- 関
- cytolysis、cytolytically
WordNet
- of or relating to cytolysis, the dissolution or destruction of a cell
- pathological breakdown of cells by the destruction of their outer membrane
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』「2016/01/25 07:03:11」(JST)
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This article relies largely or entirely upon a single source. Relevant discussion may be found on the talk page. Please help improve this article by introducing citations to additional sources. (June 2008) |
Blood cells in solutions with different osmotic pressure. Cytolysis would result in the image on the far right.
Micrographs of osmotic pressure on red blood cells
A human white blood cell (upper right) in water swells until it bursts (at ~13 seconds)
Cytolysis, or osmotic lysis, occurs when a cell bursts due to an osmotic imbalance that has caused excess water to move into the cell. It occurs in a hypotonic environment, where water moves into the cell by osmosis and causes its volume to increase to the point where the volume exceeds the membrane's capacity and the cell bursts. The presence of a cell wall prevents the membrane from bursting, so cytolysis only occurs in animal and protozoa cells which do not have cell walls.
Contents
- 1 In mammals
- 2 In bacteria
- 3 Prevention
- 4 See also
- 5 References
In mammals
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Osmotic lysis is often one result of a stroke, because of improper nutrient perfusion and waste removal alter cell metabolism. Such malfunction results in an inflow of extracellular fluid into the cells.
In bacteria
Osmotic lysis would be expected to occur when bacterial cells are treated with a hypotonic solution with added lysozyme, which destroys the bacteria's cell walls.
Prevention
Different cells and organisms have adapted different ways of preventing cytolysis from occurring. For example, the paramecium uses a contractile vacuole, which rapidly pumps out excessive water to prevent the build-up of water and the otherwise subsequent lysis.[1] Additionally, these protists have cell membranes which are less permeable to water than some other species.[1]
Other organisms pump solutes out of their cytosol, which brings the solute concentration closer to that of their environment and slows down the process of water's diffusion into the cell, preventing cytolysis. If the cell can pump out enough solutes so that an isotonic environment can be achieved, there will be no net movement of water.
See also
- Cell disruption
- Lysis
- Osmotic pressure
- Plasmolysis
- Crenation
- Water intoxication
References
- ^ a b Campbell, Neil A.; Reece, Jane B.; Urry, Lisa A.; Cain, Michael L.; Wasserman, Steven A.; Minorsky, Peter V.; Jackson, Robert B. (2009). Biology (9th ed.). p. 134. ISBN 9780321558237.
- McClendon, Jesse Francis (1917). Physical Chemistry of Vital Phenomena:. Original from the University of California: Princeton University Press. p. 240 pages.
UpToDate Contents
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English Journal
- A novel fully-human cytolytic fusion protein based on granzyme B shows in vitro cytotoxicity and ex vivo binding to solid tumors overexpressing the epidermal growth factor receptor.
- Niesen J1, Hehmann-Titt G2, Woitok M3, Fendel R4, Barth S4, Fischer R3, Stein C5.
- Cancer letters.Cancer Lett.2016 May 1;374(2):229-40. doi: 10.1016/j.canlet.2016.02.020. Epub 2016 Feb 18.
- Human cytolytic fusion proteins (hCFPs) offer a promising immunotherapeutic approach for the treatment of solid tumors, avoiding the immunogenicity and undesirable side-effects caused by immunotoxins derived from plants or bacteria. The well-characterized human serine protease granzyme B has already
- PMID 26912070
- Biophysical stability of hyFc fusion protein with regards to buffers and various excipients.
- Lim JY1, Kim NA1, Lim DG1, Eun CY2, Choi D2, Jeong SH3.
- International journal of biological macromolecules.Int J Biol Macromol.2016 May;86:622-9. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.02.006. Epub 2016 Feb 3.
- A novel non-cytolytic hybrid Fc (hyFc) with an intact Ig structure without any mutation in the hyFc region, was developed to construct a long-acting agonistic protein. The stability of interleukin-7 (IL-7) fused with the hyFc (GXN-04) was evaluated to develop early formulations. Various biophysical
- PMID 26851357
- The Mycobacterium bovis BCG prime-Rv0577 DNA boost vaccination induces a durable Th1 immune response in mice.
- Gu D1, Chen W1, Mi Y1, Gong X1, Luo T1, Bao L2.
- Acta biochimica et biophysica Sinica.Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai).2016 Apr;48(4):385-90. doi: 10.1093/abbs/gmw010. Epub 2016 Feb 27.
- Tuberculosis remains a major global health problem and effective vaccines are urgently needed. In this study, we used the combined DNA- and protein-based vaccines of immunodominant antigen Rv0577 to boost BCG and evaluated their immunogenicity in BALB/c mice. Our data suggest that the booster vaccin
- PMID 26922320
Japanese Journal
- 田中 淳司
- 東京女子医科大学雑誌 84(3), 87-93, 2014-04-25
- 白血病をはじめとする造血器腫瘍に対して同種造血幹細胞移植はその治癒を目指した最も有効な治療法である。しかし同種造血幹細胞移植の際の骨髄破壊的前処置は重篤な合併症を誘発する可能性がある。このため骨髄非破壊的前処置による同種造血幹細胞移植(いわゆるミニ移植)が開発され、その適応年齢が70歳位までに拡大されるようになった。このようにして造血器腫瘍は同種造血幹細胞移植によって治癒可能になってきた。また同種 …
- NAID 110009803926
- Combined Cytolytic Effects of a Vaccinia Virus Encoding a Single Chain Trimer of MHC-I with a Tax-Epitope and Tax-Specific CTLs on HTLV-I-Infected Cells in a Rat Model
- Ohashi Takashi,Nakamura Takafumi,Kidokoro Minoru,Zhang Xianfeng,Shida Hisatoshi
- Biomed Research International 2014, 902478, 2014
- … Our results demonstrated that m8 Delta was able to replicate in and lyse tumorigenic FPM1 cells but was incompetent to injure 4O1/C8 cells, suggesting the preferential cytolytic activity toward tumor cells. …
- NAID 120005434503
Related Links
- cy·tol·y·sis (sī-tŏl′ĭ-sĭs) n. The dissolution or destruction of a cell. cy′to·lyt′ic (sī′tə-lĭt′ĭk) adj. Thesaurus Antonyms Related Words Synonyms Legend: Switch to new thesaurus Adj. 1. cytolytic - of or relating to cytolysis, the ...
- vulnificus produce multiple toxins including collagenase and cytolytic and proteolytic substances containing mucinase, protease, lipase, deoxyribonuclease, chondroitin sulfate, and hyaluronidase, which are associated with extensive ...
Related Pictures
★リンクテーブル★
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- cytolysis、cytolytic
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- 細胞溶解性、細胞溶解的
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-cytolysis
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- cytolytic、cytolytically
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- 細胞溶解、細胞溶解性
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- cytolytic
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- 細胞溶解、細胞溶解的
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- cytolytic
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