かご細胞
WordNet
- small room in which a monk or nun lives (同)cubicle
- a device that delivers an electric current as the result of a chemical reaction (同)electric cell
- a room where a prisoner is kept (同)jail cell, prison cell
- (biology) the basic structural and functional unit of all organisms; they may exist as independent units of life (as in monads) or may form colonies or tissues as in higher plants and animals
- any small compartment; "the cells of a honeycomb"
- a small unit serving as part of or as the nucleus of a larger political movement (同)cadre
- the quantity contained in a basket (同)basketful
- horizontal circular metal hoop supporting a net through which players try to throw the basketball (同)basketball hoop, hoop
- a score in basketball made by throwing the ball through the hoop (同)field_goal
- a container that is usually woven and has handles (同)handbasket
- be exposed; "The seals were basking in the sun"
PrepTutorEJDIC
- (刑務所の)『独房』;(修道院の)小さい独居室 / (ミツバチの)みつ房,巣穴 / 小さい部屋 / 『細胞』 / 電池 / 花粉室 / (共産党などの)細胞
- 『かご』,『バスケット』 / (…の)かご1杯(basketful)《+『of』+『名』》 / (バスケットボールで)ゴールの網 / 得点
- (日光で)暖まる《+『in』+『名』》 / (愛情・恩恵などに)浴する,恵まれる《+『in』+『名』》
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2016/02/18 08:13:02」(JST)
[Wiki en表示]
| Basket cell |
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Transverse section of a cerebellar folium (Basket cell labeled at bottom left)
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| Details |
| Location |
Cerebellum |
| Morphology |
multipolar |
| Function |
Inhibitory interneuron |
| Neurotransmitter |
GABA |
| Presynaptic connections |
Parallel fibers |
| Postsynaptic connections |
Purkinje cells |
| Identifiers |
| NeuroLex ID |
Basket Cell |
| Anatomical terminology
[edit on Wikidata]
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Basket cells are inhibitory GABAergic interneurons of the brain, found in the molecular layer of the cerebellum, the hippocampus, and the cerebral cortex.[1]
Contents
- 1 Anatomy and Physiology
- 2 Cerebellum
- 3 Hippocampus
- 4 Cortex
- 5 Additional images
- 6 External links
- 7 References
Anatomy and Physiology
Basket cells are multipolar interneurons that function to make inhibitory synapses and control the overall potentials of target cells. Their cell bodies can be found in molecular layers. The dendrites of basket cells are free branching, contain smooth spines, and extended from 12 to 30 mm. Basket cells have shown to form axo-somatic synapses.[2] The branched axonal arborizations give rise to the name as they appear as baskets surrounding the soma of the target cell.[3] By controlling the synapses of neurons, basket cells can directly control the action potential discharge rate of target cells.[4]
Cerebellum
Micrograph of cerebellar cortex showing Purkinje cells within the baskets formed by the processes of basket cells. Bielschowsky stain.
In the cerebellum, the multipolar basket cells have branching dendrites, which are dilated and knotty. Basket cells synapse on the cell bodies of Purkinje cells and make inhibitory synapses with Purkinje cells. Cerebellar basket cell axons fire inhibitory neurotransmitters such as GABA to Purkinje cell axons, and inhibits the Purkinje cell.[5]Purkinje cells send inhibitory messages to the deep cerebellar nuclei and are responsible for the sole output of motor coordination from the cerebellar cortex. With the work of the basket cell, Purkinje cells do not send the inhibitory response for motor coordination and motor movement occurs.[6]
Hippocampus
Hippocampal basket cells target somata and proximal dendrites of pyramidal neurons. Like their counterparts in the cortex,[7]hippocampal basket cells are also parvalbumin-expressing and fast-spiking. In the CA3 region of the hippocampus, basket cells can often form recurrent inhibition loops with pyramidal cells.[8] Projections from a pyramidal cell will innervate the basket cell, which in turn has a projection back onto the original pyramidal cells. Since basket cells are inhibitory, this generates a closed loop that can help dampen excitatory responses.
