WordNet

the failure to develop some part or organ
forceful prevention; putting down by power or authority; "the suppression of heresy"; "the quelling of the rebellion"; "the stifling of all dissent" (同)crushing, quelling, stifling
the act of withholding or withdrawing some book or writing from publication or circulation; "a suppression of the newspaper" (同)curtailment
a corticosteroid drug (trade names Decadron or Dexamethasone Intensol or Dexone or Hexadrol or Oradexon) used to treat allergies or inflammation (同)Decadron, Dexamethasone Intensol, Dexone, Hexadrol, Oradexon

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(反乱などの)鎮圧;(感情・欲望などの)抑制;(活動の)制限;(発表の)禁止《+of+名》

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1. デキサメタゾン抑制試験 dexamethasone suppression tests
2. 移植候補患者における症候性多発性骨髄腫に対する初期化学療法 selection of initial chemotherapy for symptomatic multiple myeloma
3. 資源の乏しい状況での多発性骨髄腫のマネージメント management of multiple myeloma in resource poor settings
4. 小児における細菌性髄膜炎：神経学的合併症を予防するデキサメタゾンおよびその他の対策 bacterial meningitis in children dexamethasone and other measures to prevent neurologic complications
5. 再発性または難治性多発性骨髄腫の治療 treatment of relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma

English Journal

Is there a role for Nuclear Medicine in diagnosis and management of patients with primary aldosteronism?

Spyridonidis TJ1, Apostolopoulos DJ.Author information 1Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital of Patras, Rion, Patras, Greece. tspyr@med.upatras.grAbstractPrimary aldosteronism (PA) is the most common cause of secondary hypertension. The diagnosis of PA is of clinical importance for choosing the appropriate treatment, meaning, surgery for the unilateral disease, and inclusion of aldosterone antagonists in the antihypertensive treatment for the bilateral disease. Current diagnostic approaches showed that the prevalence of PA is much higher than previously estimated. There is still controversy regarding the true prevalence of PA in hypertensive patients. The gold standard for differentiating between unilateral and bilateral disease is the adrenal vein sampling (AVS), a method that is invasive and is performed accurately in only few dedicated centers. Non invasive methods (imaging) for discriminating the two entities are: the CT scan, MRI and iodocholesterol (NP-59) scintigraphy performed under dexamethasone suppression. But the accuracy of imaging compared to AVS is suboptimal and can result in wrong therapeutic decisions. NP-59 scintigraphy is a non-invasive functional imaging technique that reveals the adrenal cortical autonomic function and could have of incremental value over anatomical imaging. In conclusion, in previous years NP-59 scintigraphy was used infrequently, but recently with the advent of hybrid single photon emission tomography (SPET/CT) systems the interest in NP-59 scintigraphy has been renewed. Studies comparing NP-59 SPET/CT imaging with AVS are warranted in order to establish its diagnostic accuracy.
Hellenic journal of nuclear medicine.Hell J Nucl Med.2013 May-Aug;16(2):134-9.
Primary aldosteronism (PA) is the most common cause of secondary hypertension. The diagnosis of PA is of clinical importance for choosing the appropriate treatment, meaning, surgery for the unilateral disease, and inclusion of aldosterone antagonists in the antihypertensive treatment for the bilater
PMID 23865085

Proposed diagnostic criteria for subclinical Cushing's syndrome associated with adrenal incidentaloma.

Akehi Y1, Kawate H, Murase K, Nagaishi R, Nomiyama T, Nomura M, Takayanagi R, Yanase T.Author information 1Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes Mellitus, School of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan.AbstractSubclinical Cushing's syndrome (SCS) associated with adrenal incidentaloma is usually characterized by autonomous cortisol secretion without overt symptoms of Cushing's syndrome (CS). Although the diagnostic criteria for SCS differ among countries, the 1 mg dexamethasone suppression test (DST) is essential to confirm the presence and the extent of cortisol overproduction. Since 1995, SCS has been diagnosed in Japan based on serum cortisol levels ≥3 μg/dL (measured by radioimmunoassay [RIA]) after a 1 mg DST. However, the increasing use of enzyme immunoassays (EIA) instead of RIA has hindered the diagnosis of SCS because of the differing sensitivities of commercially available assays, particularly for serum cortisol levels of around 3 μg/dL. One way to overcome this problem is to lower the cortisol threshold level after a 1 mg DST. In the present study, we examined the clinical applicability of lowering the cortisol threshold to 1.8 μg/dL, similar to the American Endocrine Society's guidelines for CS, by reanalyzing 119 patients with adrenal incidentaloma. Our findings indicate that serum cortisol levels ≥1.8 μg/dL after 1 mg DST are useful to confirm the diagnosis of SCS if both of the following criteria are met: (1) basal ACTH level <10 pg/mL (or poor plasma ACTH response to corticotrophin-releasing hormone) and (2) serum cortisol ≥5 μg/dL at 21:00 to 23:00 h. If only one of (1) and (2) are met, we recommend that other clinical features are considered in the diagnosis of SCS, including serum dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate levels, urine free cortisol levels, adrenal scintigraphy, and clinical manifestation.
Endocrine journal.Endocr J.2013;60(7):903-12. Epub 2013 Apr 10.
Subclinical Cushing's syndrome (SCS) associated with adrenal incidentaloma is usually characterized by autonomous cortisol secretion without overt symptoms of Cushing's syndrome (CS). Although the diagnostic criteria for SCS differ among countries, the 1 mg dexamethasone suppression test (DST) is es
PMID 23574729

Association between the dexamethasone suppression test and serotonin transporter availability in healthy volunteer: a SPECT with [(123)I] ADAM study.

Tsai HY1, Lee IH, Yeh TL, Yao WJ, Chen KC, Chen PS, Chiu NT, Lu RB, Yang YK.Author information 1Department of Psychiatry, St. Martin De Porres Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan.AbstractMost common psychiatric diseases have been found to be associated with disturbance of both the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and the brain serotonergic system. The aim of this study was to explore the neuroendocrine relationships between the dexamethasone suppression test (DST) and serotonin transporter (SERT) availability in healthy volunteers. Sixty-six participants (30 males and 36 females) were recruited from the community. The DST suppression rate (D%) is the reduction in cortisol level from Day 1 (D1) to Day 2 (D2) in proportion to the Day 1 cortisol level (D%=(D1-D2)/D1×100%). SPECT with [(123)I] ADAM was used to measure SERT availability. A significant correlation between D% and SERT availability was noted in all subjects (Spearman's ρ=0.26, p=0.03) and in the male subjects (Spearman's ρ=0.41, p=0.02). SERT availability may be sensitive to changes in DST, especially in males.
European neuropsychopharmacology : the journal of the European College of Neuropsychopharmacology.Eur Neuropsychopharmacol.2012 Sep;22(9):641-6. doi: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2012.01.009. Epub 2012 Feb 21.
Most common psychiatric diseases have been found to be associated with disturbance of both the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and the brain serotonergic system. The aim of this study was to explore the neuroendocrine relationships between the dexamethasone suppression test (DST) and serot
PMID 22356823