celiotomy

• 開腹手術、開腹術、開腹

関

abdominal section、laparotomy

WordNet

1. surgical incision into the abdominal wall; often done to examine abdominal organs

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2013/09/08 03:21:00」(JST)

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Laparotomy
Intervention
Abdominal cavity
ICD-9-CM	54.1
MeSH	D007813

A laparotomy is a surgical procedure involving a large incision through the abdominal wall to gain access into the abdominal cavity. It is also known as celiotomy.

Terminology

In diagnostic laparotomy (most often referred to as an exploratory laparotomy and abbreviated Ex-Lap), the nature of the disease is unknown, and laparotomy is deemed the best way to identify the cause.

In therapeutic laparotomy, a cause has been identified (e.g. peptic ulcer, colon cancer) and laparotomy is required for its therapy.

Usually, only exploratory laparotomy is considered a stand-alone surgical operation. When a specific operation is already planned, laparotomy is considered merely the first step of the procedure.

Spaces accessed

Depending on incision placement, laparotomy may give access to any abdominal organ or space, and is the first step in any major diagnostic or therapeutic surgical procedure of these organs, which include:

• the digestive tract (the stomach, duodenum, jejunum, ileum and colon)
• the liver, pancreas, gallbladder, and spleen
• the bladder
• the female reproductive organs (the uterus and ovaries)
• the retroperitoneum (the kidneys, the aorta, abdominal lymph nodes)
• the appendix

Types of incisions

Laparotomy: view into the upper abdomen after resection of a left lobe liver tumor

Main article: Surgical Incisions

Midline

The most common incision for laparotomy is the midline incision, a vertical incision which follows the linea alba.

• The upper midline incision usually extends from the xiphoid process to the umbilicus.

• A typical lower midline incision is limited by the umbilicus superiorly and by the pubic symphysis inferiorly.

• Sometimes a single incision extending from xiphoid process to pubic symphysis is employed, especially in trauma surgery.

Midline incisions are particularly favoured in diagnostic laparotomy, as they allow wide access to most of the abdominal cavity.

midline incision

1. cut (incised) the skin in mid line (linea alba).
2. cut (incised) subcutaneous tissue.
3. divide the linea alba (white line of the abdomen).
4. pick up peritoneum, confirm that there is no bowel adhesion (intestinal adhesion).
5. nick peritoneum.
6. insert finger beneath the wound to make sure that there is no adhesion.
7. cut the peritoneum with scissors.</ref> operative surgery of ( lsmu )

Other

Other common laparotomy incisions include:

• the Kocher (right subcostal) incision (after Emil Theodor Kocher); appropriate for certain operations on the liver, gallbladder and biliary tract. This shares a name with the Kocher incision used for thyroid surgery: a transverse, slightly curved incision about 2 cm above the sternoclavicular joints;

• the Davis or Rockey-Davis "muscle-splitting" right lower quadrant incision for appendectomy;

• the Pfannenstiel incision, a transverse incision below the umbilicus and just above the pubic symphysis. In the classic Pfannenstiel incision, the skin and subcutaneous tissue are incised transversally, but the linea alba is opened vertically. It is the incision of choice for Cesarean section and for abdominal hysterectomy for benign disease. A variation of this incision is the Maylard incision in which the rectus abdominis muscles are sectioned transversally to permit wider access to the pelvis.

• Lumbotomy consists of a lumbar incision which permits access to the kidneys (which are retroperitoneal) without entering the peritoneal cavity. It is typically used only for benign renal lesions. It has also been proposed for surgery of the upper urological tract.

• Cherney Incision

Related procedures

A related procedure is laparoscopy, where cameras and other instruments are inserted into the peritoneal cavity via small holes in the abdomen. For example, an appendectomy can be done either by a laparotomy or by a laparoscopic approach.

References

External links

• Article about exploratory Laparotomy
• Article about Abdominal exploratory surgery in animals

UpToDate Contents

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• 1. 成人における鈍的腹部外傷の初期評価およびマネージメント initial evaluation and management of blunt abdominal trauma in adults
• 2. 骨盤外傷：初期評価およびマネージメント pelvic trauma initial evaluation and management
• 3. 遺伝性びまん性胃癌に対する予防的胃全摘術 prophylactic total gastrectomy for hereditary diffuse gastric cancer

English Journal

• Spontaneous postpartum rupture of an intact uterus: a case report.

