conjugase

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gamma-glutamyl hydrolase

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2014/10/02 12:58:00」(JST)

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Gamma-glutamyl hydrolase
Identifiers
EC number	3.4.19.9
CAS number	9074-87-7
Databases
IntEnz	IntEnz view
BRENDA	BRENDA entry
ExPASy	NiceZyme view
KEGG	KEGG entry
MetaCyc	metabolic pathway
PRIAM	profile
PDB structures	RCSB PDB PDBe PDBsum
Search PMC articles PubMed articles NCBI proteins

Gamma-glutamyl hydrolase (conjugase, folylpolygammaglutamyl hydrolase)
PDB rendering based on 1l9x.
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe, RCSB List of PDB id codes 1L9X
Identifiers
Symbols	GGH ; GH
External IDs	OMIM: 601509 MGI: 1329035 HomoloGene: 2881 ChEMBL: 2223 GeneCards: GGH Gene
EC number	3.4.19.9
Gene ontology Molecular function • exopeptidase activity • omega peptidase activity • gamma-glutamyl-peptidase activity Cellular component • extracellular space • nucleus • lysosome • cytosol • melanosome • extracellular vesicular exosome Biological process • proteolysis • glutamine metabolic process • response to zinc ion • response to insulin • response to drug • response to ethanol Sources: Amigo / QuickGO
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	8836	14590
Ensembl	ENSG00000137563	ENSMUSG00000073987
UniProt	Q92820	Q9Z0L8
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_003878	NM_010281
RefSeq (protein)	NP_003869	NP_034411
Location (UCSC)	Chr 8: 63.93 – 63.95 Mb	Chr 4: 20.04 – 20.07 Mb
PubMed search	[1]	[2]

Gamma-glutamyl hydrolase is an enzyme that catalyses the following chemical reaction:

Hydrolysis of a gamma-glutamyl bond

This lysosomal or secreted, thiol-dependent peptidase, most active at acidic pH.

In humans, gamma-glutamyl hydrolase is encoded by the GGH gene. This gene catalyzes the hydrolysis of folylpoly-gamma-glutamates and antifolylpoly-gamma-glutamates by the removal of gamma-linked polyglutamates and glutamate.

Nomenclature

Gamma-glutamyl hydrolase is also known as conjugase, folate conjugase, lysosomal gamma-glutamyl carboxypeptidase, gamma-Glu-X carboxypeptidase, pteroyl-poly-gamma-glutamate hydrolase, carboxypeptidase G, folic acid conjugase, poly(gamma-glutamic acid) endohydrolase, polyglutamate hydrolase, poly(glutamic acid) hydrolase II, pteroylpoly-gamma-glutamyl hydrolase.

Interactive pathway map

Click on genes, proteins and metabolites below to link to respective articles.

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Fluorouracil (5-FU) Activity edit

References

Further reading

• Galivan J, Ryan T, Rhee M, et al. (1999). "Glutamyl hydrolase: properties and pharmacologic impact". Semin. Oncol. 26 (2 Suppl 6): 33–7. PMID 10598552. 
• O'Connor BM, Rotundo RF, Nimec Z, et al. (1991). "Secretion of gamma-glutamyl hydrolase in vitro". Cancer Res. 51 (15): 3874–81. PMID 1713122. 
• Chandler CJ, Wang TT, Halsted CH (1986). "Pteroylpolyglutamate hydrolase from human jejunal brush borders. Purification and characterization". J. Biol. Chem. 261 (2): 928–33. PMID 2867095. 
• Wang TT, Chandler CJ, Halsted CH (1986). "Intracellular pteroylpolyglutamate hydrolase from human jejunal mucosa. Isolation and characterization". J. Biol. Chem. 261 (29): 13551–5. PMID 3759978. 
• Yao R, Nimec Z, Ryan TJ, Galivan J (1996). "Identification, cloning, and sequencing of a cDNA coding for rat gamma-glutamyl hydrolase". J. Biol. Chem. 271 (15): 8525–8. doi:10.1074/jbc.271.15.8525. PMID 8621474. 
• Rhee MS, Lindau-Shepard B, Chave KJ, et al. (1998). "Characterization of human cellular gamma-glutamyl hydrolase". Mol. Pharmacol. 53 (6): 1040–6. PMID 9614206. 
• Li H, Ryan TJ, Chave KJ, Van Roey P (2002). "Three-dimensional structure of human gamma -glutamyl hydrolase. A class I glatamine amidotransferase adapted for a complex substate". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (27): 24522–9. doi:10.1074/jbc.M202020200. PMID 11953431. 
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932. 
• Basrur V, Yang F, Kushimoto T, et al. (2003). "Proteomic analysis of early melanosomes: identification of novel melanosomal proteins". J. Proteome Res. 2 (1): 69–79. doi:10.1021/pr025562r. PMID 12643545. 
• Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, et al. (2004). "The Status, Quality, and Expansion of the NIH Full-Length cDNA Project: The Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)". Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2121–7. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMC 528928. PMID 15489334. 
• He P, Varticovski L, Bowman ED, et al. (2004). "Identification of carboxypeptidase E and gamma-glutamyl hydrolase as biomarkers for pulmonary neuroendocrine tumors by cDNA microarray". Hum. Pathol. 35 (10): 1196–209. doi:10.1016/j.humpath.2004.06.014. PMID 15492986. 
• Rual JF, Venkatesan K, Hao T, et al. (2005). "Towards a proteome-scale map of the human protein-protein interaction network". Nature 437 (7062): 1173–8. doi:10.1038/nature04209. PMID 16189514. 
• Eisele LE, Chave KJ, Lehning AC, Ryan TJ (2006). "Characterization of Human gamma-glutamyl hydrolase in solution demonstrates that the enzyme is a non-dissociating homodimer". Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1764 (9): 1479–86. doi:10.1016/j.bbapap.2006.06.008. PMID 16945597. 
• Chi A, Valencia JC, Hu ZZ, et al. (2007). "Proteomic and bioinformatic characterization of the biogenesis and function of melanosomes". J. Proteome Res. 5 (11): 3135–44. doi:10.1021/pr060363j. PMID 17081065. 
• Hayashi H, Fujimaki C, Inoue K, et al. (2007). "Genetic polymorphism of C452T (T127I) in human gamma-glutamyl hydrolase in a Japanese population". Biol. Pharm. Bull. 30 (4): 839–41. doi:10.1248/bpb.30.839. PMID 17409534. 