Cortex
In the cortex, basket cells have sparsely branched axons giving off small pericellular, basket-shaped elaborations at several intervals along their length. Basket cells make up 15-25 % of total neurons in the cortex.[9]There are three types of basket cells in the cortex, the small, large and nest type:[10] The axon of a small basket cell arborizes in the vicinity of that same cell's dendritic range, this axon is short. In contrast, large basket cells innervate somata in different cortical columns due to a long axon.[9]The nest basket cells are an intermediate form of the small and large cells, their axons are confined mainly to the same cortical layer as their somata. Nest basket cells have "radiating axonal collaterals" between that of large and small basket cells. They are included as basket cells because they are interneurons that perform axo-somatic synapses.[9]
Additional images
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Microcircuitry of the cerebellum. Excitatory synapses are denoted by (+) and inhibitory synapses by (-). Basket cell labeled BC.
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Cerebellum Microscopic Photo
External links
- Cell Centered Database - Cerebellar basket cell
- NIF Search - Basket Cell via the Neuroscience Information Framework
References
- ^ Jones, Edward (1984). Cerebral Cortex: Volume 1: Cellular Components of the Cerebral Cortex. Springer. ISBN 978-0-306-41544-9.
- ^ Jones, EG; Hendry, SHC (1984). "Basket cells". In Peters, A; Jones, EG. Cerebral cortex: cellular components of the cerebral cortex. New York: Plenum Press. pp. 309–34.
- ^ "Stahl's Essential Pharmacology". [unreliable medical source?]
- ^ Cobb, S. R.; Buhl, E. H.; Halasy, K.; Paulsen, O.; Somogyi, P. (1995). "Synchronization of neuronal activity in hippocampus by individual GABAergic interneurons". Nature 378 (6552): 75–8. Bibcode:1995Natur.378...75C. doi:10.1038/378075a0. PMID 7477292.
- ^ Southan, A. P.; Robertson, B (1998). "Patch-clamp recordings from cerebellar basket cell bodies and their presynaptic terminals reveal an asymmetric distribution of voltage-gated potassium channels". The Journal of Neuroscience 18 (3): 948–55. PMID 9437016.
- ^ Tan, Y. P.; Llano, I. (1999). "Modulation by K+channels of action potential-evoked intracellular Ca2+concentration rises in rat cerebellar basket cell axons". The Journal of Physiology 520: 65–78. doi:10.1111/j.1469-7793.1999.00065.x. PMC 2269558. PMID 10517801.
- ^ Contreras, Diego (2004). "Electrophysiological classes of neocortical neurons". Neural Networks 17 (5–6): 633–46. doi:10.1016/j.neunet.2004.04.003. PMID 15288889.
- ^ Bryne, John. "Feedback/recurrent inhibition: Feedback inhibition in microcircuits". Neuroscience Online. University of Texas Health Center.
- ^ a b c Wang, Y.; Gupta, A; Toledo-Rodriguez, M; Wu, C. Z.; Markram, H (2002). "Anatomical, Physiological, Molecular and Circuit Properties of Nest Basket Cells in the Developing Somatosensory Cortex". Cerebral Cortex 12 (4): 395–410. doi:10.1093/cercor/12.4.395. PMID 11884355.
- ^ Fox, Kevin. Barrel Cortex. Cambridge University Press. pp. 55–6.
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Anatomy of the cerebellum
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| Surface |
| Lobes |
- Anterior lobe
- Posterior lobe
- Flocculonodular lobe
- Primary fissure
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| Medial/lateral |
- Vermis: anterior
- Central lobule
- Culmen
- Lingula
- posterior
- Vallecula of cerebellum
- Hemisphere: anterior
- posterior
- Biventer lobule
- Cerebellar tonsil
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| Grey matter |
| Deep cerebellar nuclei |
- Dentate
- interposed
- Fastigial
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| Cerebellar cortex |
- Molecular layer
- Stellate cell
- Basket cell
- Purkinje cell layer
- Purkinje cell
- Bergmann glia cell = Golgi epithelial cell
- Granule cell layer
- Golgi cell
- Granule cell
- Unipolar brush cell
- Fibers: Mossy fibers
- Climbing fiber
- Parallel fiber
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| White matter |
| Internal |
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| Peduncles |
- Inferior (medulla): Dorsal spinocerebellar tract
- Olivocerebellar tract
- Cuneocerebellar tract
- Juxtarestiform body (Vestibulocerebellar tract)
- Trigeminocerebellar fibers
- Middle (pons): Pontocerebellar fibers
- Superior (midbrain): Ventral spinocerebellar tract
- Dentatothalamic tract
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UpToDate Contents
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English Journal
- Subclass-specific formation of perineuronal nets around parvalbumin-expressing GABAergic neurons in Ammon's horn of the mouse hippocampus.
