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1. 避妊のための酢酸メドロキシプロゲステロンデポ剤 depot medroxyprogesterone acetate for contraception
2. 緩和ケア：疲労、脱力および無力症の概要 palliative care overview of fatigue weakness and asthenia
3. 資源の限られた状況における子宮頸癌のスクリーニング screening for cervical cancer in resource limited settings
4. βサラセミアの治療 treatment of beta thalassemia
5. 去勢抵抗性前立腺癌に対する二次内分泌療法 secondary endocrine therapies for castration resistant prostate cancer

English Journal

Topical steroid risk analysis: Differentiating between physiologic and pathologic adrenal suppression.

Levin E, Gupta R, Butler D, Chiang C, Koo JY.Author information Department of Dermatology, Psoriasis and Skin Treatment Center, University of California, San Francisco , San Francisco , California .AbstractAbstract Background: Topical corticosteroids are a mainstay of therapy for inflammatory skin disorders. Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis suppression is a potential systemic risk of topical steroid use. Our aim was to review available data on the risk of HPA axis suppression associated with long-term topical steroid use and to distinguish between pathologic and physiologic adrenal suppression. Methods: We performed a PubMed search for literature that evaluated the risk of HPA axis suppression associated with topical steroid use. Results: Fifteen of sixteen clinical trials reviewed did not report any pathologic adrenal suppression. In the single clinical trial that reported pathologic adrenal suppression, the patients used twice the maximum recommended amount of clobetasol propionate continuously for as long as 18 months. Physiologic adrenal suppression was seen as early as 1-2 weeks after treatment with class I-IV topical corticosteroids. In about half of these patients, cortisol levels spontaneously returned to normal within a few weeks, despite continuous therapy. Conclusion: Even when adrenal suppression occurs, topical corticosteroids are unlikely to be associated with clinical signs or symptoms of HPA axis suppression and are extremely safe as long as they are used within the current safety guidelines.
The Journal of dermatological treatment.J Dermatolog Treat.2014 Dec;25(6):501-6. doi: 10.3109/09546634.2013.844314. Epub 2013 Oct 30.
Abstract Background: Topical corticosteroids are a mainstay of therapy for inflammatory skin disorders. Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis suppression is a potential systemic risk of topical steroid use. Our aim was to review available data on the risk of HPA axis suppression associated with
PMID 24171390

Iatrogenic Cushing's syndrome and topical steroid therapy: case series and review of the literature.

Decani S, Federighi V, Baruzzi E, Sardella A, Lodi G.Author information Dipartimento di scienze biomediche, chirurgiche e odontoiatriche, Università degli Studi di Milano , Milano , Italy.AbstractTopical corticosteroids are considered first-line therapy in patients with chronic inflammatory oral mucosal diseases; among them, clobetasol propionate is one of the most widely used in oral medicine. Under physiological conditions, the transmucosal application is characterized by a significantly greater absorption than the skin application. Contrary to many publications about the side effects of topical corticosteroids in dermatology, few studies have investigated the systemic effects due to local application of these drugs on oral mucosa. Although topical steroid therapy for the management of oral diseases is generally associated with local adverse effects (candidiasis, stomatopyrosis, and hypogeusia), these drugs can also lead to systemic side effects, such as suppression of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and Cushing's syndrome. This review reports five cases of systemic adverse effects caused by clobetasol propionate topical treatment.
The Journal of dermatological treatment.J Dermatolog Treat.2014 Dec;25(6):495-500. doi: 10.3109/09546634.2012.755252. Epub 2013 Feb 3.
Topical corticosteroids are considered first-line therapy in patients with chronic inflammatory oral mucosal diseases; among them, clobetasol propionate is one of the most widely used in oral medicine. Under physiological conditions, the transmucosal application is characterized by a significantly g
PMID 23210698

Influence of the type of vegetable oil on the drug release profile from lipid-core nanocapsules and in vivo genotoxicity study.

Rigo LA, Frescura V, Fiel L, Coradini K, Ourique AF, Emanuelli T, Quatrin A, Tedesco S, Silva CB, Guterres SS, Pohlmann AR, Beck RC.Author information Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria , Santa Maria , Brazil .AbstractAbstract The use of rice bran (RB), soybean (SB) or sunflower seed (SF) oils to prepare lipid-core nanocapsules (LNCs) as controlled drug delivery systems was investigated. LNCs were prepared by interfacial deposition using the preformed polymer method. All formulations showed negative zeta potential and adequate nanotechnological characteristics (particle size 220-230 nm, polydispersity index < 0.20). The environmental safety was evaluated through an in vivo protocol (Allium cepa test) and LNCs containing RB, SB or SF oils did not present genotoxic potential. Clobetasol propionate (CP) was selected as a model drug to evaluate the influence of the type of vegetable oil on the control of the drug release from LNCs. Biphasic drug release profiles were observed for all formulations. After 168 h, the concentration of drug released from the formulation containing SF oil was lower (0.36 mg/mL) than from formulations containing SB (0.40 mg/mL) or RB oil (0.45 mg/mL). Good correlations between the consistency indices for the LNC cores and the burst and sustained drug release rate constants were obtained. Therefore, the type of the vegetal oil was shown as an important factor governing the control of drug release from LNCs.
Pharmaceutical development and technology.Pharm Dev Technol.2014 Nov;19(7):789-98. doi: 10.3109/10837450.2013.829097. Epub 2013 Aug 27.
Abstract The use of rice bran (RB), soybean (SB) or sunflower seed (SF) oils to prepare lipid-core nanocapsules (LNCs) as controlled drug delivery systems was investigated. LNCs were prepared by interfacial deposition using the preformed polymer method. All formulations showed negative zeta potentia
PMID 23978050

Japanese Journal

小児湿疹・皮膚炎群に対するエクラー軟膏の有効性および安全性の検討

西川武二,原田敬之,和泉達也,杉俊之,繁益弘志,宮川俊一,田中勝,稲本伸子,新関寛徳,菅原信,寺本宏国,山嵜雄一郎,小林孝志,桜岡浩一,河原由恵,杉浦丹,佐々木裕子,原田玲子,中山秀夫,櫻井美佐,木花いづみ
皮膚 35(6), 743-754, 1993
プロピオン酸デプロドンを0.3%含有するエクラー<SUP>®</SUP> 軟膏の有効性, 安全性 (クリームを含む), 有用性を市販後臨床調査により確認した。湿潤型湿疹・皮膚炎群 (軟膏36例, クリーム4例) および苔癬化型湿疹・皮膚炎群 (軟膏13例, クリーム3例) の小児患児56例が対象となった.<BR>その結果, 湿潤型および苔癬化型湿疹・皮膚炎群の合 …
NAID 130004045570