dorsomedial hypothalamic nucleus

視床下部背内側核

関

dorsomedial hypothalamic nuclei

WordNet

1. a part of the cell containing DNA and RNA and responsible for growth and reproduction (同)cell_nucleus, karyon
2. (astronomy) the center of the head of a comet; consists of small solid particles of ice and frozen gas that vaporizes on approaching the sun to form the coma and tail
3. any histologically identifiable mass of neural cell bodies in the brain or spinal cord
4. the positively charged dense center of an atom
5. of or relating to the hypothalamus

PrepTutorEJDIC

1. 中心,核 / (生物の)細胞核 / 原子核

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/08/06 00:03:47」(JST)

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Not to be confused with Medial dorsal nucleus.

Dorsomedial hypothalamic nucleus
Dorsomedial nucleus is 'DM', at center, in green.
Details
Latin	Nucleus dorsomedialis areae hypothalamicae intermediae
Identifiers
MeSH	A08.186.211.730.385.357.352.270
NeuroNames	hier-380
NeuroLex ID	Dorsomedial nucleus of hypothalamus
Dorlands /Elsevier	n_11/12581138
TA	A14.1.08.917
FMA	62331
Anatomical terms of neuroanatomy

The dorsomedial hypothalamic nucleus is a nucleus of the hypothalamus. It is involved in feeding, drinking, body-weight regulation and circadian activity. More specifically, it is a necessary component for the expression of numerous behavioral and physiological circadian rhythms. The dorsomedial hypothalamic nucleus receives information from neurons and humors involved in feeding regulation, body weight and energy consumption, and then passes this information on to brain regions involved in sleep and wakefulness regulation, body temperature and corticosteroid secretion.

Function

The dorsomedial hypothalamic nucleus (DMH) receives its circadian information from the suprachiasmatic nucleus and senses leptin and other feeding cues, but it is also very possible that it contains its own feeding-entrained oscillator (FEO). This still has yet to be proven in vitro. The DMH sends information to the ventrolateral preoptic area, locus coeruleus, and orexin neurons in order to aid in the regulation of wakefulness. The DMH is also involved in the regulation of hypothalamic outflow to the autonomic nervous and endocrine systems. Almost all major nuclei and areas of the hypothalamus feed information to the DMH. The inhibition of neuronal activation using muscimol in the DMH inhibited 85% of heart rate response and 68% of blood pressure response to air stress. This displays that the DMH also plays a role in the increase of heart rate and blood pressure as cardiovascular responses to stress. The DMH is also a part of the pathway corticotrophin-releasing hormone (CRH) takes when it is secreted by the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus, and it is involved in the flow from the sympathetic nervous system to the adrenal gland.

Clinical significance

Damage

It was found in the study done by Gooley et al. that lesions in DMH neurons in rats prevented food entrainment of wakefulness, locomotor activity, and core body temperature. This further verifies its role in oscillation between feeding and circadian rhythm. Lesions in the DMH of rats also caused a weakened level of response to the feeding-stimulant insulin.

References

UpToDate Contents

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• 1. 思春期遅発症患者へのアプローチapproach to the patient with delayed puberty [show details]
  …level can result from a lactotroph adenoma (prolactinoma) or from any hypothalamic or pituitary disorder that interrupts hypothalamic inhibition of prolactin secretion. Patients with hyperprolactinemia (unless …
• 2. 視床下部下垂体軸hypothalamic pituitary axis [show details]
  …influencing growth, milk production, and water balance . The hypothalamic-pituitary axis will be reviewed here. The functions of the hypothalamic and pituitary hormones are discussed separately. The hypothalamus …
• 3. 機能性視床下部性無月経：病態生理と臨床症状functional hypothalamic amenorrhea pathophysiology and clinical manifestations [show details]
  …diagnosed after ruling out other etiologies of amenorrhea. The terms functional hypothalamic amenorrhea and hypothalamic amenorrhea (HA) are often used interchangeably. This topic will review the pathophysiology …
• 4. 機能性視床下部性無月経:評価とマネージメントfunctional hypothalamic amenorrhea evaluation and management [show details]
  …etiologies of amenorrhea. The terms FHA and hypothalamic amenorrhea (HA) are often used interchangeably. FHA is presumed to be a functional disruption of pulsatile hypothalamic gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) …
• 5. 続発性無月経の疫学および原因epidemiology and causes of secondary amenorrhea [show details]
  … result in a decrease in hypothalamic GnRH secretion and/or when it is associated with nutritional deficiencies. Functional hypothalamic amenorrhea, or functional hypothalamic GnRH deficiency, is a disorder …