- Yamada J1, Jinno S.
- The Journal of comparative neurology.J Comp Neurol.2015 Apr 1;523(5):790-804. doi: 10.1002/cne.23712. Epub 2015 Jan 14.
- Perineuronal nets (PNNs) are closely associated with parvalbumin-positive (PV+) neurons, and play a major role in controlling developmental neural plasticity. Considering the recent advances in classification of PV+ neurons, here we aimed to clarify whether PNNs might be associated with specific sub
- PMID 25420705
- IL-1β dependent cerebellar synaptopathy in a mouse mode of multiple sclerosis.
- Mandolesi G1, Gentile A, Musella A, Centonze D.
- Cerebellum (London, England).Cerebellum.2015 Feb;14(1):19-22. doi: 10.1007/s12311-014-0613-0.
- Multiple sclerosis (MS) is considered as an autoimmune inflammatory disease and is one of the main causes of motor disability in young adults. Focal white matter lesions consisting of T lymphocyte and macrophage infiltrates, demyelination, and axonal transection are clear hallmarks of MS disease. Ho
- PMID 25326653
- Excitation/inhibition imbalance and impaired synaptic inhibition in hippocampal area CA3 of Mecp2 knockout mice.
- Calfa G1, Li W, Rutherford JM, Pozzo-Miller L.
- Hippocampus.Hippocampus.2015 Feb;25(2):159-68. doi: 10.1002/hipo.22360. Epub 2014 Sep 25.
- Rett syndrome (RTT) is a neurodevelopment disorder associated with intellectual disabilities and caused by loss-of-function mutations in the gene encoding the transcriptional regulator Methyl-CpG-binding Protein-2 (MeCP2). Neuronal dysfunction and changes in cortical excitability occur in RTT indivi
- PMID 25209930
Japanese Journal
- Lack of Molecular-Anatomical Evidence for GABAergic Influence on Axon Initial Segment of Cerebellar Purkinje Cells by the Pinceau Formation
- Iwakura Atsushi,Uchigashima Motokazu,Miyazaki Taisuke,Yamasaki Miwako,Watanabe Masahiko
- The Journal of Neuroscience 32(27), 9438-9448, 2012-07-04
- … The axon initial segment (AIS) of cerebellar Purkinje cells (PCs) is embraced by ramified axons of GABAergic basket cells (BCs) called the pinceau formation. … Then we examined the expression of molecules involved in GABAergic signaling, including GABA synthetic enzyme glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), vesicular GABA transporter vesicular inhibitory amino acid transporter (VIAAT), cytomatrix active zone protein bassoon, GABA receptor GABA_[A]Rα1, and cell adhesion molecule neuroligin-2. …
- NAID 120005090597
- 発達期小脳プルキンエ細胞でみられる細胞体シナプスの入力線維のスイッチング-登上線維から籠細胞線維へ
- 市川 量一,山崎 美和子,宮崎 太輔,今野 幸太郎,橋本 浩一,辰巳 治之,井上 芳郎,狩野 正伸,渡辺 雅彦
- 北海道醫學雜誌 = Acta medica Hokkaidonensia 87(2), 73, 2012-04-01
- NAID 10030575939
- Developmental switching of perisomatic innervation from climbing fibers to basket cell fibers in cerebellar Purkinje cells.
- Ichikawa Ryoichi,Yamasaki Miwako,Miyazaki Taisuke,Konno Kohtarou,Hashimoto Kouichi,Tatsumi Haruyuki,Inoue Yoshiro,Kano Masanobu,Watanabe Masahiko
- The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience 31(47), 16916-16927, 2011-11-23
- … In early postnatal development, perisomatic innervation of cerebellar Purkinje cells (PCs) switches from glutamatergic climbing fibers (CFs) to GABAergic basket cell fibers (BFs). …
- NAID 120005183171
Related Pictures
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