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the thin serous membrane around the lungs and inner walls of the chest

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ろく膜,胸膜

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2014/12/24 13:39:55」(JST)

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The parietal pleura is the part of the pleura external to the visceral pleura. It lines the inner surface of the chest wall, covers the diaphragm, and is reflected over the structures occupying the middle of the thorax.

The parietal pleura is attached to the wall of the thoracic cavity and innervated by the intercostal nerves and phrenic nerve.

Structure

Parietal pleura lines the thoracic wall, covers the superior surface of the diaphragm and separates the pleural cavity from the mediastinum. The costal portion of the parietal pleura lines the inner aspect of the ribs and intervening intercostal muscles, being separated from them by endothoracic fascia. Different portions of the parietal pleura have received special names which indicate their position in the body. Denoted sections include:

The cervical pleura or (pleural cupula) which rises into the neck, over the apex of the lung.
The costal pleura which is the portion that lines the inner surfaces of the ribs and intercostales.
The diaphragmatic pleura which lines the convex surface of the diaphragm.
The mediastinal pleura that which is applied to other thoracic viscera.

Innervation

This part of the parietal pleura is innervated by the intercostal nerves. The diaphragmatic portion of the parietal pleura overlies the diaphragm and is innervated by the phrenic nerve in its central portion and by the intercostal nerves in its peripheral portion. The mediastinal portion of the parietal pleura forms the lateral wall of the mediastinum and is innervated by the phrenic nerve.

Development

The parietal pleura is derived from the somatic mesoderm, and is highly sensitive to pain.

Additional Images

Visceral and parietal pleura. Deep dissection. Anterior view.
Front view of thorax, showing the relations of the pleuræ and lungs to the chest wall. Pleura in blue; lungs in purple. |
Costal pleura labeled at upper right. |

References

This article incorporates text from a public domain edition of Gray's Anatomy.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Parietal pleura.

-1288372165 at GPnotebook
thoraxlesson2 at The Anatomy Lesson by Wesley Norman (Georgetown University)
Atlas image: lung_pleura at the University of Michigan Health System - "X-ray, chest, posteroanterior view"
Atlas image: lung_lymph at the University of Michigan Health System - "Transverse section through lung"
MedEd at Loyola Grossanatomy/thorax0/thor_lec/thor6.html
Diagram at kent.edu

UpToDate Contents

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English Journal

Penetrating Thoracic Injury.

Durso AM1, Caban K1, Munera F2.
Radiologic clinics of North America.Radiol Clin North Am.2015 Jul;53(4):675-693. doi: 10.1016/j.rcl.2015.02.010.
This article discusses the role of radiology in evaluating patients with penetrating injuries to the chest. Penetrating injuries to the chest encompass ballistic and nonballistic injuries and can involve superficial soft tissues of the chest wall, lungs and pleura, diaphragm, and mediastinum. The me
PMID 26046505

Fascicular Phrenic Nerve Neurotization for Restoring Physiological Motion in a Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia Reconstruction With a Reverse Innervated Latissimus Dorsi Muscle Flap.

Horta R1, Henriques-Coelho T, Costa J, Estevão-Costa J, Monteiro D, Dias M, Braga J, Silva A, Azevedo I, Amarante JM.
Annals of plastic surgery.Ann Plast Surg.2015 Jun 20. [Epub ahead of print]
Congenital diaphragmatic hernia is a severe developmental anomaly characterized by the malformation of the diaphragm. An innervated reversed latissimus dorsi flap reconstruction for recurrent congenital diaphragmatic hernia has been described as an alternative to prosthetic patch repair to achieve p
PMID 26101982

Basic lung ultrasound. Part 1. Normal lung ultrasound and diseases of the chest wall and the pleura.

de la Quintana Gordon FB1, Nacarino Alcorta B2.
Revista espanola de anestesiologia y reanimacion.Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim.2015 Jun-Jul;62(6):322-336. doi: 10.1016/j.redar.2015.02.003. Epub 2015 Apr 15.
Lung ultrasound has become part of the diagnostic armamentarium in Resuscitation and Recovery Units with an enormous potential due to its many advantages: capacity to diagnose more precisely than conventional radiology, earlier diagnosis, convenience due to being able to performed at the bedside, po
PMID 25890918

Japanese Journal

A Rare Case of Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor of the Diaphragmatic Parietal Pleura with Dissemination

Acta Medica Okayama 69(1), 65-68, 2015-02
NAID 120005549930

Pneumothorax Caused by Costal Exostosis

Annals of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 20(2), 161-164, 2014
NAID 130002583843

経横隔膜性肋間ヘルニアの1例

日本臨床外科学会雑誌 = The journal of the Japan Surgical Association 74(3), 663-667, 2013-03-25
NAID 10031171251

「横隔胸膜」

Parietal pleura
	A transverse section of the thorax, showing the contents of the middle and the posterior mediastinum. The pleural and pericardial cavities are exaggerated since normally there is no space between parietal and visceral pleura and between pericardium and heart.
Details
Latin	pleura parietalis
Nerve	intercostal nerves, phrenic nerves
Identifiers
Gray's	p.1087
Code	TH H3.05.03.0.00006
Dorlands; /Elsevier	p_24/12646791
TA	A07.1.02.005
FMA	FMA:9733
	Anatomical terminology