ジメチルイソプロピルアズレン
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English Journal
- Comprehensive assessment of the photomutagenicity, photogenotoxicity and photo(cyto)toxicity of azulene.
- Struwe M1, Csato M, Singer T, Gocke E.Author information 1F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Non Clinical Safety, B. 073/215A, Ch-4070 Basel, Switzerland. melanie.struwe@roche.comAbstractThe polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon azulene and its naturally occurring derivative guaiazulene (1,4-dimethyl-7-isopropylazulene) are known to absorb light in the UV-vis region of the spectrum. Both compounds were reported to be mutagenic in the Salmonella typhimurium bacterial mutagenicity assay (Ames test) in strain TA102, and to cause DNA damage in the comet assay in vitro upon exposure to UVA light. In contrast, another study reported a photoprotective effect in vitro of guaiazulene. We present here a comprehensive assessment of the photo(cyto)toxicity (3T3 fibroblast Neutral Red uptake test), the photomutagenicity (Ames test) and photogenotoxicity (comet assay and micronucleus test in L5178Y cells in vitro) of azulene. In the Ames test, the mutagenicity of azulene was assessed in the presence and absence of UV light by use of the Salmonella strains TA102, TA104, TA2638 and E. coli WP2. Azulene was irradiated before being plated with bacteria (pre-irradiation), or concomitantly with the bacteria either after plating or while in suspension. Guaiazulene was included in some of the experiments. Neither in the photo-Ames test nor in the other photogenotoxicity tests, azulene or guaiazulene showed any photomutagenic or photogenotoxic activity. Weak photo(cyto)toxicity (estimate of PIF≥1.67) was observed with azulene in the 3T3 NRU test, the Alamar Blue test and the relative cell count, which may be due to the generation of reactive oxygen species, as reported recently.
- Mutation research.Mutat Res.2011 Aug 16;723(2):129-33. doi: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2011.03.017. Epub 2011 Apr 29.
- The polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon azulene and its naturally occurring derivative guaiazulene (1,4-dimethyl-7-isopropylazulene) are known to absorb light in the UV-vis region of the spectrum. Both compounds were reported to be mutagenic in the Salmonella typhimurium bacterial mutagenicity assay (Am
- PMID 21554980
- Study on the photostability of guaiazulene by high-performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry.
- Fiori J1, Gotti R, Albini A, Cavrini V.Author information 1Department of Pharmaceutical Science, University of Bologna, Italy.AbstractThe photostability of guaiazulene (1,4-dimethyl-7-isopropylazulene; GA), a natural azulenic compound used in cosmetic and health-care products, as well as in pharmaceutical preparations, was investigated in solution (methanol, ethanol, acetonitrile), by different techniques: gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) and high-performance liquid chromatography combined with atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry and UV detection (LC/APCI-MS and HPLC/UV). A solar simulator (xenon-arc lamp) was used as UV-A radiation source. The study involved: monitoring compound decomposition, identifying products of photodegradation (PPs), assessing the role of oxygen and evaluating the kinetics of the process. Minor PPs are volatile compounds and were characterized by GC/MS, while oligomeric polyoxygenated compounds, tentatively characterized on the basis of MS and MS/MS spectra, were found to be the main photoproducts. The photodegradation was found to be enhanced by the presence of oxygen; nevertheless, determination of the singlet oxygen quantum yield for GA gave a lower value than that for the reference standard Rose Bengal. The obtained results and the developed stability-indicating methods (GC/MS and LC/MS) are of interest for stability studies and/or quality control purposes of GA as raw material or cosmetic products.
- Rapid communications in mass spectrometry : RCM.Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom.2008 Sep;22(17):2698-706. doi: 10.1002/rcm.3661.
- The photostability of guaiazulene (1,4-dimethyl-7-isopropylazulene; GA), a natural azulenic compound used in cosmetic and health-care products, as well as in pharmaceutical preparations, was investigated in solution (methanol, ethanol, acetonitrile), by different techniques: gas chromatography/mass
- PMID 18680092
- Gargling with sodium azulene sulfonate reduces the postoperative sore throat after intubation of the trachea.
- Ogata J1, Minami K, Horishita T, Shiraishi M, Okamoto T, Terada T, Sata T.Author information 1Department of Anesthesiology, University of Occupational and Environmental Health School of Medicine, 1-1, Iseigaoka, Yahatanishiku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 807-8555, Japan.AbstractPostoperative sore throat (POST) is a complication that remains to be resolved in patients undergoing endotracheal intubation. In this study, we investigated whether preoperative gargling with sodium 1,4-dimethyl-7-isopropylazulene-3-sulfonate monohydrate (sodium azulene sulfonate, Azunol) reduces POST after endotracheal intubation. Forty patients scheduled for elective surgery under general anesthesia were randomized into Azunol and control groups. In the Azunol group, patients gargled with 4 mg Azunol diluted with 100 mL tap water (40 microg/mL). In the control group, patients gargled with 100 mL of tap water. After emergence from general anesthesia, the patients with POST were counted and POST was evaluated using a verbal analog pain scale. There were no significant differences between the two groups by age, height, body weight, gender distribution, or duration of anesthesia and surgery. In the control group, 13 patients (65%) complained of POST, which remained 24 h later in nine patients (45%). In the Azunol group, five patients (25%) also complained of POST, which completely disappeared by 24 h later. The incidence of POST and verbal analog pain scale scores in the Azunol group decreased significantly compared with the control group. We demonstrated that gargling with Azunol effectively attenuated POST with no adverse reactions.
- Anesthesia and analgesia.Anesth Analg.2005 Jul;101(1):290-3, table of contents.
- Postoperative sore throat (POST) is a complication that remains to be resolved in patients undergoing endotracheal intubation. In this study, we investigated whether preoperative gargling with sodium 1,4-dimethyl-7-isopropylazulene-3-sulfonate monohydrate (sodium azulene sulfonate, Azunol) reduces P
- PMID 15976248
Japanese Journal
- 非侵襲的陽圧換気(NPPV)療法中のマスク装着部に対する新しい皮膚ケア法の検討
- 非侵襲的陽圧換気（NPPV）療法中のマスク装着部に対する新しい皮膚ケア法の検討
- The Oxidation of Dimethyl2-Hydroxy-5-isopropylazulene-1, 3-dicarboxylat and Its 6-Isopropyl Isomer with Lead Dioxide - The First Formation of a Diethenodicyclopenta[ef:kl]heptalene Derivative -
Related Links
- ジメチルイソプロピルアズレン (Dimethyl Isopropylazulene) 慣用名 グアイアズレン (Guaiazulene) 化学名 1,4-Dimethyl-7-isopropylazulene 分子式 C 15 H 18 分子量 198.30 化学構造式 性状 本品は暗青色の結晶又は液体で、わずかに ...
- 1,4-Dimethyl-7-isopropylazulene is a medicine available in a number of countries worldwide. A list of US medications equivalent to 1,4-Dimethyl-7-isopropylazulene is available on the Drugs.com website.
★リンクテーブル★
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- 英
- dimethyl isopropylazulene
- 同
- グアイアズレン guaiazulene
- 商
- アズノール、ハスレン