English Journal

• Cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript peptide (CART) in the brain of zebra finch, Taeniopygia guttata: Organization, interaction with neuropeptide Y, and response to changes in energy status.

• Singh O1, Kumar S1, Singh U1, Kumar V2, Lechan RM3,4, Singru PS1.
• The Journal of comparative neurology.J Comp Neurol.2016 Oct 15;524(15):3014-41. doi: 10.1002/cne.24004. Epub 2016 Apr 18.
• Cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART) has emerged as a potent anorectic agent. CART is widely distributed in the brain of mammals, amphibians, and teleosts, but the relevant information in avian brain is not available. In birds, CART inhibits food intake, whereas neuropeptide Y (NPY),
• PMID 27018984

• Elucidation of the anatomy of a satiety network: Focus on connectivity of the parabrachial nucleus in the adult rat.

• Zséli G1,2, Vida B1,3, Martinez A4,5, Lechan RM6,7, Khan AM4, Fekete C1,6.
• The Journal of comparative neurology.J Comp Neurol.2016 Oct 1;524(14):2803-27. doi: 10.1002/cne.23992. Epub 2016 May 5.
• We hypothesized that brain regions showing neuronal activation after refeeding comprise major nodes in a satiety network, and tested this hypothesis with two sets of experiments. Detailed c-Fos mapping comparing fasted and refed rats was performed to identify candidate nodes of the satiety network.
• PMID 26918800

• Stimulation of the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus increases brown adipose tissue nerve activity via hypothalamic paraventricular and dorsomedial nuclei.

• Chitravanshi VC1, Kawabe K1, Sapru HN2.
• American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology.Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol.2016 Aug 1;311(2):H433-44. doi: 10.1152/ajpheart.00176.2016. Epub 2016 Jul 8.
• Hypothalamic arcuate nucleus (ARCN) stimulation elicited increases in sympathetic nerve activity (IBATSNA) and temperature (TBAT) of interscapular brown adipose tissue (IBAT). The role of hypothalamic dorsomedial (DMN) and paraventricular (PVN) nuclei in mediating these responses was studied in uret
• PMID 27402666

Japanese Journal

• Psychological stress activates a dorsomedial hypothalamus-medullary raphe circuit driving brown adipose tissue thermogenesis and hyperthermia.

• Cell metabolism 20(2), 346-358, 2014-08-05
• NAID 120005553940

• Distribution of Fos-immunoreactive cells in rat forebrain and midbrain following social defeat stress and diazepam treatment.

• Neuroscience 272, 34-57, 2014-07-11
• NAID 120005439547

• Adjusting the light in the limit conditions of consciousness by the means of ascending reticular activating system (ARAS*) and of subordinated systems Part 1: Introduction and Aims

• LASER THERAPY 23(1), 31-40, 2014
• NAID 130004872605

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★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「視床下部背内側核」「dorsomedial hypothalamic nuclei」
関連記事	「hypothalamic」「hypothalami」「dorsomedial」

「視床下部背内側核」

　　[★]

英

dorsomedial hypothalamic nucleus、dorsomedial hypothalamic nuclei

「dorsomedial hypothalamic nuclei」

　　[★]

視床下部背内側核

関

dorsomedial hypothalamic nucleus

「hypothalamic」

　　[★]

• adj.

• 視床下部の, 視床下部性の

関

hypothalami、hypothalamus、subthalamic

　

「hypothalami」

　　[★]

• n.

• 視床下部

関

hypothalamic、hypothalamus、subthalamic

「dorsomedial」

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• 背内側の、背側正中の

関

mediodorsal