WordNet

being long-lasting and recurrent or characterized by long suffering; "chronic indigestion"; "a chronic shortage of funds"; "a chronic invalid"
of long duration; "chronic money problems" (同)continuing
habitual; "a chronic smoker" (同)inveterate
of or relating to lymphocytes; "lymphocytic leukemia"
inflammation of the uterine cervix

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(病気が)長期にわたる,慢性の / 《名詞の前にのみ用いて》常習の,癖になった

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1. 急性子宮頚管炎 acute cervicitis
2. 男性および女性におけるマイコプラズマ・ゲニタリウム感染 mycoplasma genitalium infection in men and women
3. ヒトTリンパ球好性ウイルスI型：ウイルス学、病因、および疫学 human t lymphotropic virus type i virology pathogenesis and epidemiology
4. 小児における最新情報 whats new in pediatrics
5. 癌免疫療法の原則 principles of cancer immunotherapy

English Journal

Differential diagnostic features of small cell carcinoma in the uterine cervix.

Kim MJ1, Kim NR, Cho HY, Lee SP, Ha SY.Author information 1Department of Pathology, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea.AbstractSmall cell carcinoma (SMCC) of the uterine cervix is rare and known to be an aggressive tumor, but there are only few reports on the cytologic features of cervical SMCC. This rare small cell lesion should be distinguished from malignant lymphoma (ML), squamous cell carcinoma in situ (SCIS), and chronic lymphocytic cervicitis (CLC). By clarifying cytologic features and reevaluating the significance of cervical cytologic smears to reveal these cervical lesions, we can improve the diagnostic specificity and patient's outcome. The clinical record and available cervical smears from 13 cases of SMCC, four cases of malignant lymphoma, 20 cases of SCIS, and five cases of CLC were analyzed. The cytologic differential diagnostic points of SMCC were nuclear molding and smearing (100%), salt and pepper chromatin (100%), exudative and necrotic background (91.7%), various architectures including individual cells (83.3%), tight clusters (75%) and feathering and strip (50%), and inconspicuous nucleoli (75%). Early diagnosis of the cervical SMCC by cytology and treatment is important for better outcome of patients.
Diagnostic cytopathology.Diagn Cytopathol.2008 Sep;36(9):618-23. doi: 10.1002/dc.20875.
Small cell carcinoma (SMCC) of the uterine cervix is rare and known to be an aggressive tumor, but there are only few reports on the cytologic features of cervical SMCC. This rare small cell lesion should be distinguished from malignant lymphoma (ML), squamous cell carcinoma in situ (SCIS), and chro
PMID 18677758

Impact of mucosal inflammation on cervical human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1)-specific CD8 T-cell responses in the female genital tract during chronic HIV infection.

Gumbi PP1, Nkwanyana NN, Bere A, Burgers WA, Gray CM, Williamson AL, Hoffman M, Coetzee D, Denny L, Passmore JA.Author information 1Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Observatory, Cape Town, South Africa.AbstractThe female genital tract is the major route of heterosexual human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) acquisition and transmission. Here, we investigated whether HIV-specific CD8 T-cell-mediated immune responses could be detected in the genital mucosa of chronically HIV-infected women and whether these were associated with either local mucosal HIV shedding or local immune factors. We found that CD8(+) T-cell gamma interferon responses to Gag were detectable at the cervix of HIV-infected women but that the magnitude of genital responses did not correlate with those similarly detected in blood. This indicates that ex vivo HIV responses in one compartment may not be predictive of those in the other. We found that increased genital tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) levels correlated significantly with levels of Gag-specific CD8(+) T cells at the cervix. Women who were detectably shedding virus in the genital tract had significantly increased cervical levels of TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, IL-6, and IL-8 compared to women who were not detectably shedding virus. We were, however, unable to detect any association between the magnitude of cervical HIV-specific responses and mucosal HIV shedding. Our results support the hypothesis that proinflammatory cytokines in the female genital tract may promote HIV replication and shedding. In addition, we further show that inflammatory cytokines are associated with increased levels of HIV-specific CD8 effector cells at the genital mucosa but that these were not able to control genital HIV shedding.
Journal of virology.J Virol.2008 Sep;82(17):8529-36. doi: 10.1128/JVI.00183-08. Epub 2008 Jun 18.
The female genital tract is the major route of heterosexual human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) acquisition and transmission. Here, we investigated whether HIV-specific CD8 T-cell-mediated immune responses could be detected in the genital mucosa of chronically HIV-infected women and whether these wer
PMID 18562528

[Correlation of CXCR4/CXCL12 overexpression to lymph node metastasis and chronic inflammation in cervical adenocarcinoma].

Wei M1, Liang LZ, Zhang CQ, Xiong Y, Zhang Y, Shen Y, Li JQ.Author information 1State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China.AbstractBACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: CXCL12 is a kind of chemokine. CXCR4, the specific receptor of CXCL12, is involved in metastasis of tumors. CXCR4/CXCL12 expression in cervical adenocarcinoma has seldom been reported. This study was to investigate the correlation of CXCR4/CXCL12 overexpression to lymph node metastasis and chronic inflammation in cervical adenocarcinoma.
Ai zheng = Aizheng = Chinese journal of cancer.Ai Zheng.2007 Mar;26(3):298-302.
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: CXCL12 is a kind of chemokine. CXCR4, the specific receptor of CXCL12, is involved in metastasis of tumors. CXCR4/CXCL12 expression in cervical adenocarcinoma has seldom been reported. This study was to investigate the correlation of CXCR4/CXCL12 overexpression to lymph n
PMID 17355795