HCI Using Wearable EOG Goggles, Proc. of the 10th International Conference on Ubiquitous Computing (UbiComp 2008), pages 84–93, ACM Press, 2008

Bulling, A. et al.: Robust Recognition of Reading Activity in Transit Using Wearable Electrooculography, Proc. of the 6th International Conference on Pervasive Computing (Pervasive 2008), pages 19–37, Springer, 2008

Bulling, A. et al.: Wearable EOG goggles: Seamless sensing and context-awareness in everyday environments, Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Smart Environments, 1(2):157-171, 2009

Bulling, A. et al.: Eye Movement Analysis for Activity Recognition Using Electrooculography, IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, in press

Bulling, A. et al.: Eye Movement Analysis for Activity Recognition, International Conference on Ubiquitous Computing (UbiComp 2009), pages 41–50, ACM Press, 2009.

UpToDate Contents

全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.

1. 神経筋障害および胸壁障害のある患者における睡眠時障害呼吸の評価 evaluation of sleep disordered breathing in patients with neuromuscular and chest wall disease
2. 関節リウマチの眼症状 ocular manifestations of rheumatoid arthritis
3. 慢性腎疾患関連眼疾患 eye disorders associated with chronic kidney disease

English Journal

Best's vitelliform macular dystrophy associated with choroidal neovascularization.

Céspedes A, Pérez-De-Arcelus M, García-Arumí J.SourceServicio de Oftalmología, Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, España.
Archivos de la Sociedad Espanola de Oftalmologia.Arch Soc Esp Oftalmol.2012 Oct;87(10):333-336. doi: 10.1016/j.oftal.2011.11.010. Epub 2012 Mar 14.
CASE REPORT: We report the case of a child with a sudden loss of vision of the left eye. Ophthalmoscopic examination revealed vitelliform lesions in both foveal centers, as well as an adjacent hemorrhage in his left eye. Fluorescein angiography confirmed the presence of a neovascular membrane in his
PMID 23021232

Visual sampling during walking in people with Parkinson's disease and the influence of environment and dual-task.

Galna B, Lord S, Daud D, Archibald N, Burn D, Rochester L.SourceClinical Ageing Research Unit, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Institute for Ageing and Health, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5PL, UK.
Brain research.Brain Res.2012 Sep 14;1473:35-43. doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2012.07.017. Epub 2012 Jul 20.
Visuospatial dysfunction may play a crucial role in gait disturbance in Parkinson's disease (PD), in particular how visual exploration of the environment is integrated into gait control. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that people with PD would visually sample their environment less frequent
PMID 22824332

Japanese Journal

眼電図信号比の平面近似を用いた視線推定改善のための電極配置の検討 (MEとバイオサイバネティックス)

電子情報通信学会技術研究報告 = IEICE technical report : 信学技報 116(58), 19-22, 2016-05-21
NAID 40020849939

安全コンセプトに基づく電動車いす操縦支援システムの開発 (制御研究会人と機械をつなぐ情報・制御技術,および制御一般)

電気学会研究会資料. CT 2015(131-137), 5-7, 2015-09-26
NAID 40020600361

電動車いす操縦支援システムのリスクアセスメントに基づく安全コンセプトの構築 (制御研究会人と機械をつなぐ情報・制御技術,および制御一般)

電気学会研究会資料. CT 2015(20-27・29・30), 33-37, 2015-03-21
NAID 40020422514

Related Pictures

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「EOG」「眼球電図」「電気眼位図」「眼電図」

「EOG」

Electrooculography
	Intervention
ICD-9-CM	95.22
MeSH	D004585
	[edit on Wikidata]

　　[★]

「眼球電図」

　　[★]

英: electrooculogram electro-oculogram EOG
ラ: electro-oculogramma
同: 眼電位図

「電気眼位図」

　　[★]

英: electrooculogram
関: 眼球電図、眼電図

「眼電図」

　　[★]

英: electrooculogram
同: EOG

v t e Medical test: Electrodiagnosis

Electrocardiography	Vectorcardiography Magnetocardiography

Central nervous system	Electroencephalography (Intracranial EEG) Magnetoencephalography

Peripheral nervous system	Electromyography (Facial electromyography) Nerve conduction study

Eyes	Electronystagmography Electrooculography Electroretinography

Digestive system	Electrogastrogram Magnetogastrography

匿名

検索

案内

案内

electrooculogram