WordNet

a state or condition being blighted
any plant disease resulting in withering without rotting
cause to suffer a blight; "Too much rain may blight the garden with mold" (同)plague
a disease of American chestnut trees (同)chestnut canker, chestnut-bark disease
a disease of tropical woody plants (cacao or tea or citrus)
a disease of tomato plants (同)tomato yellows
a disease of the ends of twigs of woody plants
a disease of English walnut trees
affected by blight; anything that mars or prevents growth or prosperity; "a blighted rose"; "blighted urban districts" (同)spoilt

PrepTutorEJDIC

〈U〉胴枯れ病(さび病・黒穂病・べと病など,菌の寄生のために起こる植物の病気) / 〈C〉(…を)破壊(だめに)するもの(人)《+『of』(『on』)+『名』》 / 〈U〉荒発した状態 / …'を'枯らす,しおれさせる / 〈希望など〉'を'くじく,損なう,台なしにする

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/07/05 15:54:00」(JST)

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Blight refers to a specific symptom affecting plants in response to infection by a pathogenic organism. It is simply a rapid and complete chlorosis, browning, then death of plant tissues such as leaves, branches, twigs, or floral organs.^[1] Accordingly, many diseases that primarily exhibit this symptom are called blights. Several notable examples are:

Late blight of potato, caused by the water mold Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) de Bary, the disease which led to the Great Irish Famine
Southern corn leaf blight, caused by the fungus Cochliobolus heterostrophus (Drechs.) Drechs, anamorph Bipolaris maydis (Nisikado & Miyake) Shoemaker, incited a severe loss of corn in the United States in 1970.^[2]
Chestnut blight, caused by the fungus Cryphonectria parasitica (Murrill) Barr, has nearly completely eradicated mature American chestnuts in North America.
Fire blight of pome fruits, caused by the bacterium Erwinia amylovora (Burrill) Winslow et al., is the most severe disease of pear and also is found in apple and raspberry, among others.
Bacterial leaf blight of rice, caused by the bacterium Xanthomonas oryzae (Uyeda & Ishiyama) Dowson.^[3]
Early blight of potato and tomato, caused by species of the ubiquitous fungal genus Alternaria
Leaf blight of the grasses

On leaf tissue, symptoms of blight are the initial appearance of lesions which rapidly engulf surrounding tissue. However, leaf spot may, in advanced stages, expand to kill entire areas of leaf tissue and thus exhibit blight symptoms.

Blights are often named after their causative agent, for example Colletotrichum blight is named after the fungi Colletotrichum capsici, and Phytophthora blight is named after the water mold Phytophthora parasitica.^[4]

Gallery

Chestnut blight
Brown Felt Blight
Potato late blight
Fire blight appletree fruit

References

^ Agrios, George N. 2005. Plant Pathology. 5th ed, Burlington, MA: Elsevier Academic Press,
^ Partridge, J.E. "Southern Corn Leaf Blight." 2003. 8 August 2006. http://nu-distance.unl.edu/homer/disease/agron/corn/CoSCLB.html
^ Oda, M., Sekizawa, Y., and Watanabe, T. 1966. "Phenazines as Disinfectants Against Bacterial Leaf Blight of the Rice Plant." Applied Microbiology 14(3):365-367.
^ Chase, A. R. (1984). "Diseases of Foliage Plants - Revised List 1984". Agricultural Research Center - Apopka, University of Florida. Archived from the original on 30 October 2014.

English Journal

A Mutant of the Bck1 Homolog from Cryphonectria parasitica Resulted in Sectorization with an Impaired Pathogenicity.

Kim DH1, Kim JM2, Lee JG3, Yun SH4, So KK5, Ko YH6, Kim YH7, Park SM8.
Molecular plant-microbe interactions : MPMI.Mol Plant Microbe Interact.2016 Jan 12. [Epub ahead of print]
CpBck1, an ortholog of the cell wall integrity MAPKKK of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, was cloned and characterized from the chestnut blight fungus Cryphonectria parasitica. The CpBck1-null mutant displayed cell wall integrity-related phenotypic changes such as abnormal cell morphology and wall formatio
PMID 26757242

MATE transporter-dependent export of hydroxycinnamic acid amides.

Dobritzsch M1, Lübken T1, Eschen-Lippold L1, Gorzolka K1, Blum E2, Matern A1, Marillonnet S1, Böttcher C3, Dräger B2, Rosahl S4.
The Plant cell.Plant Cell.2016 Jan 7. pii: TPC2015-00706-RA. [Epub ahead of print]
The ability of Arabidopsis thaliana to successfully prevent colonization by Phytophthora infestans, the causal agent of late blight disease of potato, depends on multilayered defense responses. To address the role of surface-localized secondary metabolites for entry control, droplets of a P. infesta
PMID 26744218

Adipose triglyceride lipase (Atgl) mediates the antibiotic jinggangmycin-stimulated reproduction in the brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens Stål.

Jiang YP1, Li L1, Liu ZY1, You LL1, Wu Y1, Xu B1, Ge LQ1, Song QS2, Wu JC1.
Scientific reports.Sci Rep.2016 Jan 7;6:18984. doi: 10.1038/srep18984.
The antibiotic jinggangmycin (JGM) is an agrochemical product widely used in China for controlling rice sheath blight, Rhizoctonia solani. Unexpectedly, it stimulates reproduction in the brown planthopper (BPH), Nilaparvata lugens (Stål). However, the underlying molecular mechanisms of the stimulat
PMID 26739506

The Fe2+ chelator Proferrorosamine A: a gene cluster of Erwinia rhapontici P45 involved in its synthesis and its impact on growth of Erwinia amylovora CFBP1430.

Born Y1, Remus-Emsermann MN2, Bieri M3, Kamber T4, Piel J5, Pelludat C6.
Microbiology (Reading, England).Microbiology.2016 Jan 5. doi: 10.1099/mic.0.000231. [Epub ahead of print]
Proferrorosamine A (proFRA) is an iron (Fe2+) chelator produced by the opportunistic plant pathogen Erwinia rhapontici P45. To identify genes involved in proFRA synthesis a transposon mutagenesis was performed. The identified 9.3 kb gene cluster, comprising seven genes, designated rosA to rosG, enco
PMID 26732708