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convert into a sulfate
a salt or ester of sulphuric acid (同)sulphate

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2016/12/16 15:22:17」(JST)

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Capreomycin is an antibiotic which is given in combination with other antibiotics for the treatment of tuberculosis. Specifically it is a second line treatment used for active drug resistant tuberculosis. It is given by injection into a vein or muscle.^[1]

Common side effects include kidney problems, hearing problems, poor balance, and pain at the site of injection. Other side effects include paralysis resulting in the inability to breath. It is not recommended with streptomycin or other medications that may damage the auditory vestibular nerve. It is not recommended during pregnancy as it may cause kidney or hearing problems in the baby.^[1] Capreomycin is commonly grouped with the aminoglycoside family of medications.^[2] How it works is unclear.^[1]

Capreomycin was discovered from Streptomyces capreolus in 1960.^[3] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines, the most important medications needed in a basic health system.^[4] The wholesale cost in the developing world is about 6.25 to 8.98 USD a dose.^[5]

Spectrum of susceptibility

Capreomycin is most commonly used to treat Mycobacterium tuberculosis infections. Mycobacterium tuberculosis growth has been found to be inhibited at a concentration of 2.5 μg/mL.^[6]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c "Capreomycin Sulfate". The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. Retrieved 8 December 2016.
^ Navneet, Kumar (2015). Textbook of Neurology. PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd. p. 192. ISBN 9788120342439.
^ Tomlinson, Catherine. "TB Online - Capreomycin". Retrieved 14 September 2014.
^ "WHO Model List of EssentialMedicines" (PDF). World Health Organization. October 2013. Retrieved 22 April 2014.
^ "Capreomycin". International Drug Price Indicator Guide. Retrieved 8 December 2016.
^ http://www.toku-e.com/Assets/MIC/Capreomycin%20sulfate.pdf

UpToDate Contents

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1. セカンドラインの抗結核療法 second line antituberculous therapy
2. 広範囲薬剤耐性結核の臨床症状、診断、および治療 clinical manifestations diagnosis and treatment of extensively drug resistant tuberculosis
3. 薬剤耐性結核の診断、治療、および予防 diagnosis treatment and prevention of drug resistant tuberculosis
4. 妊娠中の結核 tuberculosis in pregnancy
5. Treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis in HIV-uninfected patients

English Journal

Evaluation of the GenoType MTBDRsl Version 2.0 Assay for Second-Line Drug Resistance Detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Isolates in South Africa.

Gardee Y1,2, Dreyer AW2, Koornhof HJ3,2, Omar SV3, da Silva P2,4, Bhyat Z3, Ismail NA3,5.
Journal of clinical microbiology.J Clin Microbiol.2017 Mar;55(3):791-800. doi: 10.1128/JCM.01865-16. Epub 2016 Dec 14.
Early detection of resistance to second-line antituberculosis drugs is important for the management of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB). The GenoType MTBDRsl version 2.0 (VER 2.0) line probe assay has been redesigned for molecular detection of resistance-conferring mutations of fluoroquinol
PMID 27974543

A Novel Motif for S-Adenosyl-l-methionine Binding by the Ribosomal RNA Methyltransferase TlyA from Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Witek MA1, Kuiper EG1,2, Minten E2, Crispell EK3, Conn GL4.
The Journal of biological chemistry.J Biol Chem.2017 Feb 3;292(5):1977-1987. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M116.752659. Epub 2016 Dec 27.
Capreomycin is a potent ribosome-targeting antibiotic that is an essential component of current antituberculosis treatments, particularly in the case of multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). Optimal capreomycin binding and Mtb ribosome inhibition requires ribosomal RNA methylation in
PMID 28031456

Molecular Investigation of Resistance to Second-Line Injectable Drugs in Multidrug-Resistant Clinical Isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in France.

Brossier F1,2, Pham A3, Bernard C3,2, Aubry A3,2, Jarlier V3,2, Veziris N3,2, Sougakoff W3,2; CNR-MyRMA.
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy.Antimicrob Agents Chemother.2017 Jan 24;61(2). pii: e01299-16. doi: 10.1128/AAC.01299-16. Print 2017 Feb.
The second-line injectable drugs (SLID, i.e., amikacin, kanamycin, capreomycin) are key drugs for the treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. Mutations in rrs region 1400, tlyA, and eis promoter are associated with resistance to SLID, to capreomycin, and to kanamycin, respectively. In this st
PMID 27895017

Japanese Journal

癩の化学療法に関する研究-24-Ethambutol,Capreomycin sulfateの鼠癩発症に及ぼす影響

金重明 [他]
レプラ 37(3), 229-232, 1968-09
NAID 40018637749

「カプレオマイシン」

Capreomycin
Clinical data
Trade names	Capastat
AHFS/Drugs.com	Monograph
MedlinePlus	a682860
Pregnancy; category	C;
Routes of; administration	intramuscular
ATC code	J04AB30 (WHO)
Identifiers
	IUPAC name (3S)-3,6-diamino-N-[[(2S,5S,8E,11S,15S)-15-amino-11-[(4R)-2-amino-3,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidin-4-yl]-8-[(carbamoylamino)methylidene]-2-(hydroxymethyl)-3,6,9,12,16-pentaoxo-1,4,7,10,13-pentazacyclohexadec-5-yl]methyl]hexanamide; (3S)-3,6-diamino-N-[[(2S,5S,8E,11S,15S)-15-amino-11-[(4R)-2-amino-3,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidin-4-yl]-8-[(carbamoylamino)methylidene]-2-methyl-3,6,9,12,16-pentaoxo-1,4,7,10,13-pentazacyclohexadec-5-yl]methyl]hexanamide;
CAS Number	11003-38-6
PubChem (CID)	3000502
DrugBank	DB00314
ChemSpider	2272094
UNII	232HYX66HC
KEGG	D00135
ChEMBL	CHEMBL2221250
NIAID ChemDB	007653
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C25H44N14O8
Molar mass	668.706 g/mol
3D model (Jmol)	Interactive image
	SMILES C[C@H]1C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N/C(=C/NC(=O)N)/C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)NC[C@@H](C(=O)N1)N)[C@H]2CCN=C(N2)N)CNC(=O)C[C@H](CCCN)N.C1CN=C(N[C@H]1[C@H]2C(=O)NC[C@@H](C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N/C(=C/NC(=O)N)/C(=O)N2)CNC(=O)C[C@H](CCCN)N)CO)N)N ;
	InChI InChI=1S/C25H44N14O8.C25H44N14O7/c26-4-1-2-11(27)6-17(41)32-8-14-20(43)35-15(9-34-25(30)47)21(44)39-18(13-3-5-31-24(29)38-13)23(46)33-7-12(28)19(42)37-16(10-40)22(45)36-14;1-11-19(41)36-15(9-32-17(40)7-12(27)3-2-5-26)21(43)37-16(10-34-25(30)46)22(44)39-18(14-4-6-31-24(29)38-14)23(45)33-8-13(28)20(42)35-11/h9,11-14,16,18,40H,1-8,10,26-28H2,(H,32,41)(H,33,46)(H,35,43)(H,36,45)(H,37,42)(H,39,44)(H3,29,31,38)(H3,30,34,47);10-15,18H,2-9,26-28H2,1H3,(H,32,40)(H,33,45)(H,35,42)(H,36,41)(H,37,43)(H,39,44)(H3,29,31,38)(H3,30,34,46)/b15-9+;16-10+/t11-,12-,13+,14-,16-,18-;11-,12-,13-,14+,15-,18-/m00/s1 ; Key:VCOPTHOUUNAYKQ-WBTCAYNUSA-N ;
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