WordNet

of or relating to a catarrh; "catarrhal fever is any of several respiratory or oral diseases of livestock such as bluetongue in horses and sheep"
inflammation of the nose and throat with increased production of mucus

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カタル性の
カタル(特にかぜなどで鼻・のどなどの粘膜に起こる炎症)

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2014/12/19 21:05:34」(JST)

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Catarrh /kəˈtɑr/, or catarrhal inflammation, is a disorder of inflammation of the mucous membranes in one of the airways or cavities of the body.^[1]^[2] It can result in a thick exudate of mucus and white blood cells caused by the swelling of the mucous membranes in the head in response to an infection. It is a symptom usually associated with the common cold and chesty coughs, but can also be found in patients with infections of the adenoids, middle ear, sinus or tonsils. The phlegm produced by catarrh may either discharge or cause a blockage which may become chronic.

Problems caused by catarrh

A catarrh blockage may result in discomfort with (and what is known as ear fear of):

elevators
aircraft and helicopters
traveling at elevation
swimming pools and jumping baths

and other activities associated with a change in pressure.

Even the shallow end of a swimming bath can be troublesome; barotrauma—a problem linked to head pressure changes which is affected by catarrh blockages—can occur in as little as 4 feet (1.2 m) of water depth.

Etymology

The word "catarrh" comes from the Greek "katarrhein": kata- meaning "down" and rhein meaning "to flow."

References

^ "Catarrh - Definition and More from the Free Merriam-Webster Dictionary". Merriam-webster.com. Retrieved 2011-11-08.
^ "CHRONIC CATARRH - ITS SYMPTOMS, CAUSES AND EFFECTS. - A FEW PRACTICAL REMARKS BY DR. LIGHTHILL, Author of "A Popular Treatise on Deafness," "Letters on Catarrh." NO. 34 ST. MARK'S-PLACE, NEW-YORK. SYMPTOMS OF CATARRH. CAUSES OF CATARRH. TREATMENT OF CATARRH. FROM J.S. BEECHER, ESQ., FIRM OF IVES, BEECHER and CO., NO.98 FRONT-ST. FROM MAJ. ALVIN WALKER, PAYMASTER, U.S.A. FROM W. LARRABEE, ESQ. - Article". NYTimes.com. Retrieved 2011-11-08.

External links

Look up catarrh in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

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English Journal

The blurred border between porcine circovirus type 2-systemic disease and porcine respiratory disease complex.

Ticó G, Segalés J, Martínez J.SourceDepartament de Sanitat i Anatomia Animals, Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.
Veterinary microbiology.Vet Microbiol.2013 May 3;163(3-4):242-7. doi: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2013.01.001. Epub 2013 Jan 23.
Porcine respiratory disease complex (PRDC) is the name used to describe a clinical presentation characterized by respiratory signs and poor growth in growing-finishing pigs. Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) is one of the pathogens potentially involved in the presentation of this complex, although, i
PMID 23398668

Are rabbits a suitable model to study sheep-associated malignant catarrhal fever in susceptible hosts?

Cunha CW, O'Toole D, Taus NS, Knowles DP, Li H.SourceAnimal Disease Research Unit, USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-6630, United States; Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-7040, United States. Electronic address: cwcunha@vetmed.wsu.edu.
Veterinary microbiology.Vet Microbiol.2013 May 3;163(3-4):358-63. doi: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2013.01.002. Epub 2013 Jan 23.
Sheep-associated malignant catarrhal fever (SA-MCF), caused by ovine herpesvirus 2 (OvHV-2), is an often fatal syndrome affecting mainly ruminants. SA-MCF pathogenesis and vaccine studies rely solely on live animals, since OvHV-2 has not been successfully propagated in vitro. Thus, the identificatio
PMID 23394795

Exploratory study of Torque teno sus viruses in pulmonary inflammatory lesions in pigs.

Aramouni M, Martínez J, Nieto D, Kekarainen T, Segalés J.SourceCentre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal, UAB-IRTA, Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain. mario.aramouni@cresa.uab.cat
Veterinary microbiology.Vet Microbiol.2013 Mar 23;162(2-4):338-44. doi: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2012.09.011. Epub 2012 Sep 14.
The pathogenic role of Torque teno sus viruses 1 (TTSuV1) and 2 (TTSuV2), and their capacity to induce lesions are controversial. TTSuVs have been linked to porcine circovirus diseases (PCVDs) and described as cause of mild respiratory lesions in gnotobiotic pigs; moreover, an increased TTSuV preval
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Detection of pathogens in Boidae and Pythonidae with and without respiratory disease.

Schmidt V, Marschang RE, Abbas MD, Ball I, Szabo I, Helmuth R, Plenz B, Spergser J, Pees M.SourceClinic for Birds and Reptiles, University of Leipzig, An den Tierkliniken 17, Leipzig D-04103, Germany.
The Veterinary record.Vet Rec.2013 Mar 2;172(9):236. doi: 10.1136/vr.100972. Epub 2013 Jan 15.
Respiratory diseases in boid snakes are common in captivity, but little information is available on their aetiology. This study was carried out to determine the occurrence of lung associated pathogens in boid snakes with and without respiratory signs and/or pneumonia. In total, 80 boid snakes of the
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