WordNet

a mass of fungal tissue that has spore-bearing structures embedded in it or on it
the dense colorless framework of a chloroplast
the supporting tissue of an organ (as opposed to parenchyma)
the transparent dome-shaped anterior portion of the outer covering of the eye; it covers the iris and pupil and is continuous with the sclera
of or related to the cornea

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(眼球の)角膜
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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2016/01/06 13:43:16」(JST)

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The substantia propria (or stroma of cornea) is fibrous, tough, unyielding, and perfectly transparent.

It is composed of about 200 flattened lamellæ (plates of collagen fibrils), superimposed one on another.^[1] They are each about 1.5-2.5 micrometres in thickness. These fibrils run at different angles between the limbi. Fibres of the layers frequently interweave, the anterior lamellæ interweaving more than posterior lamellæ. The fibres of each lamella are parallel with one another, but at right angles to those of adjacent lamellæ. The lamellæ are produced by keratocytes (corneal corpuscles), which occupy about 10% of the substantia propria.

These lamellæ are made up of bundles of modified connective tissue, the fibres of which are directly continuous with those of the sclera. More collagen fibres run in a temporal-nasal direction than run in the superior-inferior direction.

During development of the embryo, the corneal stroma is derived from the neural crest (a source of mesenchyme in the head and neck^[2]) which has been shown to contain mesenchymal stem cells.^[3]

Disorders of stroma

Keratoconus is a condition caused by disorganised lamellæ, leading to thinned and conical-shaped cornea.
Macular corneal dystrophy, associated with the loss of keratan sulfate

References

^ Oyster, CW (1999). "8". The human eye: structure and function. Sinauer. OL 8562710W.
^ Hoar RM (Apr 1982). "Embryology of the eye". Environ Health Perspect. 44: 31–34. doi:10.1289/ehp.824431. PMC 1568953. PMID 7084153.
^ Branch MJ, Hashmani K, Dhillon P, Jones DR, Dua HS, Hopkinson A (Aug 3, 2012). "Mesenchymal stem cells in the human corneal limbal stroma". Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 53 (9): 5109–16. doi:10.1167/iovs.11-8673. PMID 22736610.

External links

Diagram at pacificu.edu

UpToDate Contents

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1. 円錐角膜 keratoconus

English Journal

Low-glucose enhances keratocyte-characteristic phenotype from corneal stromal cells in serum-free conditions.

Foster JW1, Gouveia RM2, Connon CJ2.
Scientific reports.Sci Rep.2015 Jun 3;5:10839. doi: 10.1038/srep10839.
The avascular cornea is a uniquely-isolated organ, with its stroma constituting a nutrient-poor environment. Consequently, the availability of metabolites such as glucose to corneal stromal cells is considerably reduced compared with other tissues, or indeed with media commonly used to culture these
PMID 26039975

Modifications in stromal extracellular matrix of aged corneas can be induced by ultraviolet A irradiation.

Gendron SP1, Rochette PJ.
Aging cell.Aging Cell.2015 Jun;14(3):433-42. doi: 10.1111/acel.12324. Epub 2015 Feb 25.
With age, structural and functional changes can be observed in human cornea. Some studies have shown a loss of corneal transparency and an increase in turbidity associated with aging. These changes are caused by modifications in the composition and arrangement of extracellular matrix in the corneal
PMID 25728164

Japanese Journal

Multimodal and multiplex spectral imaging of rat cornea ex vivo using a white-light laser source

Journal of Biophotonics 8(9), 705-713, 2015-09
NAID 120005663459

Histopathological evaluation of the ocular-irritation potential of shampoos, make-up removers and cleansing foams in the bovine corneal opacity and permeability assay

Journal of Toxicologic Pathology 28(4), 243-248, 2015
NAID 130005102945

Methicillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> ulcerative keratitis in a Thoroughbred racehorse

Journal of Equine Science 26(3), 95-98, 2015
NAID 130005101258

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リンク元	「stromal」「角膜固有質」「角膜実質」
関連記事	「stroma」「corneal」

「stromal」

Stroma of cornea
	Vertical section of human cornea from near the margin. (Waldeyer.) Magnified.; 1. Epithelium.; 2. Anterior elastic lamina.; 3. substantia propria.; 4. Posterior elastic lamina.; 5. Endothelium of the anterior chamber.; a. Oblique fibers in the anterior layer of the substantia propria.; b. Lamellæ the fibers of which are cut across, producing a dotted appearance.; c. Corneal corpuscles appearing fusiform in section.; d. Lamellæ the fibers of which are cut longitudinally.; e. Transition to the sclera, with more distinct fibrillation, and surmounted by a thicker epithelium.; f. Small blood vessels cut across near the margin of the cornea.
Details
Latin	substantia propria sclerae
Identifiers
Gray's	p.1007
Dorlands; /Elsevier	s_27/12766936
TA	A15.2.02.009
FMA	58365
	Anatomical terminology