• Mavromatidis G, Karavas G, Margioula-Siarkou C, Petousis S, Kalogiannidis I, Mamopoulos A, Rousso D.
• Journal of clinical medicine research.J Clin Med Res.2015 Jan;7(1):56-8. doi: 10.14740/jocmr1922w. Epub 2014 Oct 16.
• Rupture of uterus is an obstetrical complication characterized by a breach in the uterine wall and the overlying serosa. We report an unusual case of spontaneous rupture of an unscarred uterus in a 33-year-old woman, a day after her third successful vaginal delivery. A 33-year-old pregnant woman, gr
• PMID 25368704

• Systematic review of the impact of surgical harm on quality of life after general and gastrointestinal surgery.

• Bouras G1, Marie Burns E, Howell AM, Mark Bagnall N, Lee H, Athanasiou T, Darzi A.
• Annals of surgery.Ann Surg.2014 Dec;260(6):975-83. doi: 10.1097/SLA.0000000000000676.
• OBJECTIVE: To assess the impact of surgical harm on quality of life (QoL) in general and gastrointestinal surgery.BACKGROUND: Surgical adverse events (SAEs) are associated with poor outcome. Although SAEs are likely to affect QoL, this has not been demonstrated in surgery.METHODS: Studies in general
• PMID 24854455

• Comparison of reoperation rates, perioperative outcomes in women with endometrial cancer when the standard of care shifts from open surgery to laparoscopy.

• Boosz A1, Haeberle L, Renner SP, Thiel FC, Mehlhorn G, Beckmann MW, Mueller A.
• Archives of gynecology and obstetrics.Arch Gynecol Obstet.2014 Dec;290(6):1215-20. doi: 10.1007/s00404-014-3347-9. Epub 2014 Jul 10.
• PURPOSE: To analyze reoperation rates and perioperative outcomes after long-term follow-up of two surgical approaches in the treatment of endometrial cancer when the standard of care shifts from open surgery to laparoscopy at a university hospital.METHODS: In this retrospective monocenter study a to
• PMID 25009071

Japanese Journal

• Surgery : Barium Peritonitis in Small Animals

• KO Jae Jin,MANN F. A. (Tony)
• The journal of veterinary medical science 76(5), 621-628, 2014-05
• NAID 40020110477

• Barium Peritonitis in Small Animals

• KO Jae Jin,MANN F. A. (Tony)
• Journal of Veterinary Medical Science, 2014
• … Initial aggressive fluid resuscitation and empirical broad-spectrum antibiotic treatment should be instituted promptly, followed quickly by celiotomy. …
• NAID 130003391261

• Petersen's herniaへの対応

• 熊田 博之,大西 啓祐,岡崎 慎史,二瓶 義博,五十嵐 幸夫,片桐 茂
• 日本臨床外科学会雑誌 74(10), 2663-2668, 2013
• Petersen's herniaは胃切除Roux-en-Y再建後に挙上空腸と横行結腸間膜の間隙（Petersen's defect）をヘルニア門として起こる内ヘルニアである．当院で2008年1月～2011年12月の間に同疾患と診断した6例を検討した．全例腹腔鏡補助下幽門側胃切除Roux-en-Y再建（前結腸経路）術後であった．明らかな絞扼を疑わせる所見はなかった．全例腹部造影CTでwhirl s …
• NAID 130004518519

Related Links

• celiotomy - definition of celiotomy by Medical dictionary

celiotomy /ce·li·ot·o·my/ (-ot´ah-me) incision into the abdominal cavity. vaginal celiotomy incision into the abdominal cavity through the vagina. ce·li·ot·o·my (sē′lē-ŏt′ə-mē) n. Incision of the abdomen. Also called abdominal section, laparotomy ...

• Celiotomy | Define Celiotomy at Dictionary.com

celiotomy ce·li·ot·o·my (sē'lē-ŏt'ə-mē) n. Incision of the abdomen. Also called abdominal section, laparotomy, ventrotomy.

Related Pictures

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★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「開腹」「開腹術」「開腹手術」「abdominal section」

「開腹」

　　[★]

英

laparotomy、celiotomy、abdominal section

関

開腹術、開腹手術

「開腹術」

　　[★]

英

laparotomy、celiotomy

関

開腹、開腹手術

「開腹手術」

　　[★]

英

laparotomy、celiotomy

関

開腹、開腹術

「abdominal section」

　　[★]

• 開腹

関

celiotomy、laparotomy