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Buphthalmos |
Classification and external resources |
ICD-10 |
Q15.0 |
ICD-9-CM |
743.2 |
DiseasesDB |
1778 |
MeSH |
D006871 |
Buphthalmos (plural: buphthalmoses) is enlargement of the eyeball and is most commonly seen in infants and young children. It is sometimes referred to as buphthalmia (plural buphthalmias).[1] It usually appears in the newborn period or the first 3 months of life.[2] and in most cases indicates the presence of congenital (infantile) glaucoma, which is a disorder in which elevated pressures within the eye lead to structural eye damage and vision loss.
Contents
- 1 Etiology
- 2 Symptoms
- 3 signs
- 4 Prognosis and treatment
- 5 Etymology
- 6 Cases of buphthalmos in popular culture
- 7 References
Etiology
Infantile glaucoma, which often produces the clinical sign of buphthalmos, can be caused when an abnormally narrow angle between the cornea and iris blocks the outflow of aqueous humor;[3] this causes increased intraocular pressure and eventual enlargement of the globe (eyeball). Angle closure can be caused by developmental abnormalities of the eye as well as the presence of abnormal structures within the vitreous.[4]
Symptoms
Buphthalmos in itself is merely a clinical sign and does not generate symptoms. Patients with glaucoma often initially have no symptoms; later, they can exhibit excessive tearing (lacrimation) and extreme sensitivity to light (photophobia). On ophthalmologic exam, one can detect increased intraocular pressure, distortion of the optic disc, and corneal edema, which manifests as haziness.
signs
Prominent eyeball, haab's striae in descemets membrane of cornea, enlarged cornea, myopia.
Prognosis and treatment
Untreated glaucoma leads to total blindness. Surgical treatment is required. Presently-utilized surgical procedures include goniotomy, trabeculotomy, or trabeculectomy.
Etymology
The name of the condition derives from the Greek βοῦς bous (ox or cow), referring to the bulging eyes common to bovines.
Cases of buphthalmos in popular culture
US musical legend Ray Charles, who was totally blind by age 7, had probably been afflicted with glaucoma and may have had buphthalmos early in life.[5]
References
- ^ http://www.merriam-webster.com/medical/Buphthalmos Merriam-Webster online medical dictionary
- ^ Merriam-Webster: Over 80% of cases are evident by 3 months of age.
- ^ The Schlemm's canal is usually collapsed (Merriam-Webster)
- ^ Yanoff & Duker: Ophthalmology, 3rd ed. 2008
- ^ http://www.swingmusic.net/Ray_Charles_Biography.html Swing Music website, page for Ray Charles
Congenital malformations and deformations of eyes (Q10–Q15, 743)
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Adnexa |
Eyelid |
- Ptosis
- Ectropion
- Entropion
- Distichia
- Blepharophimosis
- Ablepharon
- Marcus Gunn phenomenon
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Lacrimal apparatus |
- Congenital lacrimal duct obstruction
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Globe |
Entire eye |
- Anophthalmia (Cystic eyeball, Cryptophthalmos)
- Microphthalmia
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Lens |
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Iris |
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Anterior segment |
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Cornea |
- Keratoglobus
- Megalocornea
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Other |
- Buphthalmos
- Coloboma (Coloboma of optic nerve)
- Hydrophthalmos
- Norrie disease
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Index of the eye
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Description |
- Anatomy
- Physiology
- Phenomena
- appearance
- visual
- optical illusions
- proteins
- Development
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Disease |
- Congenital
- Corneal dystrophy
- Neoplasms and cancer
- Other
- Symptoms and signs
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Treatment |
- Procedures
- Drugs
- infection
- glaucoma and miosis
- mydriatics
- vascular
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UpToDate Contents
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English Journal
- Relationship between corneal sensitivity, corneal thickness, corneal diameter, and intraocular pressure in normal cats and cats with congenital glaucoma.
- Telle MR1, Chen N2, Shinsako D1,2, Kiland JA2, Oikawa K1,2,3, Møller Trane R2, McLellan GJ1,2,3.
- Veterinary ophthalmology.Vet Ophthalmol.2018 Mar 8. doi: 10.1111/vop.12558. [Epub ahead of print]
- PMID 29517120
- Bilateral anterior segment dysgenesis with the presumed Peters' anomaly in a cat.
- Park S1,2, Kim K2, Kim Y2, Seo K1.
- The Journal of veterinary medical science.J Vet Med Sci.2018 Feb 20;80(2):297-301. doi: 10.1292/jvms.17-0532. Epub 2017 Dec 15.
- PMID 29249729
- New horizons in congenital glaucoma surgery.
- Grehn F1.
- Acta ophthalmologica.Acta Ophthalmol.2018 Feb;96(1):7-8. doi: 10.1111/aos.13589.
- PMID 29356367
Japanese Journal
- ケースノート 早発型発達緑内障が疑われた巨大角膜の1例
- A Case of Primary Congenital Glaucoma in Fischer344 Rat
Related Pictures
![Buphthalmos - Enlargement Of The Eyeball](https://1mg.info/0/k/r/1085.jpg)
![Bilateral buphthalmos in PCG. | Download Scientific Diagram](https://1mg.info/0/s/f/2823.jpg)
![Buphthalmos in primary congenital glaucoma](https://1mg.info/0/s/f/2825.jpg)
![WAGR Syndrome Project](https://1mg.info/0/s/f/2827.jpg)
![Ophthalmology Spot Diagnosis: Buphthalmos | Epomedicine](https://1mg.info/0/k/r/1086.jpg)
★リンクテーブル★
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- 英
- buphthalmos、buphthalmus、hydrophthalmus
- 関
- 水眼、牛眼症
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牛眼
- 関
- buphthalmos、hydrophthalmus
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牛眼
- 関
- buphthalmos、buphthalmus
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- 英
- buphthalmos
- 関
- 牛眼
[★]
水眼
- 関
- buphthalmos