WordNet

remove the cerebrum from (a human body)

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2017/06/06 01:19:28」(JST)

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Decerebration is the elimination of cerebral brain function in an animal by removing the cerebrum, cutting across the brain stem, or severing certain arteries in the brain stem.

Decerebration describes the ligation along the neural axis in distinct parts of the brain in experimental animals. Generally lower decerebration (the cut is made above the upper border of the pons), middle decerebration (cut is made through the red nucleus) and upper decerebration (cut is made so the cortical area is removed). As a result, the animal abolishes certain reflexes which are integrated in different parts of the brain. Furthermore, the reflexes which are functional will be hyperreactive (and therefore very accentuated) due to the removal of inhibiting higher brain centers (e.g. the facilitatory area of the reticular formation will not receive regulating input from cerebellum, basal ganglia and the cortex).

Lower decerebration results in a "Bulbospinal" animal: Reflexes which are integrated within the spinal cord and medulla oblongata are functional, reflexes integrated in midbrain and cortex are absent.

The most obvious accentuation is seen in the tonic labyrinthine reflexes, the otolithic organs mediates input about the gravitational force exerted on the body and the labyrinthine reflex acts on the extensor muscles in order to resist this gravitational force. In an animal where the cortical areas or the midbrain have been "cut off" from the neural axis, this reflex is hyperactive and the animal will maximally extend all four limbs. This phenomenon is known as decerebrate rigidity. In humans true decerebrate rigidty is rare since the damage to the brain centers it might be caused by usually are lethal. However decorticate rigidity can be caused by bleeding in the internal capsule which causes damage to upper motor neurons. The symptoms of decorticate rigidity are flexion in the upper limbs and extension in the lower limbs.

References

Lange "Review of Medical Physiology", 22nd edition, pp. 202,ff
Guyton and Hall "Textbook of Medical Physiology" 12th Edition.

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English Journal

Functional roles of TRPV1 and TRPV4 in control of lower urinary tract activity: dual analysis of behavior and reflex during the micturition cycle.

Yoshiyama M1, Mochizuki T2, Nakagomi H2, Miyamoto T2, Kira S2, Mizumachi R3, Sokabe T4, Takayama Y5, Tominaga M4, Takeda M2.
American journal of physiology. Renal physiology.Am J Physiol Renal Physiol.2015 May 15;308(10):F1128-34. doi: 10.1152/ajprenal.00016.2015. Epub 2015 Mar 11.
The present study used a dual analysis of voiding behavior and reflex micturition to examine lower urinary tract function in transient receptor potential vanilloid (TRPV)1 knockout (KO) mice and TRPV4 KO mice. In metabolic cage experiments conducted under conscious conditions (i.e., voluntary voidin
PMID 25761879

Hindlimb movement modulates the activity of rostral fastigial nucleus neurons that process vestibular input.

McCall AA1, Miller DJ, Catanzaro MF, Cotter LA, Yates BJ.
Experimental brain research.Exp Brain Res.2015 May 15. [Epub ahead of print]
Integration of vestibular and proprioceptive afferent information within the central nervous system is a critical component of postural regulation. We recently demonstrated that labyrinthine and hindlimb signals converge onto vestibular nucleus neurons, such that hindlimb movement modulates the acti
PMID 25976518

Extensor motoneurone properties are altered immediately before and during fictive locomotion in the adult decerebrate rat.

MacDonell CW1, Power KE1, Chopek JW1, Gardiner KR1, Gardiner PF1,2.
The Journal of physiology.J Physiol.2015 May 15;593(10):2327-42. doi: 10.1113/JP270239. Epub 2015 Apr 17.
KEY POINTS: This is the first report, in adult decerebrate rats, to examine intracellular hindlimb motoneurone properties during quiescence, fictive locomotion and a tonic period immediately before fictive locomotion that is characterized by increased peripheral nerve activity. It is shown for the f
PMID 25809835

Japanese Journal

Differential contribution of aortic and carotid sinus baroreflexes to control of heart rate and renal sympathetic nerve activity

Ishii Kei,Idesako Mitsuhiro,Matsukawa Kanji
The journal of physiological sciences 65(5), 471-481, 2015-09
NAID 40020576573

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NAID 130004543300

Central command : Feedforward control of the sympathoadrenal system during exercise

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The journal of physical fitness and sports medicine : JPFSM 1(4), 573-577, 2012-11-25
… To reveal central control of cardiac autonomic outflows, a series of experiments have been conducted in our laboratory using conscious or decerebrate animals. …
NAID 10031158992