External links

• Gamma-glutamyl hydrolase at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)

English Journal

• γ-Glutamyl hydrolase modulation and folate influence chemosensitivity of cancer cells to 5-fluorouracil and methotrexate.

• Kim SE, Cole PD, Cho RC, Ly A, Ishiguro L, Sohn KJ, Croxford R, Kamen BA, Kim YI.Source1] Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 1A8 [2] Keenan Research Center, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute at St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5B 1W8.
• British journal of cancer.Br J Cancer.2013 Oct 15;109(8):2175-88. doi: 10.1038/bjc.2013.579. Epub 2013 Sep 17.
• Background:γ-Glutamyl hydrolase (GGH) regulates intracellular folate and antifolates for optimal nucleotide biosynthesis and antifolate-induced cytotoxicity, respectively. The modulation of GGH may therefore affect chemosensitivity of cancer cells, and exogenous folate levels may further modify thi
• PMID 24045662

• NITROGEN LIMITATION ADAPTATION, a Target of MicroRNA827, Mediates Degradation of Plasma Membrane-Localized Phosphate Transporters to Maintain Phosphate Homeostasis in Arabidopsis.

• Lin WY, Huang TK, Chiou TJ.SourceAgricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan.
• The Plant cell.Plant Cell.2013 Oct 11. [Epub ahead of print]
• Members of the Arabidopsis thaliana PHOSPHATE TRANSPORTER1 (PHT1) family are key players in acquisition of Pi from the rhizosphere, and their regulation is indispensable for the maintenance of cellular Pi homeostasis. Here, we reveal posttranslational regulation of Pi transport through modulation of
• PMID 24122828

• Structural Insights into the Hydrolysis and Polymorphism of Methotrexate Polyglutamate by Zebrafish γ-Glutamyl Hydrolase.

• Chuankhayan P, Kao TT, Lin CC, Guan HH, Nakagawa A, Fu TF, Chen CJ.SourceLife Science Group, Scientific Research Division, National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center , Hsinchu 30076, Taiwan.
• Journal of medicinal chemistry.J Med Chem.2013 Oct 10;56(19):7625-35. doi: 10.1021/jm401013e. Epub 2013 Sep 27.
• γ-Glutamyl hydrolases (γGH) catalyze the hydrolysis of γ-linked glutamate residues from the polyglutamyl of folates and antifolates, such as methotrexate (MTX), a widely used anticancer drug. We describe the first crystal structures of the endopeptidase-type γGH (zγGH) from zebrafish and the mu
• PMID 24028568

Japanese Journal

• Hepatic and intestinal cytochrome P450 and conjugase activities in rats treated with black tea theafulvins and theaflavins

• CATTERALL F.
• Food Chem. Toxicol. 41, 1141-1147, 2003
• NAID 30007669728

• Molecular analysis of a bifunctional fatty acid conjugase/desaturase from tung. Implications for the evolution of plant fatty acid diversity

• DYER JM
• Plant Physiol 130, 2027-2038, 2002
• NAID 80015762069

Related Links

• Conjugase | definition of conjugase by Medical dictionary

Looking for online definition of conjugase in the Medical Dictionary? conjugase explanation free. What is conjugase? Meaning of conjugase medical term. What does conjugase mean? Conjugase | definition of conjugase by Medical ...

• Conjugase | Article about conjugase by The Free Dictionary

conjugase [′kän·jə‚gās] (biochemistry) Any of a group of enzymes which catalyze the breakdown of pteroylglutamic acid. ... Disclaimer All content on this website, including dictionary, thesaurus, literature, geography, and other ...

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リンク元	「コンジュガーゼ」「gamma-glutamyl hydrolase」

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conjugase

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γグルタミルヒドロラーゼ

「gamma-glutamyl hydrolase」

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γグルタミルヒドロラーゼ

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conjugase