関: hypovitaminosis、vitamin deficiency

WordNet

any of several diseases caused by deficiency of one or more vitamins (同)hypovitaminosis

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ビタミン欠乏症

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/04/03 02:46:04」(JST)

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Avitaminosis is any disease caused by chronic or long-term vitamin deficiency or caused by a defect in metabolic conversion, such as tryptophan to niacin. They are designated by the same letter as the vitamin.^[1]^[2]

Conversely hypervitaminosis is the syndrome of symptoms caused by over-retention of fat-soluble vitamins in the body.

Types

Avitaminoses (and their lacking factors) include:

Vitamin A (retinol and carotenoid precursors) deficiency causes xerophthalmia or night blindness.
Thiamine (vitamin B1) deficiency causes beriberi.
Riboflavin deficiency (vitamin B2) causes ariboflavinosis.
Niacin (vitamin B3) deficiency causes pellagra.
Pantothenic acid (vitamin B5) deficiency causes chronic paresthesia.
Biotin (vitamin B7) deficiency negatively affects fertility and hair/skin growth. Deficiency can be caused by poor diet or genetic factors (such as mutations in the BTD gene, see multiple carboxylase deficiency).
Folate (vitamin B9) deficiency is associated with numerous health problems. Fortification of certain foods with folate has drastically reduced the incidence of neural tube defects in countries where such fortification takes place. Deficiency can result from poor diet or genetic factors (such as mutations in the MTHFR gene that lead to compromised folate metabolism).
Vitamin B12 (cobalamin) deficiency can lead to megaloblastic anemia and subacute combined degeneration of spinal cord, among other conditions.
Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) deficiency leads to scurvy.
Vitamin D (cholecalciferol) deficiency is a known cause of rickets, and has been linked to numerous health problems.
Vitamin E Vitamin E deficiency causes nerve problems due to poor conduction of electrical impulses along nerves due to changes in nerve membrane structure and function.
Vitamin K (phylloquinone or menaquinone) deficiency causes impaired coagulation and has also been implicated in osteoporosis.

References

^ Lee Russell McDowell (2000). Vitamins in Animal and Human Nutrition (2 ed. ed.). Wiley-Blackwell. ISBN 0-8138-2630-6.
^ Lydia Fehily (1944). "Human-milk intoxication due to B1 avitaminosis". British Medical Journal 2 (4374): 509–. doi:10.1136/bmj.2.4374.590. PMC 2286425. PMID 20785731.

English Journal

Significant 25-hydroxyvitamin D deficiency in child and adolescent survivors of acute lymphoblastic leukemia: treatment with chemotherapy compared with allogeneic stem cell transplant.

Simmons JH, Chow EJ, Koehler E, Esbenshade A, Smith LA, Sanders J, Friedman D.SourceDepartment of Pediatrics, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Vanderbilt Children's Hospital, Nashville, Tennessee, USA. jill.h.simmons@vanderbilt.edu
Pediatric blood & cancer.Pediatr Blood Cancer.2011 Jul 1;56(7):1114-9. doi: 10.1002/pbc.22949. Epub 2010 Dec 22.
BACKGROUND: 25-hydroxyvitamin D insufficiency is common in healthy children and adolescents. There have been limited studies of the 25-hydroxyvitamin D status of survivors of pediatric and adolescent acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).PROCEDURE: In a cohort of 78 ALL survivors (52 chemotherapy-treat
PMID 21488156

Vitamin D and prevention of cardiovascular disease and diabetes: why the evidence falls short.

Shapses SA, Manson JE.SourceDepartment of Nutritional Sciences, Obesity Group, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey 080901, USA. shapses@aesop.rutgers.edu
JAMA : the journal of the American Medical Association.JAMA.2011 Jun 22;305(24):2565-6.
PMID 21693745

Japanese Journal

肥育牛における全身性浮腫の発症機構および血液生化学的スクリーニング法

安藤克幸,平野伸昌,大平俊尚 [他]
獣医畜産新報 59(10), 833-839, 2006-10
NAID 40015123593

二種類の経中心静脈高カロリー輸液用総合ビタミン剤についての比較臨床試験

小越章平,岩佐正人,富田正雄,下山孝俊,香月武人,瀬戸口敏明,児玉吉明,清水龍夫
ビタミン 58(7), 253-266, 1984-07-25
… During the administration of NK-041 and MVI, neither avitaminosis nor hypervitaminosis was observed and a side effect which was thought to be due to the preparations was observed in NK-041. …
NAID 110002846696