収斂薬

WordNet

a drug that causes contraction of body tissues and canals (同)astringent drug, styptic
tending to draw together or constrict soft organic tissue; "astringent cosmetic lotions"
not astringent
become constricted or compressed; "The cold substance astringes"
constrict or bind or draw together; "Lemon juice astringes the tissue in the mouth"

PrepTutorEJDIC

収れん性の,収縮する / (性質などが)きびしい / 収れん剤;〈U〉アストリンゼント(肌をひきしめるために用いる化粧水)

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2014/12/30 22:17:47」(JST)

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A crystal of alum, an astringent

An astringent (occasional alternative: adstringent) substance is a chemical compound that tends to shrink or constrict body tissues. The word "astringent" derives from Latin adstringere, meaning "to bind fast". Two common examples are calamine lotion and witch hazel.

Astringency is also the dry, puckering mouthfeel caused by tannins found in many fruits such as blackthorn (sloe berries), Aronia chokeberry, chokecherry, bird cherry, quince and persimmon fruits, and banana skins. The tannins (which are types of polyphenols) bind the salivary proteins, causing them to precipitate or aggregate^[1] and lead to a rough "sandpapery" or dry sensation in the mouth. Tannins are found in some red wines and teas. A small amount of astringency is expected in some wines, especially young red wines made from grapes such as cabernet sauvignon and merlot.

Uses

Astringent in medicine cause shrinkage of mucous membranes or exposed tissues and are often used internally to check discharge of blood serum or mucous secretions.^[2] This can happen with a sore throat, hemorrhages, diarrhea, or with peptic ulcers. Externally applied astringents, which cause mild coagulation of skin proteins, dry, harden, and protect the skin.^[3] People with acne are often advised to use astringents if they have oily skin.^[4] Mild astringent solutions are used in the relief of such minor skin irritations as those resulting from superficial cuts, allergies, insect bites,^[3] or fungal infections such as athlete's foot.^[5]

Some common astringent agents include alum, acacia, sage,^[6] yarrow,^[7] witch hazel, bayberry, distilled vinegar, very cold water, and rubbing alcohol. Astringent preparations include silver nitrate, potassium permanganate, zinc oxide, zinc sulfate, Burow's solution, tincture of benzoin, and vegetable substances such as tannic and gallic acids. Balaustines are the red rose-like flowers of the pomegranate, which are very bitter to the taste. In medicine, its dried form has been used as an astringent.^[8] Some metal salts and acids have also been used as astringents.^[9] Redness-reducing eye drops contain an astringent. In the past, Goulard's Extract was used, but is now discontinued.

References

Look up astringent in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

^ Fennema, Food Chemistry, 4th Ed., page 656
^ Brodin, Michael (1998). The Over-The-Counter Drug Book. Simon and Schuster. p. 382. ISBN 978-0-671-01380-6. Retrieved 4 June 2014.
^ ^a ^b Peter A. Ciullo (31 December 1996). Industrial Minerals and Their Uses: A Handbook and Formulary. William Andrew. p. 407. ISBN 978-0-8155-1808-2. Retrieved 4 June 2014.
^ Acne from http://www.brown.edu
^ Dockery, Gary L.; Crawford, Mary Elizabeth (1999). Color Atlas of Foot and Ankle Dermatology. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. p. 171. ISBN 978-0-397-51519-6. Retrieved 4 June 2014.
^ Dorland, W. A. Newman (1907). The american illustrated medical dictionary (4th ed.). Philadelphia and London: W.B. Saunders company. pp. 14, 39, 635. Retrieved 4 June 2014.
^ Grieve, Maud (1 June 1971). A Modern Herbal: The Medicinal, Culinary, Cosmetic and Economic Properties, Cultivation and Folk-lore of Herbs, Grasses, Fungi, Shrubs, & Trees with All Their Modern Scientific Uses. Dover Publications. pp. 863–864. ISBN 978-0-486-22799-3. Retrieved 4 June 2014.
^ History of Science: Cyclopædia, or, An universal dictionary of arts and sciences…
^ Gregory, James (1833). Conspectus medicinae theoreticae: a view of the theory of medicine; in two parts: Part I. Containing physiology and pathology. Part II. Containing therapeutics (2nd ed.). London: Stirling & Kenneg. pp. 255–256. Retrieved 4 June 2014.

UpToDate Contents

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English Journal

Elemental characterisation of the medical plant Alchemilla velebitica.

Juranović Cindrić I1, Zeiner M2, Požgaj M1, Šilić T3, Stingeder G4.
Journal of trace elements in medicine and biology : organ of the Society for Minerals and Trace Elements (GMS).J Trace Elem Med Biol.2015 Jul;31:274-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2014.09.008. Epub 2014 Sep 30.
Alchemilla, commonly called "lady's mantle", is a genus of herbaceous perennial plants belonging to the family Rosaceae. The species Alchemilla velebitica is found only in Southern Europe, like in the Croatian National Park Northern Velebit. Its benefits, such as a astringent and emmenagogue activit
PMID 25451083

Proanthocyanidins and Their Contribution to Sensory Attributes of Black Currant Juices.

