buphthalmos

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/07/20 09:24:12」(JST)

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Buphthalmos
Classification and external resources
ICD-10	Q15.0
ICD-9-CM	743.2
DiseasesDB	1778
MeSH	D006871

Buphthalmos (plural: buphthalmoses) is enlargement of the eyeball and is most commonly seen in infants and young children. It is sometimes referred to as buphthalmia (plural buphthalmias). It usually appears in the newborn period or the first 3 months of life. and in most cases indicates the presence of congenital (infantile) glaucoma, which is a disorder in which elevated pressures within the eye lead to structural eye damage and vision loss.

Etiology

Infantile glaucoma, which often produces the clinical sign of buphthalmos, can be caused when an abnormally narrow angle between the cornea and iris blocks the outflow of aqueous humor; this causes increased intraocular pressure and eventual enlargement of the globe (eyeball). Angle closure can be caused by developmental abnormalities of the eye as well as the presence of abnormal structures within the vitreous.

Symptoms

Buphthalmos in itself is merely a clinical sign and does not generate symptoms. Patients with glaucoma often initially have no symptoms; later, they can exhibit excessive tearing (lacrimation) and extreme sensitivity to light (photophobia). On ophthalmologic exam, one can detect increased intraocular pressure, distortion of the optic disc, and corneal edema, which manifests as haziness.

signs

Prominent eyeball, haab's striae in descemets membrane of cornea, enlarged cornea, myopia.

Prognosis and treatment

Untreated glaucoma leads to total blindness. Surgical treatment is required. Presently-utilized surgical procedures include goniotomy, trabeculotomy, or trabeculectomy.

Etymology

The name of the condition derives from the Greek βοῦς bous (ox or cow), referring to the bulging eyes common to bovines.

Cases of buphthalmos in popular culture

US musical legend Ray Charles, who was totally blind by age 7, had probably been afflicted with glaucoma and may have had buphthalmos early in life.

References

UpToDate Contents

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• 1. 原発性乳児緑内障 primary infantile glaucoma
• 2. 持続性の流涙がみられる小児に対するアプローチ approach to the child with persistent tearing
• 3. 乳児や小児の緑内障の概要 overview of glaucoma in infants and children
• 4. スタージウェーバー症候群 sturge weber syndrome
• 5. 毛細血管奇形（ポートワイン母斑）とそれに関連する症候群 capillary malformations port wine stains and associated syndromes

English Journal

• Relationship between corneal sensitivity, corneal thickness, corneal diameter, and intraocular pressure in normal cats and cats with congenital glaucoma.

• Telle MR1, Chen N2, Shinsako D1,2, Kiland JA2, Oikawa K1,2,3, Møller Trane R2, McLellan GJ1,2,3.
• Veterinary ophthalmology.Vet Ophthalmol.2018 Mar 8. doi: 10.1111/vop.12558. [Epub ahead of print]
• PMID 29517120

• Bilateral anterior segment dysgenesis with the presumed Peters' anomaly in a cat.

• Park S1,2, Kim K2, Kim Y2, Seo K1.
• The Journal of veterinary medical science.J Vet Med Sci.2018 Feb 20;80(2):297-301. doi: 10.1292/jvms.17-0532. Epub 2017 Dec 15.
• PMID 29249729

• New horizons in congenital glaucoma surgery.

• Grehn F1.
• Acta ophthalmologica.Acta Ophthalmol.2018 Feb;96(1):7-8. doi: 10.1111/aos.13589.
• PMID 29356367

Japanese Journal

• ケースノート 早発型発達緑内障が疑われた巨大角膜の1例

• 眼科 49(1), 91-94, 2007-01
• NAID 40015253848

• 難治性網膜剥離の手術治療

• 日本眼科學会雜誌 107(12), 768-784, 2003-12-10
• NAID 10012738803

• A Case of Primary Congenital Glaucoma in Fischer344 Rat

• Journal of toxicologic pathology 13(2), 119-121, 2000-06-30
• NAID 10030906389

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リンク元	「牛眼」「buphthalmus」「hydrophthalmus」「牛眼症」「hydrophthalmos」

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buphthalmos、buphthalmus、hydrophthalmus

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水眼、牛眼症

「buphthalmus」

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buphthalmos、hydrophthalmus

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buphthalmos、buphthalmus

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buphthalmos

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牛眼

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buphthalmos