chlorothiazide sodium

• クロロチアジドナトリウム

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chlorothiazide

WordNet

1. a silvery soft waxy metallic element of the alkali metal group; occurs abundantly in natural compounds (especially in salt water); burns with a yellow flame and reacts violently in water; occurs in sea water and in the mineral halite (rock salt) (同)Na, atomic number 11
2. a diuretic drug (trade name Diuril) used in the treatment of edema and hypertension (同)Diuril

PrepTutorEJDIC

1. ソジウム,ナトリウム(金属元素;化学記号はNa)

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/05/04 10:29:28」(JST)

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Chlorothiazide

Systematic (IUPAC) name
6-chloro-1,1-dioxo-2H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine-7-sulfonamide
Clinical data
Trade names	Diuril
AHFS/Drugs.com	monograph
MedlinePlus	a682341
Pregnancy category	US: C (Risk not ruled out)
Legal status	US: ℞-only
Routes of administration	Oral, IV
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability	low
Metabolism	Nil
Half-life	45 to 60 hours
Excretion	Renal
Identifiers
CAS Registry Number	58-94-6 Y
ATC code	C03AA04
PubChem	CID 2720
DrugBank	DB00880 Y
ChemSpider	2619 Y
UNII	77W477J15H Y
KEGG	D00519 Y
ChEBI	CHEBI:3640 Y
ChEMBL	CHEMBL842 Y
Chemical data
Formula	C7H6ClN3O4S2
Molecular mass	295.72 g/mol
SMILES O=S(=O)(c1c(Cl)cc2c(c1)S(=O)(=O)/N=C\N2)N
InChI InChI=1S/C7H6ClN3O4S2/c8-4-1-5-7(2-6(4)16(9,12)13)17(14,15)11-3-10-5/h1-3H,(H,10,11)(H2,9,12,13)  Y Key:JBMKAUGHUNFTOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N  Y
Y (what is this?)  (verify)

Chlorothiazide sodium (Diuril) is a diuretic used within the hospital setting or for personal use to manage excess fluid associated with congestive heart failure. It is also used as an antihypertensive.

Most often taken in pill form, it is usually taken orally once or twice a day. In the ICU setting, chlorothiazide is given to diurese a patient in addition to furosemide (Lasix). Working in a separate mechanism than furosemide, and absorbed enterically as a reconstituted suspension administered through a nasogastric tube (NG tube), the two drugs potentiate one another.

Indications

• Large amount of excess fluid including:
  • Diagnosed congested heart failure
  • Peripheral edema
  • Rales / Rhonchi
  • Hypertension

Contraindications

• Renal failure or insufficiency
• Allergies to sulfa drugs

Dose

• 500 mg–1 g once or twice a day, by mouth or through NG tube (reconstituted suspension)
• May also be given intravenously, and should be given first if given in combination with IV lasix since it potentiate's the diuretic effect of furosemide.

Side effects

• Nausea / Vomiting
• Headache
• Dizziness
• Excess urine production
• Dehydration
• Hypoelectrolytemia (esp. hypokalemia / hypomagnesia)

History

The Research team of Merck Sharp and Dohme Research Laboratories: Karl H. Beyer, Jr., M.D., Ph.D.; James M. Sprague, Ph.D.; John E. Baer, Ph.D.; and Frederick C. Novello, Ph.D. created a new series of medications, the thiazide diuretics, which includes chlorothiazide. They won an Albert Lasker Special Award in 1975 for its creation. http://www.laskerfoundation.org/awards/formaward.htm

UpToDate Contents

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• 1. 成人における難治性浮腫の治療 treatment of refractory edema in adults
• 2. 気管支肺異形成症のマネージメント management of bronchopulmonary dysplasia
• 3. 利尿剤の作用機序 mechanism of action of diuretics
• 4. 小児における再発性腎結石症の予防 prevention of recurrent nephrolithiasis in children
• 5. 急性腎障害（急性腎不全）におけるナトリウム（FENa）、尿素（FEUrea）、およびその他分子の排泄率 fractional excretion of sodium urea and other molecules in acute kidney injury acute renal failure

English Journal

• FGF23 regulates renal sodium handling and blood pressure.

• Andrukhova O1, Slavic S1, Smorodchenko A1, Zeitz U1, Shalhoub V2, Lanske B3, Pohl EE1, Erben RG4.
• EMBO molecular medicine.EMBO Mol Med.2014 May 5;6(6):744-59. doi: 10.1002/emmm.201303716.
• Fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF23) is a bone-derived hormone regulating renal phosphate reabsorption and vitamin D synthesis in renal proximal tubules. Here, we show that FGF23 directly regulates the membrane abundance of the Na(+):Cl(-) co-transporter NCC in distal renal tubules by a signaling mec
• PMID 24797667

• Hydrochlorothiazide attenuates lithium-induced nephrogenic diabetes insipidus independently of the sodium-chloride cotransporter.

• Sinke AP1, Kortenoeven ML, de Groot T, Baumgarten R, Devuyst O, Wetzels JF, Loffing J, Deen PM.
• American journal of physiology. Renal physiology.Am J Physiol Renal Physiol.2014 Mar 1;306(5):F525-33. doi: 10.1152/ajprenal.00617.2013. Epub 2013 Dec 18.
• Lithium is the most common cause of nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (Li-NDI). Hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) combined with amiloride is the mainstay treatment in Li-NDI. The paradoxical antidiuretic action of HCTZ in Li-NDI is generally attributed to increased sodium and water uptake in proximal tubules
• PMID 24352504

• Acute inhibition of NCC does not activate distal electrogenic Na+ reabsorption or kaliuresis.

• Hunter RW1, Craigie E, Homer NZ, Mullins JJ, Bailey MA.
• American journal of physiology. Renal physiology.Am J Physiol Renal Physiol.2014 Feb 15;306(4):F457-67. doi: 10.1152/ajprenal.00339.2013. Epub 2014 Jan 8.
• Na(+) reabsorption from the distal renal tubule involves electroneutral and electrogenic pathways, with the latter promoting K(+) excretion. The relative activities of these two pathways are tightly controlled, participating in the minute-to-minute regulation of systemic K(+) balance. The pathways a
• PMID 24402096

Japanese Journal

• Ｔｒａｘａｎｏｘ　Ｓｏｄｉｕｍの健常人における利尿作用および尿酸排せつ作用　　反復投与試験によるＨｙｄｒｏｃｈｌｏｒｏｔｈｉａｚｉｄｅとの比較:反復投与試験によるHydrochlorothiazideとの比較

• 臨床薬理 18(4), 619-626, 1987
• NAID 130002046947

• 実験的糸球体腎炎ラットにおける尿中Prostaglandin Eの排泄について

• 藥學雜誌 103(8), 899-905, 1983
• NAID 110003661085

• Cortisolの近位尿細管におけるNa転送促進作用のActinomycin Dによる抑制について

• 日本腎臓学会誌 16(2), 67-72, 1974
• NAID 130004168056

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リンク元	「クロロチアジドナトリウム」
関連記事	「chlorothiazide」

「クロロチアジドナトリウム」

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英

chlorothiazide sodium

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クロロチアジド

「chlorothiazide」

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日

関

関

Thiazide diuretic s

同

Diuril

同

Diuril

関

Thiazide diuretic s