Laaksonen OA1, Salminen JP1, Mäkilä L1, Kallio HP1, Yang B1.
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry.J Agric Food Chem.2015 Jun 10;63(22):5373-80. doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.5b01287. Epub 2015 Jun 2.
Black currant juices from five different cultivars were analyzed for composition, content, and mean degree of polymerization (mDP) of proanthocyanidins (PA) by UPLC-MS/MS. Juices contained both procyanidins (PC) and prodelphinidins (PD), but the PC-% varied significantly, from 28 to 82% of the total
PMID 25984593

Proanthocyanidins in an astringent persimmon inhibit Salmonella Pathogenicity Island 1 (SPI1) secretion.

Morita A1, Tai A1, Ito H2, Ganeko N1, Aizawa SI1.
Journal of the science of food and agriculture.J Sci Food Agric.2015 Jun 3. doi: 10.1002/jsfa.7289. [Epub ahead of print]
Astringent compounds contained in persimmon fruits have been widely used in Japan as food-preservatives and thus as anti-bacterial and anti-fungi reagents. However, the molecular mechanism of the anti-microbial activity has been unclear. One of the virulence secretion systems in Salmonella enterica
PMID 26041125

Influence of steeping conditions (time, temperature, and particle size) on antioxidant properties and sensory attributes of some white and green teas.

Castiglioni S1, Damiani E, Astolfi P, Carloni P.
International journal of food sciences and nutrition.Int J Food Sci Nutr.2015 May 28:1-7. [Epub ahead of print]
The influence of commonly used steeping times and temperatures, as well as leaf size on the antioxidant activity and sensory attributes of tea were studied. Five unblended white and green tea samples from China and Malawi, infused in hot (70 °C and 90 °C; 7 min) or cold water (room temperatu
PMID 26017324

Japanese Journal

山形県産柿を原料とした酒類製造の可能性の評価

後藤貴史,高橋幸司,高畑保之
化学工学論文集 = Kagaku kogaku ronbunshu 38(3), 278-283, 2012-07-20
山形県産の渋柿を原料とし，酵母を使用したエタノール発酵を行い，酒類製造の可能性について検討した．試料として，炭酸ガス法により脱渋を施した柿と何の処理もしていない2種類のサンプルを用意し，その果汁を対象としてエタノール生成の比較実験を行った．なお発酵実験に用いた酵母は，S. cerevisiae Wine Yeast OC-2である．この結果，エタノール収率は脱渋処理柿において61.87%，未処理 …
NAID 10030929253

Possibility of Evaluation of the Astringent Fruit in 'Le Lectier' Pears Using Visible and Near-infrared Spectroscopy

滝沢憲一,中野和弘,大橋慎太郎
新潟大学農学部研究報告 64(2), 179-186, 2012-03
NAID 40019325214

柿タンニンによる麻布染色に対する酢酸ナトリウムの添加効果

金子珠実,前川昌子
日本家政学会誌 63(5), 219-224, 2012
NAID 40019260590

可溶性カキタンニンの化学反応性を利用したカキ洋菓子の製造

鶴永陽子,高橋哲也,山下稚香子
日本家政学会誌 63(4), 185-192, 2012
NAID 40019226422

Related Pictures

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元

「収斂薬」

　　[★]

英: astringent
同: 収れん薬
関: 収斂作用

収斂薬

タンニンアルブミン

まれれにかびんせい

鉄剤と配合禁忌

ビスマス製剤

構造

作用機序

腸粘膜タンパク質に結合し、粘膜面を覆って分泌と刺激を抑制

→炎症、腸蠕動を抑制

局所の蛋白質を沈殿させ細胞膜透過性を減少させる薬物 (別の文献)

薬理作用

動態

適応

腸粘膜にびらん、潰瘍があるときに適応

注意

禁忌

副作用

相互作用

[1] Fennema, Food Chemistry, 4th Ed., page 656

[Brodin1998-2] Brodin, Michael (1998). The Over-The-Counter Drug Book. Simon and Schuster. p. 382. ISBN 978-0-671-01380-6. Retrieved 4 June 2014.

[Ciullo1996-3] Peter A. Ciullo (31 December 1996). Industrial Minerals and Their Uses: A Handbook and Formulary. William Andrew. p. 407. ISBN 978-0-8155-1808-2. Retrieved 4 June 2014.

[4] Acne from http://www.brown.edu

[DockeryCrawford1999-5] Dockery, Gary L.; Crawford, Mary Elizabeth (1999). Color Atlas of Foot and Ankle Dermatology. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. p. 171. ISBN 978-0-397-51519-6. Retrieved 4 June 2014.

[1907Dorland-6] Dorland, W. A. Newman (1907). The american illustrated medical dictionary (4th ed.). Philadelphia and London: W.B. Saunders company. pp. 14, 39, 635. Retrieved 4 June 2014.

[Grieve1971-7] Grieve, Maud (1 June 1971). A Modern Herbal: The Medicinal, Culinary, Cosmetic and Economic Properties, Cultivation and Folk-lore of Herbs, Grasses, Fungi, Shrubs, & Trees with All Their Modern Scientific Uses. Dover Publications. pp. 863–864. ISBN 978-0-486-22799-3. Retrieved 4 June 2014.

[8] History of Science: Cyclopædia, or, An universal dictionary of arts and sciences…

[Gregory1833-9] Gregory, James (1833). Conspectus medicinae theoreticae: a view of the theory of medicine; in two parts: Part I. Containing physiology and pathology. Part II. Containing therapeutics (2nd ed.). London: Stirling & Kenneg. pp. 255–256. Retrieved 4 June 2014.

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astringent